2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Poems Section Ⅰ Warming Up

Unit2Poems[话题导读]致经典，传承中国传统文化——诗Poemofmotherlylove游子吟(唐·孟郊)慈母手中线，游子身上衣。临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归。谁言寸草心，报得三春晖？SongofthePartingSonMengJiaoThethreadinmother'shand，Agownforpartingson，Sewnstitchbystitch，alas！Forfearofcoldhe'llstand.Suchkindnessofwarmsun，Can'tberepaidbygrass.SongofthePartingSonmaybethemostpopularChinesepoemtopraisethegreatestuniversalloveintheworld—amother'scareandconcernforherchild.ItwaswrittenbyTangDynastypoetMengJiao(751～814AD)，knownasthe“kuyinpoet”，whoalwayscombinedhissadnessanddepression(沮丧)intohisworks，spendingagreatdealoftimeconsideringeachword.Thepoemismadeofthreecouplets(对句)．Withthefirstcoupletdescribingthedetailssuchasthethread，theson'sgarment(衣服)andthedim(昏暗的)lamplight，itshowstheconcept(概念)ofamother'slove.Perhapsthemotherthinksthisisthelastthingshecandoforhersonbeforehesetsoffonhisjourney.Inthelasttwolines，thepoetusedapairofmetaphors(隐喻)．Mengcomparedthemothertothewarmsunandthechildtograss.Thisshowshowgreatamother'slovecanbeandhowlittleachildcandotorepaytheirmother.Theverse(诗句)evokesresponse(引发共鸣)inallchildren'shearts，aswellastheirprofound(深厚的)lovefortheirmothers.Thelastlineringsaquestionloudintheearsofreaders：howshouldchildrenpaybacktheirlovingparentswhogothroughthepainofbringingthemup?ThefamousphilosopherConfucius(551～479BC)isbelievedtohaveoncesaid，“Whileone'sparentsarealive，oneshouldnottraveltodistantplaces.Ifitisnecessarytotravel，thereshouldbeadefinitedirection.”(父母在，不远游，游必有方)SectionⅠWarmingUp&Pre-reading&Reading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]AFEWSIMPLEFORMSOFENGLISHPOEMSTherearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry【1】．Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgivethereaderastrongimpression【2】．Otherstrytoconvey①certainemotions②.Poetsusemanydifferentformsofpoetrytoexpressthemselves.Inthistext，however，wewilllookatafewofthesimplerforms.【1】why引导的定语从句修饰先行词variousreasons。【2】that引导的定语从句修饰先行词away。[再记住]①convey/kən'veI/vt.传达；运送②emotion/I'məʊʃn/n.情感；情绪；感情[再翻译]一些简体英文诗人们写诗有着各种各样的原因。有些诗以令读者印象深刻的方式讲述一个故事或描写某个事物。另一些诗则试图传达某些情感。诗人用许多不同形式的诗来表达自己(的情感)。然而，在本文中，我们将会看到一些形式比较简单的诗。[先读通]SomeofthefirstpoetryayoungchildlearnsinEnglish【3】isnurseryrhymes③.Theserhymesliketheoneontheright(A)arestillacommontypeofchildren'spoetry.Thelanguageisconcrete④butimaginative，andtheydelightsmallchildrenbecausetheyrhyme，havestrongrhythmandalotofrepetition⑤.【4】Thepoemsmaynotmakesenseandevenseemcontradictory⑥，buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite.【5】Byplayingwiththewordsinnurseryrhymes，childrenlearnaboutlanguage.【3】ayoungchildlearnsinEnglish为定语从句，修饰先行词poetry，关系词在从句中作宾语，故被省略了。先行词被thefirst修饰时，定语从句的关系词宜用that而不用which。如果that在从句中作宾语则可以省略。【4】该句是并列复合句，由并列连词and连接。在第二个分句中有一个because引导的原因状语从句。【5】句中but连接两个并列分句。but后的分句中，tolearnandrecite为动词不定式短语作状语，且learn和recite与句子的主语they构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此时用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。AHush⑦，littlebaby，don'tsayaword，Papa'sgoingtobuyyouamockingbird⑧.Ifthatmockingbirdwon'tsing，Papa'sgoingtobuyyouadiamond⑨ring.Ifthatdiamondringturnstobrass⑩，Papa'sgoingtobuyyoualooking­glass.Ifthatlooking­glassgetsbroke，Papa'sgoingtobuyyouabilly­goat⑪.Ifthatbilly­goatrunsaway⑫，Papa'sgoingtobuyyouanothertoday.SomesimplepoemsarelikeBandCthatlistthings.Listpoemshaveaflexible⑬linelengthandrepeatedphraseswhichgivebothapattern⑭andarhythmtothepoem.Somerhyme(likeB)while⑮othersdonot(likeC)．BIsawafish­pondallonfireIsawafish­pondallonfire，Isawahousebowto⑯asquire⑰，Isawapersontwelve­feethigh，Isawacottage⑱inthesky，Isawaballoonmadeoflead，Isawacoffin⑲dropdowndead，Isawtwosparrows⑳runarace，Isawtwohorsesmakinglace○21，Isawagirljustlikeacat，Isawakitten○22wearahat【6】，Isawamanwhosawthesetoo，Andsaidthoughstrangetheyallweretrue.[再记住]③nurseryrhyme童谣nursery/'nɜːsərI/n.托儿所④concrete/'kɒŋkriːt/adj.具体的；混凝土制的⑤repetition/'repI'tIʃn/n.重复；反复；循环repetition的动词形式为repeat，注意它们的拼写差异。⑥contradictory/'kɒntrə'dIktərI/adj.引起矛盾的；好反驳的⑦hush/hʌʃ/vi.&vt.(使某人)安静下来⑧mockingbird/'mɒkIŋ'bɜːd/n.嘲鸫(一种鸟，能模仿其他鸟的叫声)⑨diamond/'daIəmənd/n.钻石；菱形⑩brass/brɑːs/n.黄铜；黄铜器⑪billy­goat/'bIlIˌɡəʊt/n.公山羊⑫runaway跑掉；逃离⑬flexible/'fleksəbl/adj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的⑭pattern/'pætn/n.模式；式样；图案⑮while“而，然而”，在此是并列连词，表示对比。⑯bowtosb.向某人鞠躬⑰squire/skwaIə/n.乡绅⑱cottage/'kɒtIdʒ/n.村舍；小屋⑲coffin/'kɒfIn/n.棺材⑳sparrow/'spærəʊ/n.麻雀○21makelace绣花边○22kitten/'kItən/n.小猫[再翻译]孩子们最早学习的一些英文诗是童谣。这些像右边的这首童谣(A)一样押韵的短诗仍然是一种常见的儿童诗的类型。童谣的语言具体但富有想象力，这些童谣能使小孩子们快乐，因为它们押韵、节奏感强，而且重复多遍。这种诗可能讲不通，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。A嘘，小宝贝，别说话，爸爸给你买个嘲鸫。如果嘲鸫不会唱歌，爸爸给你买个钻戒。如果钻戒变成黄铜，爸爸给你买个镜子。如果镜子打破了，爸爸给你买只小山羊。如果小山羊跑掉了，爸爸今天再去给你买一只。一些简单的诗歌像B和C一样列举事物。“清单诗”诗句的长短比较灵活且有重复的短语，这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。有些“清单诗”押韵(如B)，有些则不押韵(如C)。B我看到鱼塘在燃烧我看到鱼塘在燃烧，我看到房子向地主哈腰，我看到人高一丈八，我看到茅屋在天郊，我看到气球用铅做，我看到棺材把死人抛，我看到两只麻雀在赛跑，我看到两匹马儿绣花包，我看到姑娘像只猫，我看到小猫戴花帽，我看到有人在一旁瞄，虽奇怪，但把实情报。[先读通]【6】本句中包含一个“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构，不带to的动词不定式短语作宾补。本诗中使用了多种形式作see的宾补，如：不带to的动词不定式(短语)bowtoasquire，dropdowndead等；介词短语onfire，inthesky等；形容词短语twelve­feethigh；现在分词短语makinglace。COurfirstfootballmatchWewouldhavewon...ifJackhadscoredthatgoal，ifwe'dhadjustafewmoreminutes，ifwehadtrainedharder，ifBenhadpassedtheballtoJoe，ifwe'dhadthousandsoffansscreaming，ifIhadn'ttakenmyeyeofftheball，ifwehadn'tstayedupsolatethenightbefore，ifwehadn'ttakeniteasy○23，ifwehadn'trunoutof○24energy.Wewo