SectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagepointsⅠ.单词拼写1.Thedirectorofthefactory(滥用)thefundsintendedforthehealthcareofhisworkers.He'lldefinitelybepunishedbythelaw.2.The(作者)ofthisbestsellerwontheNobelPrizeforliteraturelastyear.abusedauthor3.Some(民事的)casescanbesettledoutofcourt.4.Thewholeperiodleadinguptotherevolutionisaninteresting(时期)inFrenchhistory.5.Sophiaclosedhereyestightlyina(n)(徒劳的)attempttoholdbackthetears.6.The(故事情节)ofthefilmwassoboringthatIfellasleepwhilewatchingit.7.Lily(转动)herheadsoshecouldseewhatwashappening.8.IsawthevasemadeintheTangDynastyinthewindowofa(n)(文物)shop.civilchaptervainplotantiquetwistedⅡ.拓展词汇1.n.特征,特点adj.典型的,独特的,特有的→characterizev.具有……的特征2.adj.铤而走险的,拼命的,绝望的;非常需要,渴望→desperatelyadv.拼命地,绝望地→desperationn.绝望3.n.罪犯adj.犯罪的,犯法的;刑法的,刑事的→crimen.罪,罪行characteristicdesperatecriminal4.n.紧张气氛;紧张,烦躁;矛盾,对立→tenseadj.令人紧张的,感到紧张的v.(使)变得紧张,(使)绷紧5.adj.慷慨的,大方的;宽厚的,仁慈的→generosityn.慷慨,大方;宽厚,仁慈6.adj.暴力的,粗暴的;猛烈的,强烈的→violencen.暴力行为tensiongenerousviolent[巧记单词]派生词desperately→desperate+lytension→tense去e+ionviolence→violent去t+ceⅢ.补全短语1.long不久之后2.come出版,发行3.havetodowith与……无关4.on(doing)sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事)5.therun躲避,不停地奔波6.liveup达到,符合(期望)7.beashamed对……感到愧疚8.give放弃beforeoutnothingbentontoofup1.[教材原句]Theyarenovels,playsandpoemsthatwerewrittenalongtimeagoandweresowellwrittenthatpeoplestillreadthemnowadays.它们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌,这些作品写得如此好以至于今天人们仍然在阅读它们。[句型点拨]so...that...“如此……以至于……”。[佳句赏析](北京高考写作佳句)Thevideowassoperfectthatitwaswellreceived.Thestudentsandteacherssharedagreattime.那段视频是如此完美以至于很受欢迎。学生们和老师们度过了一段美好的时光。2.[教材原句]Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread,sotheyareoftenlefttogatherdustonshelves.这使得一些人阅读起来有困难,所以经典文学作品常常被搁置在书架上,积满了灰尘。[句型点拨]make+宾语+宾语补足语。[佳句赏析](四川高考满分作文)Nomatterhowweseeit,springhasamagicthatmakestheworldcolorful.无论我们怎样审视春天,它都有着能让世界变得五彩缤纷的魔力。3.[教材原句]Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim,butJoeisakindandsimplemanwhowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.皮普的姐姐经常虐待他,但乔却是一个善良淳朴的人,他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。[句型点拨]wouldratherdo...thando...“宁愿做……也不愿做……”。[佳句赏析](北京高考写作佳句)IwouldrathertravelalongtheYangtzeRiverthanclimbMountTai.我宁愿去游览长江,也不愿爬泰山。4.[教材原句]PipdislikesitwhenJoecomestovisithiminLondon.当乔来伦敦看他时,皮普并不乐意。[句型点拨]it作形式宾语。[佳句赏析]Ienjoybeingawayfrommyhomeforacoupleofdays,butIhateitwhenIhavetobeawayforalongtime.离开家几天,我会挺开心,但时间长了我就受不了了。1.(教材P2)Becausealotofclassicswerewrittensolongago,theirlanguagecharacteristicsarequitedifferentfromthoseofmodernworks.因为许多经典文学作品是在很久以前创作的,它们的语言特色与现代文学作品的语言特色有着很大区别。characteristicn.特征;特点adj.典型的,独特的,特有的charactern.字;个性,性格;特色;(事物的)特性;角色characterizevt.以……为特征;描绘①Ambitionisacharacteristicofallsuccessfulbusinessman.雄心勃勃是所有成功商人的特点。②Thepeopleinthecityhavetolivewiththecharacteristicnoisesofcities.城市里的人们不得不忍受都市特有的喧嚣。③Itissaidthatpovertyandhisfather'sdeathchangedhis(characteristic).据说是贫困加上父亲的去世改变了他的性格。[语境串记]UsingtwoChinesecharacters,hedescribedthecharacteroftheleadingcharacterthatheplayedinthefilm.他用了两个汉字来描述他在电影中扮演的主角的性格。character2.(教材P3)Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim,butJoeisakindandsimplemanwhowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.皮普的姐姐经常虐待他,但乔却是一个善良淳朴的人,他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。abusevt.&n.虐待;辱骂;滥用(1)abuseone'spower/position/authority滥用职权abuseone'strust背信弃义(2)anabuseofpower/position/authority职权的滥用①Asgovernmentofficials,theyshouldn'thaveabusedtheirpower.作为政府官员,他们不应该滥用权力。②Theneighboursrefusedtotellthepressanythingabouthimbecausetheydidn'twantto.邻居们拒绝向报界透露他的任何信息,因为他们不想辜负他的信任。③Whathedidwasasmanager.他的所作所为是滥用经理职权。abusehistrustanabuseofhispower/position/authority3.(教材P3)Pip,whoissevenyearsoldwhenthestorybegins,isinafoggycemeterywhenadesperatecriminalappearsandfrightenshim.故事开始时,七岁的皮普正在一个薄雾笼罩的墓地中,就在这时一个亡命之徒突然出现了,使他吓了一大跳。desperateadj.铤而走险的,拼命的,绝望的;非常需要,渴望(1)bedesperateforsth.非常需要某物bedesperatetodosth.极想做某事(2)desperatelyadv.绝望地,拼命地desperationn.绝望①Whentheywereindesperateneed,hewenttotheiraid.当他们陷于极度穷困时,他援助了他们。②Themanlostinthedesertwater.在沙漠中迷失方向的人极度渴望得到水。③Graduatesaredesperate(get)goodjobsaftergraduation.毕业生毕业后都渴望得到好工作。isdesperatefortoget4.(教材P3)ThereisatwistintheplotwhenaverygenerousstrangergivesPipalargefortune.当一位非常慷慨的陌生人给了皮普一大笔财产时,故事的情节发生了转折。generousadj.慷慨的,大方的;宽厚的,仁慈的(1)begenerouswith在……方面大方(不吝啬)begenerousindoingsth.乐于做某事begeneroustosb.对某人大方begeneroustodosth.慷慨地做某事(2)generosityn.慷慨,大方generouslyadv.慷慨地,大方地①Thepeopleinthesmallvillagearesimpleandit'stheirnaturetobegenerous.这个小村庄的人们淳朴,天性慷慨大方。②Ourbossisverygenerousin(entertain)ourclients.我们的老板招待客户非常慷慨大方。③Heisnotgenerouseverybodyheknowswithmoney.在金钱上,他并非对他认识的每个人都很大方。④Heiswellknownforhisgenerositytothestudentsinthefloodedareas.他因对洪水受灾区的学生慷慨解囊而出名。entertainingto5.(教材P3)Moneyandeducation,however,changehim,andbeforelonghebecomesvainandashamedofhisbackground.然而,金钱和教育改变了他,不久后他变得虚荣,对自己的出身感到羞愧。vainadj.虚荣的,自负的;徒劳的,无结果的avainattempt/effort徒劳的尝试/努力invain徒劳地;无意义地tryinvaintodosth.枉费心机地试图做某事①Theytriedinvaintopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.他们极力劝说他放弃吸烟,但枉费了一番口舌。②Alloureffortswere;thatistosay,wefailedagain.我们所有的努力都付诸东流了,也就是说我们又失败了。[名师点津]invain在句中可以作表语和状语。invain6.(教材P3)PipisbentonbecomingagentlemanandwinningEstella'slove.皮普一心要成为一位绅士,并赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。bebenton(doing)sth.决心做某事,一心想要做某事(常指坏事)①Thoughheissixtyyearsold,heisbentonstu