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SectionⅢGrammar—主谓一致语法图解探究发现①FollowingJane'swayofstudyingchimps,ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.②Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.③Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeofthetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.④Janewarnsusthatourgroupisgoingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.⑤TenhourshaspassedsinceIcamehere.[我的发现](1)句①中group强调成员，故其后谓语动词用形式；句③中的family和句④中的group强调整体，故其后谓语动词用形式。(2)句②中的主语为动名词短语，故其谓语动词使用第三人称______形式。(3)表示时间、距离、金额、度量衡等名词作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用形式，如句⑤。复数单数单数单数谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主谓一致。主谓一致的应用主要有以下几种情况：一、名词作主语主语谓语动词可数名词单数或不可数名词单数可数名词复数复数只表示复数意义的集体名词people,police,cattle等复数family,class,group,team类集体名词强调整体单数强调成员复数主语谓语动词只作不可数名词用的集体名词clothing,equipment,furniture,jewellery等单数单复数同形的名词means,sheep,works,deer,fish等根据其表达的单复数意义而定只有复数形式的名词goods,clothes,remains,earnings等复数Tomhaseggsandmilkforbreakfast.汤姆早餐吃鸡蛋，喝牛奶。Hisfamilyisgoingtomove.他家准备搬走。WhenIvisitedthemyesterday,thefamilywerehavingdinner.昨天当我拜访他们时，他们一家人正在吃饭。即时演练1用所给动词的适当形式填空①Land(be)valuable.Notaninchofland(be)allowedtowaste.②Thechildren(be)veryfondofplayingfarmgames.③Cattlemainly(feed)ongrass.④Theequipmentofourfactory(be)allimportedfromBritain.⑤Eachmeans(have)beentriedtosolvetheproblem,butnoneiseffective.⑥Myclothes(be)boughtatadiscountof10%.isisarefeedishaswere二、数量概念词作主语主语谓语动词表示单位数量，指时间、金钱、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语用于整体概念单数therest/majority(of)及分数、百分数等根据所指代或修饰的名词而定anumberof＋可数名词复数复数thenumberof＋可数名词复数单数quantitiesof根据quantity的形式而定morethanone/manya＋可数名词单数单数oneof＋可数名词复数单数Fourkilometresisnotveryfar.四公里不算远。Therestofthefreshwaterhasbeenshippedtothecity.剩下的淡水已被送入城中。Morethanonepersonisinvolvedinthematter.不止一个人被牵扯到这一事件中。[点津](1)“more＋复数名词＋thanone”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Morechildrenthanoneareplayingintheshadeofthetree.不止一个孩子在树荫下玩耍。(2)在“oneof＋复数名词/代词＋定语从句”结构中，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式。只有one之前出现theonly,thevery等修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词才用单数形式。试比较：Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.他是通过这次考试的学生之一。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.他是唯一通过这次考试的学生。即时演练22－1.对比填空(用be动词的适当形式填空)①Anumberofnewhouses______builttherethreeyearsago.②Thenumberofthestudentsintheclasssixty.③Largequantitiesofoilspillingintothesealastyear.④Therestofthelecturedull.⑤Therestofthebicyclesonsaletoday.wereiswereisare2－2.用所给动词的适当形式填空⑥Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.⑦Morethanonewhiterose(have)bloomed.isbeingbuilthas三、不定代词作主语主语谓语动词either,each(of),anyone,somebody,everything,noone等单数both/few/many/several(of)等复数all/some/most(of)指代或修饰可数名词复数复数指代或修饰不可数名词单数none(of)指代或修饰可数名词复数单、复数均可指代或修饰不可数名词单数Eachofthebooksisworthreading.每本书都值得读。Bothofthesistersaredoctors.姐妹俩都是医生。Noneofthemis/areawareofthedanger.他们中没有人意识到危险。即时演练3完成句子①Allreachanagreement.大家都急于达成一项协议。②Allthatendswell.结果好，一切都好。③Noneofthebooks.这些书中没有一本属于我。areeagertoiswellbelongs/belongtome④Allasmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的果树。weneedis四、并列结构作主语主语谓语动词由both...and...连接复数由either...or...,neither...nor...,or,notonly...butalso...,not...but...连接就近一致Botheggsandmilkaregoodforyourhealth.鸡蛋和牛奶对你的健康都有好处。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwantstogoclimbing.不仅是学生，老师也想去爬山。[点津](1)and连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词前没有冠词。(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no,each,every,manya等修饰，谓语动词要用单数。Thewriterandpoetwasdeadyesterday.那位作家兼诗人昨天去世了。(同一个人，注意poet前无冠词。)AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。Everyhourandeveryminuteisimportant.每一小时和每一分钟都很重要。即时演练4用所给动词的适当形式填空①Everysightandeverysound(be)adelighttothesenses.②Notonlyhebutalsoallhisfamily(be)keenonconcerts.③EithertheyorI(be)responsiblefortheresultofthematter.④Thegirl'steacherandfriend(be)ayoungdoctor.⑤NotJackbuthisparents(be)toblameforthehomeaccident.is/wasareamisare五、其他情况情况谓语动词主语后有with,like,along/togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan类短语与主语一致therebe句式中就近一致不定式、动名词作主语通常为单数主语从句作主语通常为单数定语从句中关系代词作主语与先行词一致Theteacher,togetherwithallhisstudents,isgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊。Thereissomepaper,adictionaryandfivebooksonthedesk.桌子上有一些纸、一部字典和五本书。Readingoftenmeanslearning.读书常意味着学习。Iwillalwaystreasurethemomentsthatwerefullofpleasures.我将永远珍惜充满欢乐的那些时光。[点津](1)多个不定式、动名词作主语表示不同概念时，谓语动词用复数。(2)what引导主语从句时，谓语动词根据从句所指的内容而定。Whathesaidhasbeenrecorded.他说的话已被录音。WhatIsayandthinkarenoneofyourbusiness.我说什么、想什么与你无关。即时演练55－1.用所给动词的适当形式填空①Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudentsaround$8,450ayear,whichaburdenforsomeofthem.(be)②Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,________(be)interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.areiswas5－2.完成句子③I,who,willtrymybesttohelpyouwithyourstudy.我，作为你的老师，将尽力在学习上帮助你。④Topreventtheairfrombeingpolluted__________________________.防止空气污染是我们正在研究的课题。⑤Whethertheywillholdapartyornot___.他们还没有决定是否开派对。amyourteacheriswhatwe'renowresearchinghasnotbeendecided用所给动词的适当形式填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements...3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI(m