2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 English around the world Se

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld2英语是一种使用很广泛的语言,英语的历史真正起源于公元5世纪其他民族到达英国。ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagereallystartedwhenotherpeoplesarrivedinEnglandduringthe5thcentury.OldEnglish3TheinvadingGermansspokesimilarlanguages,whichinBritaindevelopedintowhatwenowcallOldEnglish.OldEnglishdidn'tsoundorlooklikeEnglishtoday.NativeEnglishspeakersnowwouldhavegreatdifficultyunderstandingOldEnglish.However,abouthalfofthemostcommonlyusedwordsinModernEnglishhaveOldEnglishroots.MiddleEnglish4In1066,theNormaninvadedandconqueredEngland.TheyalsobroughtwiththemakindofFrench,whichbecamethelanguageoftherulingandbusinessclasses.Foraperiod,thelowerclassesspokeEnglishandtheupperclassesspokeFrench.Inthe14thcentury,Englishbecamedominant(占优势的)inBritainagain,withmanyFrenchwordsadded.ThislanguageiscalledMiddleEnglish.LateModernEnglish5ThemaindifferencebetweenEarlyModernEnglishandLateModernEnglishisvocabulary.LateModernEnglishhasmanymorewords,resultingfromtwomainfactors:firstly,technologydevelopmentcreatedaneedfornewwords;secondly,theBritishEmpireatitsheightcoveredonequarteroftheearth'ssurface,andtheEnglishlanguageusedforeignwordsfrommanycountries.NowtherearemanyothervarietiesofEnglishintheworld,suchasAustralianEnglish,NewZealandEnglish,CanadianEnglish,SouthAfricanEnglish,IndianEnglishandCaribbeanEnglish.6[阅读障碍词]1.invadevt.&vi.侵入,侵略2.rootn.根,根源v.生根3.upperadj.地位较高的,上面的4.factorn.因素5.varietyn.多样,种类,多样化7[诱思导读]阅读短文,回答问题1.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?2.What'sthemaindifferencebetweenEarlyModernEnglishandLateModernEnglish?ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage..Vocabulary8SectionⅠWarmingUp,Prereading&Reading9新生词汇初识10Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.officialA.adv.实际上;事实上()2.nativeB.adj.本国的;本地的n.本地(国)人()3.apartmentC.n.汽油()4.actuallyD.adj.官方的;正式的;公务的()5.graduallyE.n.本身;本体;身份11()6.vocabularyF.adv.常常;频繁地()7.identityG.adv.逐渐地;逐步地()8.fluentH.adj.流利的;流畅的()9.frequentlyI.n.词汇;词汇量;词表()10.petrolJ.n.公寓住宅;单元住宅[答案]1-5DBJAG6-10IEHFC12Ⅱ.选择下列句中相应词语的汉语意思A.因为;由于B.走近;提出C.建立在……基础之上D.目前;现在E.利用;使用F.例如;像这样的13()1.Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopiniononfacts.()2.Thequestionhasn'tcomeupyet.()3.Icanlendyouthreebookstoreadatpresent.()4.Iknowmanyofthem,suchasJohn,Peter,andTom.()5.Shehadtostayhomebecauseofherson'sillness.()6.Weshouldmakegooduseofourtime.[答案]1-6CBDFAE14教材语篇细研15THEROADTOMODERNENGLISHAttheendof①the16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyages②(航行;航海)toconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.16现代英语的发展历程16世纪末期,大约有五百万到七百万人说英语。几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。后来,在17世纪,英国人开始航海并征服世界的其他地方,因此,英语在许多其他国家使用。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了,他们有的是作为第一语言来说,有的是作为第二语言或外语。17[助读讲解]①attheendof在……尽头,在……结束时。②makevoyages/makeavoyageto航海/航行去……18Native(本国的;本地的)Englishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?AmericanAmy:Yes.I'dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime③?Actually(实际;事实上)alllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEngland④betweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfrom⑤theEnglishspokentoday.Itwasbased(以……为根据)moreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakat19present.Thengradually(逐渐地;逐步地)betweenaboutAD800and1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanish(丹麦语)andlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary(词汇;词汇量).Sobythe1600'sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.20以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。看这个示例:英国的贝蒂:你想去看看我的公寓吗?美国的艾米:是的,我想去拜访你的公寓。那么,为什么英语经过一段时间发生了变化呢?事实上,当不同文化互相交流渗透时,所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。起初,大约在公元450年到公元1150年期间,英国人所说的英语与现在所说的英语很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。然后21逐渐地在大约公元800年到1150年,英语变得不再那么像德语了,因为那时的英国统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新定居者丰富了英语语言尤其是它的词汇。所以到17世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年一些英国人到美国定居。后来在18世纪一些英国人也被带到了澳大利亚。英语开始在这两个国家使用。22[助读讲解]③overtime=astimegoesby随着时间的推移。④过去分词短语spokeninEngland作后置定语,修饰theEnglish。⑤bedifferentfrom与……不同23Finallybythe19thcenturythelanguagewassettled⑥.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspelling(拼写;拼法)happened:firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.Thelatter⑦gaveaseparateidentity(本身;本体)toAmericanEnglishspelling.最后在19世纪这种语言确定下来。那时,英语在拼写上发生了两大变化:首先塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了词典,后来,诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》。后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。24[助读讲解]⑥settlev.确定,解决,定居。⑦thelatter后者。25EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.Forexample,Indiahasaverylargenumberoffluent(频繁的;常见的)EnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.EnglishisalsospokeninSingapore(新加坡)andMalaysia(马来西亚)andcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.Todaythenumberof⑧peoplelearningEnglishinChina⑨isincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?O

1 / 37
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功