2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 A healthy life Section Ⅰ Wa

Unit3Ahealthylife[话题导读]Newsmokingrules禁烟草案将灭掉公众场合的“老烟枪”MANYofushavehadthisannoyingexperience：Youarewaitingforthebusatabusstationwhensomeonenearbybeginstopuffonacigarette.Youfrownandmove，butitseemsthatthereisn'tmuchyoucandoaboutit.That'swhyanewdraft(草案)regulationontobaccocontrolhasbeenwelcomedinChina.Itwillofferpeopleprotectionfromsecond­handsmoking.ThedraftwaspublishedbytheStateCouncilonitsofficialwebsiteonNov.24toaskforpublicopinionuntilDec.23.Accordingtothebill，smokinginindoorpublicplacesandoutdoorspacessuchasthewaitingareasofpublictransportationisbanned.Allformsoftobaccoadvertising，alongwithsmokingscenesinfilmsandTVshows，arealsonotallowed.“ItisthefirsttimeChinahasconsideredstate­levellegislation(立法)ontobaccocontrol，whichshowsthecountry'sgreatdeterminationontheissue，”YangGonghuan，deputyheadofChineseAssociationonTobaccoControl，toldXinhua.Astheworld'slargesttobaccomakerandconsumer，Chinahasmorethan300millionsmokersaccordingtoNationalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommission.Theteensmokingratehasreached11.5percent，with15million13～18year­oldsregularlysmoking.“Parentsandteacherswhosmokehaveastrongimpactonchildren.SmokingscenesinfilmsandTVprogramsalsomakeyoungpeoplefalselylinktobaccousewithglamor(魅力)andacoolimage(形象)，”saidYang.Newanti­smokingregulationsarepassedinBeijingonNov.28.However，wheneveryoulightupacigarette，youareatrisk.Tobaccosmokecontainsmorethan7,000chemicals.Manyofthemcancausecancerandruinyourskin，breathandathleticperformance，accordingtotheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Todiscouragepeoplefromsmoking，citiesincludingShanghai，HangzhouandGuangzhouhavelaunchedlocalsmokingbans.Beijingisthelatestonetotakeaction.Itpassedanti­smokingregulationsonNov.28，banningsmokinginopen­airspacessuchaskindergartens(幼儿园)，schools，andhospitals.Teachersareforbiddenfromsmokinginfrontofstudentsinprimaryandsecondaryschools.TheruleswilltakeeffectonJune1,2015.Peoplewhobreaktheruleswillbefinedupto200yuan.Managersandoperatorswillberesponsibleforenforcing(执行)theminpublicplaces.Chinaisnottheonlynationtofightsmoking.InMarch2004Irelandbecamethefirstcountrytointroduceabanonsmokinginworkplacesandpublicareas，withfinesofupto3,000euros(23,000yuan)forthosewhobreakthelaw.ManyotherEuropeancountries，suchastheUK，thenfollowed.IntheUS，hundredsofcities，includingNewYorkCity，evenhavelawsstoppingpeoplefromsmokinginpublicparks，reportedtheAtlantic.SectionⅠWarmingUp&Pre-reading&Reading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]ADVICEFROMGRANDADDearJames，ItisabeautifuldayhereandIamsittingunderthebigtreeattheendofthegarden.Ihavejustreturnedfromalongbikeridetoanoldcastle.ItseemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.【1】It'smybirthdayintwoweeks'timeandI'llbe82yearsold!Ithinkmylongandactivelifemustbedueto①thehealthylifeIlive.【2】【1】that在句中引导主语从句，It为形式主语。【2】本句为主从复合句，think后是一个省略了引导词that的宾语从句，其中Ilive为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词thehealthylife。Thisbringsmetotherealreasonformyletter，mydeargrandson.Yourmothertellsmethatyoustartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefindingitdifficulttogiveitup【3】．Believeme，Iknowhoweasyitistobeginsmokingandhowtough②itistostop.【4】Yousee，duringadolescence③Ialsosmokedandbecameaddictedto④cigarettes.【3】此处为“动词＋形式宾语it＋adj.＋todo”结构，其中it为形式宾语，后面的动词不定式短语togiveitup是真正的宾语。【4】Believeme为插入语，know后面跟了两个宾语从句。宾语从句是由how引导的感叹句转化而来，其中的it为宾语从句中的形式主语，动词不定式短语tobeginsmoking和tostop为真正的主语。Bytheway，didyouknowthatthisisbecauseyoubecomeaddictedinthreedifferentways?First，youcanbecomephysicallyaddictedtonicotine，whichisoneofthehundredsofchemicalsincigarettes【5】．Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbodybecomesaccustomedto⑤havingnicotineinit.Sowhenthedrugleavesyourbody，yougetwithdrawal⑥symptoms.Irememberfeelingbad­tempered⑦andsometimeseveninpain.Secondly，youbecomeaddictedthroughhabit.Asyouknow，ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain，youbegintodoitautomatically⑧.Lastly，youcanbecomementally⑨addicted.IbelievedIwashappierandmorerelaxedafterhavingacigarette，soIbegantothinkthatIcouldonlyfeelgoodwhenIsmoked.Iwasaddictedinallthreeways，soitwasverydifficulttoquit⑩.ButIdidfinallymanage.[再记住]①dueto由于……due/djuː；USduː/adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的②tough/tʌf/adj.困难的；强硬的③adolescence/'ædə'lesəns/n.青春期④addictedto对……有瘾addicted/ə'dIktId/adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的⑤accustomedto习惯于……(to为介词)accustomed/ə'kʌstəmd/adj.惯常的；习惯了的⑥withdrawal/wIð'drɔːəl/n.戒毒(或脱瘾)过程；收回；撤退withdrawv．退出；撤回；撤离⑦bad­temperedadj.脾气暴躁的；易怒的⑧automatically/'ɔːtə'mætIklI/adv.无意识地；自动地automatic/'ɔːtə'mætIk/adj.无意识的；自动的⑨mentally/'mentəlI/adv.精神上；智力上physicallyadv.身体上；肉体上⑩quit/kwIt/vt.停止(做某事)；离开quitdoingsth.停止做某事[再翻译]爷爷的忠告亲爱的詹姆斯：今天这儿的天气很好，我现在正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树下。我骑自行车去了远处的一座古城堡，刚刚回来。很吃惊吧，在我这样的年纪，身体还很健康，还能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了！我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。这就是我写这封信的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。相信我，我知道吸烟容易戒烟难。你知道，我年少的时候也吸过烟，而且还对香烟上了瘾。顺便问一下，你知道这是因为你在三个不同的方面上瘾了吗？首先，你的身体会对尼古丁上瘾，尼古丁是香烟里成百种化学物质之一。这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。因此一旦你的体内没有这种药物了，你就会出现脱瘾症状。我记得(那时)我脾气暴躁，有时甚至感到痛苦。其次，你也会因为习惯而上瘾。正如你所知道的，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你便会开始不由自主地去做这件事。最后，你会在精神上上瘾。我(那时)认为，抽一支烟后我会感到更轻松愉快，于是我开始以为抽烟才能使我感觉良好。我在这三个方面都上瘾了，因此，戒烟很难。但是我最终还是戒掉了。[先读通]【5】此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词nicotine。WhenIwasyoung，Ididn'tk