SectionⅣGrammarUnit3Ahealthylifeit的用法(Ⅰ)1.(教材P18)____________isabeautifuldayhereandIamsittingunderthebigtreeattheendofthegarden.答案:It2.(教材P18)____________seemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.答案:It3.(教材P18)____________mybirthdayintwoweeks’timeandI’llbe82yearsold!答案:It’s4.(教材P18)Believeme,Iknowhoweasy____________istobeginsmokingandhowtough____________istostop.答案:it;it5.(教材P18)Asyouknow,ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain,youbegintodo____________automatically.答案:it6.(教材P18)WhenIwastakenofftheschoolfootballteambecauseIwasunfit,Iknew____________wastimetoquitsmoking.答案:it1.用作人称代词(1)it用来指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事。◆Myfriendofferedmeabeautifulgiftyesterday,andIlikeitverymuch.我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢它。(2)指代性别不明的child或baby。◆Hissisterhasgivenabirthtoababyrecentlyanditisverybeautiful.他姐姐最近生了个孩子,很漂亮。it用作人称代词和非人称代词(3)指代未出场的身份不明确的人。◆—Whoiswaitingforyouatthebusstop?—Ihavenoidea.Itmaybemybrother.——谁在车站等着你?——我不知道,可能是我哥哥。(4)指代前文中的this,that。◆Thisisyourplan?Willyouhanditin?这是你的计划?你要交上去吗?2.用作非人称代词it用作无人称的主语,不指物,而表示时间、天气、气候、季节、距离等自然现象,或指事物的状态。◆Itisneithertoohotinsummernortoocoldinwinterinmyhometown.我的家乡夏天不太热冬天也不太冷。(指代天气)◆Itisfivekilometerstothetownfromthevillage.从农村到城镇有5公里路。(指代距离)◆Itis5o’clocknowbymywatch.我的手表现在是5点钟。(指代时间)【即时演练1】——匹配下面it的用法A.指代前面的名词B.指代性别不明的child或babyC.指代未出场的身份不明确的人D.指代时间E.指代距离①—Who’sthatatthedoor?—Itisthemilkman._________②Qingdaoisabeautifulcity,isn’tit?_________③Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry._________④WhatalongwayitisfromBeijingtoLondon!_________⑤Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback._________CABEDit常代替由不定式、动词ing形式或从句表示的真正主语而在句子中作形式主语,而将真正的主语移至句子的后面。1.代替不定式短语作形式主语常用于以下句型中:(1)It+be+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.此句型中的形容词描述的是事物的特征、特点。常用于此句型的形容词有important,easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible等。it用作形式主语◆Itisveryimportantforustolearnhowtodealwithstress.学会如何应对压力对我们来说很重要。◆AsfarasI’mconcerned,it’snecessarytohaveagoodcommandofEnglish.就我个人看来,掌握英语是必要的。(2)It+be+adj.+ofsb.todosth.此句型中的形容词描述的是人的品德、特征。常用于此句型的形容词有kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,clever等。◆Howsillyitwasofyoutogiveupsuchagoodchance!放弃这么好的一次机会,你真傻!◆Itwasreallyverykindofyoutogivemealifthome.你让我搭便车回家,真是太好了。(3)It+be+n.(+forsb./sth.)+todosth.用于此句型的名词(短语)有pity,shame,pleasure,fun,joy,goodmanners,badmanners等。◆Itisgoodmannersforstudentstogreettotheirteachers.学生向老师打招呼是礼貌的行为。◆Itisashameforustohavelostthegame.我们输了这场比赛,真丢人。2.代替动名词短语作形式主语常用于以下句型中:It’snouse/nogood/nofun/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth.做某事没有用/没有好处/没有意思/没有用/浪费时间。◆Itisnousegivinghimsomeadvice.=Itisuselessgivinghimsomeadvice.给他提一些建议是没用的。◆Itisawasteoftimedoingsuchuselessthings.做这样无用的事情等于浪费时间。3.代替主语从句作形式主语It+be+n./adj.+主语从句。在“Itisnatural/necessary/important/strange+that从句”中,从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,且should可以省略。◆Itisnecessarythattheworkshouldbedonewell.这项工作应该被完美完成是必须的。◆It’sapitythatIdidn’tthinkofitearlier.我没有早一点考虑它真是遗憾。4.注意以下固定句型Itseems(ed)/appears(ed)that...似乎……It(so)happenedthat...碰巧……Itturns(ed)outthat...结果是……Ithitsb.that...某人突然想起……Itissaid/reported/believed/hoped/wellknown/suggested...that...据说/据报道/大家都相信/人人都希望/大家都知道/有人建议……◆Ithappenedthattheticketsweresoldout.碰巧票都卖光了。◆Ithitherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.她突然想到她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。◆Itturnsoutthatthesituationisquiteserious.结果表明情况很严重。【即时演练2】——完成句子①似乎没有人知道公园里发生了什么事情。___________________nooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.②智能手机确实在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。___________________asmartphoneplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife.ItseemsthatItistruethat③试图用武力解决问题是没用的,和谈才是唯一的办法。___________________tosolvetheproblembyforce.Peacetalksaretheonlysolution.④据说台风已造成了很多的破坏。___________________thetyphoonhadcausedalotofdamage.ItisnousetryingItwassaidthatit常可代替不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在句子中作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句子后面。it作形式宾语常用于以下几种情况:1.v.+it+adj./n.+(for/ofsb.)+todo/that...◆TheyconsidereditimportanttohaveagoodcommandofEnglish.他们认为精通英语很重要。◆Wemakeitaruletovisittheoldeveryweekend.我们规定每个周末都去拜访老人。it用作形式宾语2.v.+it+nogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftime...+doing...◆Hethoughtitnousetryingtoconvincethem.他认为企图说服他们没有用。3.某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it作形式宾语,然后接从句,有此用法的动词(短语)有like,dislike,hate,appreciate,dependon,relyon,counton等。◆Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemysuggestionintoconsideration.如果你能考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。◆Ihateitwhensomeonemakesamessofmylearningmaterialsonmydesk.我讨厌有人把我桌子上的学习材料弄得乱七八糟。【即时演练3】——完成句子①首先,我认为在国外多交朋友是非常重要的。Firstofall,I__________________________________________abroad.②苏珊明确向我表明,她想自己创造新生活。Susan______________________shewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.thinkitveryimportanttomakemorefriendsmadeitcleartomethat③如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来,我会很感激的。_______________________youcouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.④我认为为这只打碎了的花瓶哭泣是没有用的。I_______________________overthebrokenvase.⑤我们都想当然地认为米莱能成功。Weall_______________________Milecansucceed.I’dappreciateitifthinkitnousecryingtakeitforgrantedthatⅠ用it结构改写下列句子1.TounderstandthemeaningofthepaintingbyPicassotakesmequitealongtime.(ittakes...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whatisknowntousallisthatmanyyoungteenagersliketoeatfastfood.(itisknown...)_______________________________________________________