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GreatWomen,GreatQualityWehavetoadmitthatgreatnessinwomanhoodisanancientandmodernquality.Theyventure,theydare,andtheyhavecouragetobeginnewthings.Theyhavefaith①intheirworkbecausetheyknowtheyworkforthegoodoftheirqualityandfrominborninstincts(本能)．Thefollowingaretwotypicalexamplesofgreatwomen.MarieCurieisbestknownfordiscoveringtheradioactiveelements—polonium(钋)andradiumandastheonlywomantowintwoNobelPrizes.Shedidnotpatent②herdiscoveriesbutmadethemavailable③toeveryone.SheencouragedtheuseofXraysformedicaltreatment,butshewasnotsufficiently④awareofthedangersofradiumanddiedofleukemia(白血病)broughtonbytoomuchcontact⑤withradium.FlorenceNightingalewasthedaughterofawealthyBritishlandowner,WilliamNightingale.Shewantedtobecomeanurse,butitwasnotconsideredaproperprofessionforayoungladyatthattime.In1851Florence'sfathergaveherpermission⑥totrainasanurseandin1853shewenttoCrimeatohelpthesoldiersduringthewar.Thereshebecameknownas“theladywiththelamp”fortheconcernsheshowedtothesicksoldiers.BackinEngland,shestartedworkingtoimprovethetrainingandstatus⑦ofnurses.Sheisconsideredapioneer⑧ofnursingcare.[多积词汇]①faithn.信念；信任②patentvt.获得……的专利n.专利；专利品③availableadj.可利用的；可获得的④sufficientlyadv.充分地；足够地⑤contactn.联系⑥permissionn.允许；许可⑦statusn.地位；状态⑧pioneern.先驱SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Prereading[读文清障][原文呈现]ASTUDENT①OFAFRICANWILDLIFEItis5：45amandthesunisjustrisingoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.FollowingJane'swayofstudyingchimps②，①student在此不作“学生”讲，而是“研究者”“学者”的意思。②现在分词短语followingJane'swayofstudyingchimps作方式状语。[读文清障][原文呈现]ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.Janehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehave③likehumans.Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeup④isourfirstactivityoftheday.Thismeansgoing⑤backtotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore⑥.③behave/bI'heIv/vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现behaveoneself/well守规矩/举止得体behaviour/bI'heIvjə/n.(＝behavior)行为；举止；习性④动名词短语watchingafamily...作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。⑤meandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事⑥where引导的定语从句修饰theplace。在定语从句中现在分词短语sleepinginatree作后置定语。[读文清障][原文呈现]Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeof⑦thetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff⑧.Thenwefollowastheywanderintotheforest.Mostofthetime,chimpseitherfeedorcleaneachotherasawayofshowingloveintheirfamily.Janewarnsusthatourgroupisgoingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.However,theeveningmakesitallworthwhile⑨.⑦intheshadeof...在……的阴凉处shade/ʃeId/n.荫；阴凉处vt.遮住光线⑧moveoff离开；起程；出发⑨worthwhile/wɜːθ'waIl/adj.值得的；值得做的Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.做某事是值得的。[读文清障][原文呈现]Wewatchthemotherchimpandherbabiesplayinthetree⑩.Thenweseethemgotosleeptogetherintheirnest⑪forthenight.Werealizethatthebond⑫betweenmembersofachimpfamilyisasstrongasinahumanfamily.⑩句中用了“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。⑪nest/nest/n.巢；窝⑫bond/bɒnd/n.联系；关系；结合；纽带非洲野生动物研究者[第1段译文]清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起。我们一行人都准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么相似。我们当天的首项活动就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是表达爱的方式。简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又累又脏，她说对了。不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。我们认识到黑猩猩家庭成员之间的关系像人类家庭一样紧密。[读文清障][原文呈现]NobodybeforeJanefullyunderstoodchimpbehaviour.Shespentyearsobserving⑬andrecordingtheirdailyactivities.Sinceherchildhood⑭shehadwantedtoworkwithanimalsintheirownenvironment.However,thiswasnoteasy.WhenshefirstarrivedinGombein1960,itwasunusualforawomantoliveintheforest⑮.⑬observe/əb'zɜːv/vt.观察；观测；遵守observation/ˌɒbzə'veIʃn/n.观察；观测⑭childhood/'tʃaIldhʊd/n.童年；幼年时代inone'schildhood在某人的童年时代⑮itis/was＋adj.＋forsb.＋todosth.结构中，it为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。[读文清障][原文呈现]Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject⑯.Herworkchangedthewaypeoplethinkaboutchimps⑰.Forexample,oneimportantthingshediscovered⑱wasthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.⑯“only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子/主句用部分倒装结构。⑰定语从句peoplethinkaboutchimps修饰先行词theway，省略了关系词that或inwhich。⑱shediscovered为省略了关系代词的定语从句。[读文清障][原文呈现]⑲此处是“observe＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，现在分词短语huntingamonkeyandtheneatingit作宾语补足语。⑳workout计算出；找出……的答案，处理，解决；制订(计划)；弄清楚Untiltheneveryonehadthoughtchimpsateonlyfruitandnuts.Sheactuallyobservedchimpsasagrouphuntingamonkeyandtheneatingit⑲.Shealsodiscoveredhowchimpscommunicatewitheachother,andherstudyoftheirbodylanguagehelpedherworkout⑳theirsocialsystem.[第2段译文]在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。从孩提时代起，她就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。但是，这不是一件容易的事。当她1960年最初来到贡贝时，对女性来说，住进大森林还是很不寻常的事情。她母亲前几个月过来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩捕猎并吃肉。而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到过一群黑猩猩搏杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。[读文清障][原文呈现]○21outspoken/aʊt'spəʊkən/adj.直言的；坦诚beoutspokenaboutsth.对某事直言不讳○22respect/rI'spekt/vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意“making...andrespect”为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。○23argue/'aːɡjuː/vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论○24entertainment/ˌentə'teInmənt/n.款待；娱乐；娱乐表演○25leada...life过着……的生活ForfortyyearsJaneGoodallhasbeenoutspoken○21aboutmakingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespect○22thelifeoftheseanimals.Shehasargued○23thatwildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainment○24oradvertisements.Shehashelpedtosetupspecialplaceswhe