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SomeanimalsthathavebeenclonedCloninghasalwaysbeenwithusandisheretostay.Scientistshavebeeneffectively①cloninganimalssincetheearly1960s.AnAsiancarpwasclonedsuccessfullyin1963.Dollysawthelightofdayin1997.Sheliveduntiltheageofsix.Thefirstclonedmammal,Dollyisconsideredtobeagreatsuccess.Later,severalhundredotherDollieswerecloned.However,itlivedforonly6years,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.ClonedinHawaiiin2000,thefirstsuccessfulmouseclonewasborn.Sheliveduntiltheripe②oldageoftwoyearsandsevenmonths,avictoryforherresearchers.ClonedinJapanin1998,thecowspaved③thewayforotherclonesdesignedtoproducebettermeatandmilk.In2000,thesuccessfulcloningofOmbrettatheMouflon,anendangeredanimal,proved④howcloningcouldrescue⑤aspeciesfromthebrinkofextinction.Themonkeyandthepigalsoreceivedtheirfirstcloneseparatelyin2000.Inthenexttwoyears,scientistsclonedrabbits,catsandrats.Mulesaresterile⑥.Amulewasclonedin2003.Itisthefirstanimalwhichlacksfecundity⑦tobecloned.Thoughcloningiscontroversial⑧，nothingcanholdbackthedevelopmentoftechnology.[多积词汇]①effectivelyadv.有效地②ripeadj.成熟的③pavev.为……铺路④provev.证明⑤rescuev.拯救⑥sterileadj.不能生育的⑦fecundityn.生育能力⑧controversialadj.有争议的；有争论的[读文清障][原文呈现]CLONING：WHEREISITLEADINGUS?Cloninghasalwaysbeenwithusandisheretostay.Itisawayofmakinganexact①copyof②anotheranimalorplant.Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttings③fromgrowingplantstomakenewones.①exact/Iɡ'zækt/adj.精确的；准确的②makeacopyof(＝copy)复制ofmaking...作way的定语。③cutting/'kʌtIŋ/n.剪枝；剪报；剪纸SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Prereading[读文清障][原文呈现]Italsohappensinanimalswhentwins④identical⑤insexandappearanceareproducedfromthesameoriginalegg.Thefactisthatthesearebothexamplesofnaturalclones⑥.④twin/twIn/n.双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj.成对的；成双的⑤identical/aI'dentIkl/adj.同一的；一模一样的⑥Thefactisthat...中，that引导表语从句。克隆：它将把我们引向何方？[第1段译文]克隆一直与我们同在，而且它还要持续下去。这是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方法。当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时，就会产生这种现象。这种现象也发生在动物身上，从同一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。实际上，这些都是自然克隆现象的例子。[读文清障][原文呈现]Cloninghastwomajoruses.Firstly,gardenersuseitallthetime⑦toproducecommercial⑧quantitiesof⑨plants.Secondly,itisvaluableforresearchonnewplantspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.Cloningplantsisstraightforward⑩while⑪cloninganimalsisverycomplicated⑫.⑦allthetime一直⑧commercial/kə'mɜːʃl/adj.商业的；贸易的⑨quantitiesof“大量的”；修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。⑩straightforward/ˌstreIt'fɔːwəd/adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的⑪while在此表示“而；却”，是并列连词，表示对比关系。⑫complicated/'kɒmplIkeItId/adj.复杂的；难懂的[读文清障][原文呈现]Itisadifficulttasktoundertake⑬.Manyattemptstoclonemammals⑭failed.Butatlast⑮thedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaidoff⑯in1996withabreakthrough⑰—thecloningofDollythesheep.Theprocedure⑱workslikethis：⑬undertake/ˌʌndə'teIk/vt.(undertook;undertaken)着手；从事；承担不定式短语toundertake作定语，修饰task。⑭不定式短语toclonemammals作定语，修饰attempts。⑮Firstly...Secondly...atlast...“首先……其次……最后……”，表示论述顺序。⑯payoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清⑰breakthrough/'breIkθruː/n.突破⑱procedure/prə'siːdʒə/n.程序；步骤；手续[读文清障][原文呈现]⑲nucleus/'njuːklIəs/n.原子核；中心⑳remove...from...将……从……移走○21somatic/səʊ'mætIk/adj.躯体的；肉体的；细胞体的○22过去分词短语neededto...作定语，修饰genes。1FemalesheepAprovidesaneggcell.2Thenucleus⑲isremovedfrom⑳theeggcell.3Theeggcellisreadyforanewnucleus.4FemalesheepBprovidesasomatic○21cellfortheclone.Thenucleusofthiscellcontainsallthegenesneededtoproduceanewsheep○22.[读文清障][原文呈现]○23现在分词短语usingelectricity作方式状语。○24embryo/'embrIəʊ/n.胚；胚胎；萌芽时期○25carrier/'kærIə/n.携带者；搬运工；运输工具○26who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词femalesheepC。○27donatevt.捐赠；捐献○28which引导定语从句，修饰SheepB。5Thenucleusistakenoutofthesomaticcell.6ThenucleusfromsheepBandtheeggcellfromsheepAarejoinedusingelectricity○23.7Thecelldividesandgrowsintoanembryo○24.8TheembryoisputintofemalesheepC,whobecomesthecarrier○25oftheclone○26.9Thelambisthecloneofthedonated○27cellfromSheepBwhichprovidedthenucleus○28.[第2段译文]克隆技术有两个主要用途。第一，园艺师一直用它生产大量的供商用的植物；第二，它在对新植物物种的研究以及对动物的医学研究方面都是有价值的。克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。这是一项很难完成的任务。克隆哺乳动物的多次尝试都失败了。但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果——克隆羊“多莉”。它的程序如下所示：1母羊A提供一个卵细胞。2将卵细胞中的细胞核取出。3卵细胞准备接受新的细胞核。4母羊B提供一个供克隆的体细胞，该细胞的细胞核包含生产一头新羊所需要的全部基因。5取出该体细胞的细胞核。6用电将母羊B的体细胞核和母羊A的卵细胞结合起来。7细胞分裂并生长成胚胎。8把胚胎置入另外一头母羊C体内，母羊C就是克隆羊的代孕。9这头小羔羊就是由提供细胞核的母羊B所提供的细胞克隆而成的。[读文清障][原文呈现]○29ontheonehand...一方面……○30thatsheseemedtodevelopnormally是fact的同位语。○31Thencamethedisturbingnewsthat...中，then位于句首引起完全倒装。本句中的news与thatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill是同位关系。Ontheonehand○29，thewholescientificworldfollowedtheprogressofthefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormally○30wasveryencouraging.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill○31.[读文清障][原文呈现]○32cast/kɑːst/vt.(cast，cast)扔；投；掷castdown使失望；使沮丧○33beappropriateto适合于……的；与……相称的○34altogether/ˌɔːltə'ɡeðə/adv.总共；完全地○35arbitrary/'ɑːbItrərI/adj.任意的○36fate/feIt/n.命运；天命Cloningscientistswerecastdown○32tofindthatDolly'sillnessesweremoreappropriateto○33amucholderanimal.Altogether○34Dollylivedsixandahalfyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Sadlythesamearbitrary○35fate○36affectedotherspecies,[读文清障][原文呈现]suchasclonedmice.Thequestionsthatconcernedallscientists○37were：“Wouldthisbeamajordifficultyforallclonedanimals?Wouldithappenforever?Coulditbesolvedifcorrections○38weremadeintheirresearchproce