2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 The written word Section Ⅰ

Fantasyliteraturehasbeendistinguishedfromotherformsofliteraturebyitsstyleanditsfreedomofexpression;anauthorhastheabilitytouseanystory­tellingelementtostrengthenthenarrative①.Storiesinvolvingmysteriousmagicandterriblemonstershaveexistedinspokenformsbeforetheappearanceprintedliterature.Homer'sOdysseysatisfiesthedefinitionofthefantasygenre②withitsmagic,gods,heroes,adventuresandmonsters.Fantasyliterature,asadistincttype,emergedinVictoriantimes.Symbolismplaysahugeroleinfantasyliterature.J.R.R.Tolkienplayedalargeroleinthepopularization③andaccessibility④ofthefantasygenrewithhishighlysuccessfulpublicationsTheHobbit(1937)andTheLordoftheRings(1954－1955).RarelydoesoneconsidermodernfantasywithoutthinkingoftheimageofTolkienandhiscreations.TolkienwaslargelyinfluencedbyanancientbodyofAnglo­Saxonmyths,particularlyBeowulf,aswellasmodernworkssuchasTheWormOuroborosbyE.R.Eddison.Itwasafterthepublicationofhisworkthatthegenrebegantoreceivethename“fantasy”.Tolkien'sclosefriendC.S.Lewis,authorofTheChroniclesofNarniaandafellowEnglishprofessorwithsimilarinterests,alsohelpedtopublicizethefantasygenre.AuthorssuchasJohnFlanagan,J．K.Rowling,TerryBrooks,GeorgeR.R.Martin,DavidKier,StevenErikson,RobertJordan,RickRiordan,ScottLynch,andpartlyLaurellK.Hamilton,andAngieSagearemaintainingthegenre'spopularity.ThoughitisnotuncommonforfantasynovelstoberankedonTheNewYorkTimesBestSellerlist,todatetheonlyfantasynovelistswhoseworkshavedebuted⑤atnumberoneonthelistareRobertJordan,GeorgeR.R.Martin,NeilGaiman,TerryGoodkindandPatrickRothfuss.[多积词汇]①narrativen．叙述②genren.类型③popularizationn.大众化，普及④accessibilityn.易接近，易受影响⑤debutv.首次推出SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Pre­reading[读文清障][原文呈现]AppreciatingliteratureWhatisclassicliterature?Classicsaretheantiques①oftheliterary②world.Theyarenovels,playsandpoemsthatwerewrittenalongtimeago③andweresowellwrittenthatpeoplestillreadthemnowadays.①antique/æn'tiːk/n.古董，文物②literaryadj.文学的literaturen．文学，文学作品③thatwerewrittenalongtimeago是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词novels,playsandpoems。[读文清障][原文呈现]Theyareexamplesofgreatwritingandwisdom,andeventhosewrittencenturiesago④canstillbefoundinbookshopsandlibrariestoday.Becausealotofclassics⑤werewrittensolongago,theirlanguagecharacteristics⑥arequitedifferentfromthoseofmodernworks.④writtencenturiesago是过去分词短语作定语，修饰those。⑤classicn．[C]名著，经典作品还可用作形容词，意为“典型的，经典的”。⑥characteristic/ˌkærəktə'rIstIk/n.特征，特点adj.典型的，独特的，特有的[读文清障][原文呈现]Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread,sotheyareoftenlefttogatherdustonshelves.Manypeopledonotreadthem,becausetheythinkclassicsareoldandboringandhavenothingtodowith⑦lifetoday.However,ifthisistrue,whydowestillfindtheseclassicsinbookshopsandlibraries?Theyhavenotdisappearedandstillhaveaplacein⑧theworld.Whyelsewouldmanyfilmsadaptedfromthem⑨besuccessful?⑦havenothingtodowith...与……没有关系⑧haveaplacein在……占有一席之地⑨adaptedfromthem是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰films。adaptedfrom意为“由……改编”。[读文清障][原文呈现]In1995,anaward­winning⑩filmbasedonJaneAusten'snovelEmma⑪cameout⑫.Threeyearslater,in1998,amodernadaptation⑬ofCharlesDickens'snovelGreatExpectationsappearedincinemas.Nobodywouldbotherto⑭maketheseclassicnovelsintofilmsiftheyhadnothingtodowithcontemporary⑮life.⑩award­winning获奖的⑪basedonJaneAusten'snovelEmma是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰film。⑫comeout推出，发行，出版⑬adaptationn．改编本(也作adaption)⑭bothertodo费心去做，通常用在否定句中，表示“懒得做”。⑮contemporaryadj.当代的文学欣赏[第1～3段译文]什么是经典文学？经典文学作品是文学世界里的古董。它们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌。这些作品写得如此之好以至于今天人们仍然在阅读它们。经典文学是杰出的创作及智慧的典范，即使是几世纪前写的那些作品，现在依然可以在书店和图书馆里找到。因为许多经典文学作品创作如此久远，它们的语言特色与现代文学作品的语言特色有相当大的区别。这使得一些人阅读起来有困难，因此经典文学作品常常被遗忘在书架上，落满灰尘。许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们太古老，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何联系。但是，如果这种观点是正确的，为什么我们今天仍然可以在书店和图书馆里找到这些经典文学作品呢？它们并没有消失，在当今世界仍占有一席之地。还有，为什么许多根据经典文学作品改编的电影可以大获成功呢？1995年，一部根据简·奥斯丁的小说《爱玛》改编的获奖影片问世。三年后的1998年，根据查尔斯·狄更斯的小说《远大前程》改编的现代版影片在影院上映。如果这些经典小说与现代生活没有任何关系的话，没人会花费精力将它们改编成电影。[读文清障][原文呈现]CharlesDickens:England'sgreatestwriterThenovelist⑯CharlesDickenswasborninPortsmouth,Englandin1812.OliveTwist,DavidCopperfieldandGreatExpectationsareprobablyhisbest­knownworks⑰.Hefirstpublishedmanynovelsonechapter⑱atatimeinnewspapers,⑯novelist/'nɒvəlIst/n.小说家⑰workn．[C]著作，(艺术)作品(多用复数)worksofliterature文学作品Beethoven'spianoworks贝多芬的钢琴曲⑱chapter/'tʃæptə(r)/n.(书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代[读文清障][原文呈现]⑲opera/'ɒprə/n.歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院soapoperan．肥皂剧andsomewerelaterperformedonstage.Forpeopleatthattime,hisstorieswerelikethesoapoperas⑲weseeonTVtoday.Hediedin1870.Histombreads,‘Byhisdeath,oneofEngland'sgreatestwritersislosttotheworld.’查尔斯·狄更斯：“英国最伟大的作家”[第4段译文]小说家查尔斯·狄更斯1812年出生于英国的朴次茅斯。《雾都孤儿》、《大卫·科波菲尔》、《远大前程》可能是他最广为人知的作品。狄更斯最初将许多小说发表在报纸上，每次刊登一章，有一些作品后来被搬上了舞台。对于那时候的人来说，他的小说就如同我们今天在电视上看到的肥皂剧。狄更斯于1870年去世，他的墓碑上写着：“他的辞世使世界失去了一位最伟大的英国作家。”[读文清障][原文呈现]GreatExpectationsGreatExpectationsissetin⑳Englandintheearly1800s.Theauthor○21usesPip,themaincharacter,totellthestory.Havinglosthisparents○22，PipliveswithhisoldersisterandherhusbandJoe.Pip'ssisteroftenabuses○23him,butJoeisakindandsimple○24manwhowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.⑳besetin...(电影、戏剧等)以……为背景○21author/'ɔːθə(r)/n.作者○22Havinglosthisparents是现在分词的完成式，表示该动作发生在句子谓语(liveswith)表示的动作之前。○23abuse/ə'bjuːz/vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用○24simpleadj.朴实的[读文清障][原文呈现