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Unit2CloningSectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1.___________adj.商业的；贸易的2.________________adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的3._____________n.突破4.__________n.程序；步骤；手续commercialstraightforwardbreakthroughprocedure5._____vt.扔；投；掷6.___________adv.总共；完全地7._______vt.获得；赢得8._______vt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)castaltogetherobtainattain拓展词汇9._______vi.不同；相异→differentadj.不同的；与众不同的→differencen．差异；区别→differentlyadv.不同地10.__________vt.着手；从事；承担→undertook(过去式)→undertaken(过去分词)11.___________n．改正；修正；纠正→correctvt.改正；纠正differundertakecorrection12._______vi.不赞成；反对→objectionn．不赞成；反对；异议13._______n．媒介；手段；工具→media(复数)14._______vt.禁止；不准；阻止；妨碍→forbade/forbad(过去式)→forbidden(过去分词)15.___________vt.&vi.积累；聚积→accumulationn．积累objectmediumforbidaccumulate重点短语1.____________确切地说2．________得到好结果；取得成功；偿清3．__________使沮丧；使失望4．____________________适合于……的5．__________________另一方面6．__________反对；不赞成7．____________________对……有重大影响8．_____________赞成；支持tobeexactpayoffcastdownbeappropriatetosth.ontheotherhandobjecttohaveagreatimpactoninfavourof重点句型1.并列连词while意为“却，而，然而”，表示对比Cloningplantsisstraightforward______cloninganimalsisverycomplicated.克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。2．then位于句首引起完全倒装；that引导同位语从句_____camethedisturbingnews_____Dollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。whileThenthat3．在“主语＋be＋某些形容词＋不定式”结构中，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearch________________________，newspaperswroteofevilleadershopingtoclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions.尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸上报道说，有些邪恶的头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。aredifficulttoobtain4．wonderwhether/if...“想知道……”However,scientistsstill_______________cloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus.然而，科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向何方感到困惑。wonderwhether联想微空间1.“承担”种种①undertakeduty承担义务②undertakejob承担工作③undertakemission承担使命④undertaketask承担任务⑤undertakeapost担任职务2．巧记合成名词①breakthrough→breakthroughn.突破②breakout→outbreakn.爆发③breakdown→breakdownn.故障；(关系)破裂④falldown→downfalln.垮台⑤putout→outputn.产量；输出⑥gettogether→gettogethern.聚会3．altogetheradv.总共；完全地[同义]entirely,wholly,totally，completely,thoroughly,all[反义]partially,partly4．表示“量”的增减的相关动词小结①accumulatevt.&vi.积累；聚积②increasevt.&vi.增长；增加；提高③enlargevt.&vi.扩大；放大④expandvt.&vi.扩大；膨胀⑤shrinkvt.&vi.收缩；缩小⑥reducevt.&vi.减少研词汇析句型练拓展4要点透析1．differvi.不同；相异[教材原文]Thinkabouthowtheydiffer.想一想他(它)们怎么不同。[归纳拓展]differfrom＝bedifferentfrom与……不同differin在……方面不同differwithsb.onsth.关于某事与某人意见不同[基础训练]——单句语法填空①Icannotseewheretheydiffer_____eachother.Tometheylookexactlyalike.②Thetwogirlsaresimilarinappearance,buttheydiffer___voiceanddisposition.③Idifferwithhim___thatpoint,thoughhemayberight.frominon2．forbidvt.禁止；不准[教材原文]Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning,butothercountrieslikeChinaandtheUK,continuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是其他国家，如中国和英国，则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供大量医疗救助的证据。[归纳拓展]forbidsb.sth.禁止某人拥有某物forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事God/Heavenforbid(that...)但愿这事不发生[基础训练]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Myfatherforbade________(smoke)duringofficehours.②Asisknowntous,thestudents______________(forbid)tostayoutafter11p．m.③Photographyisstrictlyforbadeinthemuseum.___________________[能力提升]——句式升级④Wewereforbiddenfromgoingout,sowehadtostayathome.→_________________________，wehadtostayathome.smokingareforbiddenforbade→forbiddenForbiddenfromgoingout3．objectionn．不赞成；反对；异议[教材原文]Ontheotherhand,Dolly'sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。[归纳拓展](1)raise/voiceanobjectionto...对……提出异议Thereisnoobjectionto...不反对；对……无异议havenoobjectionto(doing)sth.不反对(做)……(2)objectv.不赞成；反对；抗议objectto(doing)sth.反对/抗议(做)某事(3)objectiveadj.如实的；客观的；无偏见的[温馨提示]objection/objectto中的to为介词。[基础训练]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Weobjectto_____________(blame)forwhatwehaven'tdone.②Ifirmlyobjecttheplanheputforward._____________beingblamedobject后加to[能力提升]——一句多译就我个人而言，我反对停车收费。③Inmyview,I_____________________________forparking.(objection)④AsfarasI'mconcerned,I___________________forparking.(object)⑤Inmyopinion,I____________________________________forparking.(oppose/opposed)haveanobjectiontochargingobjecttochargingamopposedtocharging/opposecharging4．payoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清；付清工资后解雇；遣散[教材原文]Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaidoffin1996withabreakthrough—thecloningofDollythesheep.但是，决心和耐心最终使科学家们于1996年取得了突破性的结果——克隆羊“多莉”。[归纳拓展]payback还钱；报复payup付清；还清payfor付……的款项；因……而付出代价payout付巨款[基础训练]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Whatdelightedhimwasthatheatlastpaid____allhisdebts.②ThatIcanpayforthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.__________[能力提升]——完成句子③我想邀请你参观剪纸展览。____________________________thepapercuttingexhibition.offfor→backI'dliketoinviteyoutopayavisitto5．castdown沮丧；不愉快[教材原文]CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly'sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.研究克隆的科学家们发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。[归纳拓展]castabout苦苦思索；四处寻找castaside把……丢在一旁castaway(船遇难后幸存者)流落某处castoff解缆；丢弃caston起针；放针[基础训练]——单句语法填空①Anybodywouldbecast_____bysuchbadnews.②Shecast______howshecouldavoidwork.③AssoonashegotanewTVset,hecast______theoldone.④Thetownis