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SectionⅢGrammar—直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)探究发现1．HesaidtoAnn,“Tellmeyourproblem.”→HetoldAnntotellhimherproblem.2．Davidsaidtome,“Leavetheroomquietly.”→Davidorderedmetoleavetheroomquietly.3．“Couldyoupleasearriveby8：00？”sheasked.→Sheaskedmetoarriveby8：00.4．“Becarefulwiththedog,boys，”shesaid.→Shewarnedtheboystobecarefulwiththedog.5．“Don'tworkinbed,Tom，”shesaid.→ShetoldTomnottoworkinbed.[我的发现]如果直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常采用“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有tell,order,ask,warn，如句1～4。如果转述的祈使句为否定式，则在加not，如句5。不定式前一、祈使句的直接引语变间接引语祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词＋宾语＋动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask,tell,beg,warn,remind,advise,order等。1．引述表示命令的祈使句，变间接引语时常采用ask/tell/ordersb.todosth.的形式。2．当直接引语为表示建议、提议的祈使句或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句时，多采用“suggest＋doing/that从句(若suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”，should也可省略)，offertodo和ask/advise/wantsb.＋todo”等结构。3．引述表示请求的祈使句，常用ask,beg等词转述。4．引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind,warn等词转述。即时演练1将下列句子改为间接引语①“Followhisinstructions，”shesaidtome.→Shemehisinstructions.②Theofficersaid,“Goaway.”→Theofficerusaway.③“Dosomeshoppingforme,please，”hesaidtoher.→Hehersomeshoppingforhim.④Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”→ThemotherTomupearly.toldtofolloworderedtogoasked/beggedtodoaskedtoget⑤Jacksaid,“Let'sgotothecinematonight.”→Jackthatwetothecinemathatnight.→Jackourtothecinemathatnight.⑥Johnsaid,“WhynotinviteMarytotheparty？”→JohnmeMarytotheparty.suggested(should)gosuggestedgoingadvisedtoinvite二、感叹句的直接引语变间接引语直接引语为感叹句时，间接引语可用what或how引导，也可以用that引导。[点津]有些感叹句的转述要根据原句的意思采用适当的动词变为陈述句。即时演练2将下列句子改为间接引语①“Whatalovelygirlsheis！”hesaid.→Hesaidwhat.→Hesaidthat.→Hesaidhow.②Myteacheralwayssaid,“Whataninterestingandchallengingjobteachingis！”→Myteacheralwayssaid.→Myteacheralwayssaid.→Myteacheralwayssaidthat.alovelygirlshewasshewasalovelygirllovelyagirlshewaswhataninterestingandchallengingjobteachingwashowinterestingandchallengingajobteachingwasteachingwasaninterestingandchallengingjob三、其他需要注意的几个问题1．直接引语中的称呼语变为间接引语时，一般把它当作宾语用。2．无论是否定祈使句，还是表委婉语气的否定疑问句，在变为间接引语时，要用不定式的否定形式：not/nevertodosth.结构。3．祈使句直接引语变间接引语时，人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语及直接引语中从句的时态应根据陈述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。即时演练3将下列句子改为间接引语①“Don'tplaywithfire,littleboys，”thepolicemansaid.→Thepolicemantoldthelittleboysfire.②“Pleasedon'tdoitagain，”hesaid.→Hemeitagain.③Mikeasked,“Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice,Bob？”→Mikethewaytothepostoffice.nottoplaywithaskednottodoaskedBobtotellhim[链接高考]单句语法填空1.(天津高考改编)SheaskedmeIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn't.2．(湖南高考改编)Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou,foryoucannevertellcloseyoumaybetovictory.3．(四川高考改编)Ourteachersalwaystellus(believe)inwhatwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.whether/ifhowtobelieve[演练提能]Ⅰ.将下列直接引语变为间接引语1．Theteachersaid,“Keepquiet,children.”→Theteachertold.2．Thedoctorsaidtome,“Don'tdrinktoomuch.”→Thedoctoradvised.3．Tomsaid,“Whataheavyrain！”→Tomsaid.→Tomsaid.→Tomsaid.thechildrentokeepquietmenottodrinktoomuchwhataheavyrainitwashowheavytherainwasthatitwasaheavyrain4．“Let'sgotothecountryforapicnic.”Petersaidtome.→Peteradvisedmeforapicnicwithhim.→Petersuggestedforapicnic.5．“Givemeahand,please，”shesaidtotheboy.→Sheaskedtheboy.6．Hesaidtoher,“Iftheboyrefusestohelp,tellhisfather.”→Headvisedherhisfatheriftheboy.7．“Don'ttellhimthenews，”shesaidtome.→Shetoldmehimthenews.togotothecountrygoingtothecountrytogiveherahandtotellrefusedtohelpnottotell8．Theshopassistantsaidtome,“CanIhelpyou？”→Theshopassistantaskedmewhether.9．“Relax,please，”thedoctorsaidtotheyoungmother.→Thedoctorasked.10．Theteachersaidtotheboystudents,“Don'tplayfootballonthegrass.”→Theteachertoldtheboystudentsonthegrass.shecouldhelpmetheyoungmothertorelaxnottoplayfootballⅡ.完成句子1．Theteachertoldthestudentwhathesaid.老师让这个学生记下他所说的话。2．Sheaskedhimallthenumbers.她要求他把所有的数字都加起来。3．Thefathertoldhischildrenthatactivity.父亲告诉孩子们不要参加那个活动。4．Themanagerorderedhisworkers.经理命令工人们放弃这项计划。5．Theguideadvisedthetouristandstartout.导游建议游客打包好并且启程。tosetdowntoaddupnottojoinintogiveuptheplantopackup6．Thechairmansuggestedweandworkhardtoachieveourgoal.主席建议我们应该友好相处，并且努力工作来实现我们的目标。7．Pleaseasktheneighbours.请叫邻居们不要这样喧哗。8．Shebeggedherfather.她请求她的父亲原谅她。9．Thewiferemindedherhusbandtomailtheletter.妻子提醒丈夫不要忘了寄信。10．Themotherwarnedherchildthewater.妈妈告诫孩子不要太靠近水边。(should)getalongwellwitheachothernottomakesomuchnoisetoforgivehernottoforgetnottogettooclosetoⅢ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Sallyisagoodstudent.Shedoeswellinallher__1__(subject).Youmustwonder__2__shecanstudysowell.Letmetellyousomethingabouthergoodstudyhabits.First,Sallyspendstwohours__3__(study)afterschooleveryday.Andshealwaysstudiesfromseventonineonschedule.Sallyisavery__4__(determine)girl,sonothingcanstopherdoingthat.Second,ifSallywantstostartstudying,firstshe__5__(put)everythingthathasnothingtodowithherstudyingaside,likethecellphone.And__6__(actual)thereareonlybooksleftonherdesk.Third,Sallynever__7__(leave)herproblemstillnextday.Whenshemeetssomedifficultproblemsandshecan'twork__8__out,shewillmakearequesttoothers__9__help.Shedoesn'twait__10__(do)themnextday.WhatdoyouthinkofSally'sstudyhabits?Youcanhaveatry.Ihopetheywillbehelpfultoyou.语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章向我们介绍了好学生Sally的三个良好的学习习惯。1．subjects根据前面的“Shedoeswellinallher”可知，此空填subject的复数形式。2．how根据