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Unit2LanguageSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagePointsoccupyvt.占领；占用(时间、空间等);忙着，使忙于(教材P22)ThentwoGermanicgroupsfromtheEuropeanmainland—theAnglesandtheSaxons—occupiedBritain.然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。(1)occupysb./oneselfwithsth.＝occupysb./oneselfindoingsth.使某人忙于做某事(2)occupiedadj.在使用中的；忙于……的beoccupiedwith/indoingsth.忙于做某事(3)occupationn.工作；职业；使用；占用；占领①Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartybutheoccupiedhimselfwithaveryimportantexperiment.他本来想参加你的生日晚会，但是他忙于一个非常重要的实验。②Reading__________(occupy)mostofmyfreetime.阅读占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。occupies③Sheisfullyoccupiedwithherthreechildren.＝Sheisfully_______________lookingafterherthreechildren.＝She_________________________afterherthreechildren.她忙于照料她的三个孩子。④Ican’tmeetyouonSunday.I’llbeotherwise_______________(occupy)．星期天我不能见你。我将忙于其他事情。occupiedinoccupiesherselfinlookingoccupiedcontributionn．贡献；捐款；投稿(经典例句)Hemadeaverypositivecontributiontothesuccessoftheproject.他对项目的成功贡献良多。(1)makecontributions/acontributionto对……作出贡献(2)contributevi.&vt.贡献；捐献；投稿contributeto(doing)sth.有助于；促成contribute...to...向……捐献……；向……投稿①Theinventionofpaperwasagreatcontributiontohumancivilization.纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。②Tomakeourcountrystronger,everyoneshouldmakehis/her_______________(contribute)．为了让我们的国家更加强大，每个人都必须作出贡献。③(牛津词典)Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡5，000__________theearthquakefund.那位作家亲自捐赠了5000英镑给地震基金。④Iamsureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto__________(solve)theproblem.我确信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。contributionstosolving[巧学活用]——用contribute的适当形式或短语完成小片段Manypeople___________________thepoorboy,which___________________hisreturningtoschool.Awriterwrotethisstoryand________________ittoamagazine.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校园。一个作家把这个故事写了下来，并给一家杂志投稿。contributedmoneytocontributedtocontributeddefeatvt.击败；战胜；使落空n．击败，战胜；失败(教材P22)ThemostimportantcontributionwasfromtheNormans,aFrenchspeakingpeoplewhodefeatedEnglandandtookcontrolofthecountryin1066.最大的贡献来自讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年击败了英格兰并控制了这个国家。①Damagedbutnotdefeated，hewasstillaheadofme.虽然受了伤，但是没有被打垮，他仍然是超越我的。②Asisexpected,ourbaseballteamhassufferedanotherdefeat.正如所预料的一样，我们的棒球队再次失败了。beat可接sb.或team/class/school等作宾语，多指在比赛、竞选或辩论中战胜对手defeat用法与beat相似，但defeat还可指在战争中“击败”敌军win后接sth.作宾语，如：game/war/prize/love/respect等[巧学活用]——用上述词汇的适当形式填空(1)They__________theinvadersbutlostmanymen.(2)Hesoon__________areputationforhimself.(3)Idon’tdoubtthatwe’ll______________Class2inthismatch.defeatedwonbeat/defeatreplacevt.替换，代替，取代；更换；把……放回原处(教材P22)However,theNormanConquestdidnotaffectEnglishasmuchastheAnglesandtheSaxons’victoryabout600yearsearlier,whichledtoOldEnglishreplacingCeltic.然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语代替了凯尔特语。(1)replace＝taketheplaceof...代替，取代replace...with/by...(用……)替换；(以……)接替(2)replaceableadj.可替换的；可代替的replacementn.替换，替代品，接替者(3)inplaceof代替；取代①Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。②Wehadtokeeptrackofourbelongings，andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.我们必须看好自己的财物，如果它丢失了，就是无法取代的。③Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplaced__________amodernhotelornot.老汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆代替仍然在讨论之中。with/by[巧学活用]——一句多译找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。(1)Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman___________________________________．(2)Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman__________________________________．(3)Itwouldbedifficulttofindamanto___________________________________．inplaceofthepresentmanagertoreplacethepresentmanagertaketheplaceofthepresentmanagerraisevt.养育，培养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及(教材P23)Therefore,thewordsweuseformostanimalsraisedforfood,suchascow,sheepandpig,camefromOldEnglish.因此，我们使用的作为食物类饲养的大部分动物的单词，例如：cow(母牛)，sheep(绵羊)和pig(猪)等，来自古英语。raisemoney筹钱raisequestions提问题raisedoubts引起怀疑①RaisedinthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地方长大(被养大),他成为一个足球明星的道路漫长而又艰辛。②Lastweekourschoolhadabigfairinorderto____________foracharity.上周我们学校举行了大型义卖会，为一个慈善机构筹款。③Wemustraisethelivingstandardofpeople.我们必须提高人们的生活水平。④AtthattimeIthoughtIcouldneverraisemyheadagain.那时我想我可能再也抬不起头了。raisemoneyOnMondaymorning,wewerewatchingthechildrenraisingthenationalflag,andwesawitrisingslowlyinthewind.星期一早上，我们在观看孩子们升国旗，我们看到国旗在风中徐徐升起。raise是及物动词，后面要带宾语，还可表抽象意义，如提高政治觉悟、生活水平、地位等rise为不及物动词，说明主语自身移向较高的位置，通常指日、月、星辰的升起arise产生，发生，出现[巧学活用]——用上述词汇的适当形式填空(1)Weenjoyedthesightonthetopofthehill,withthesun__________intheeast.(2)I’veneverheardhimevenhe__________hisvoice.(3)Lastyear,theadvertisingrate__________by20%.(4)Wekeeptheminformedofanychangesasthey__________．risingraisedrosearisebemadeupof由……组成(构成)(教材P22)TheEnglishlanguageismadeupofthegrammarandvocabularythesepeoplebroughttoBritain.英语是由进入不列颠的这些人所说语言的语法和词汇构成的。bemadeof由……制成(看得出原材料)bemadefrom由……制成(看不出原材料)bemadein在……(地方)制造bemadeinto制成……bemadeupof由……组成①TheAmericanCongressismadeupoftheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.美国国会由众议院和参议院组成。②Trulyelegantchopsticksmightbemade__________goldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.真正考究的筷子可能是由具有中国特色的金或银制成的。③Wineismade__________grapesandgrapescanbemade__________wine.葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的，葡萄可制成葡萄酒。offromintomakeup还有“编造；凑数；弥补；化妆；准备(床铺等)”含义。Ourclassismadeupoffortystudents.Somegirlsinourclasslikemakingupsomuchthattheyareoftenlateforclasses.Whenourteachersaskthereason,theyusu