国内图书分类号:TH322学校代码:10213国际图书分类号:621.6密级:公开工学硕士学位论文新型油田高压往复式柱塞泵及控制策略的研究硕士研究生:张乐导师:季天晶教授申请学位:工学硕士学科:流体机械及工程所在单位:能源科学与工程学院答辩日期:2011年6月授予学位单位:哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:TH322U.D.C.:621.6DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringRESEARCHONNEWOILFIELDHIGH-PRESSURERECIPROCATINGPISTONPUMPANDCONTROLSTRATEGIESCandidate:ZhangLeSupervisor:Prof.JiTianjingAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpeciality:FluidMachineryandEngineeringAffiliation:SchoolofEnergyScienceandEngineeringDateofDefence:June,2011Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-I-摘要目前,随着世界各国对石油需求不断增长,使得油田油井深度不断加深而增加产量。为了保持地层能量,各大油田普遍采用高压注水的方法。近年来,高压欠注问题日益突出,但是油田应用的高压注水泵无论是在工艺结构上还是对复杂工况的适应性上已经越来越难以满足实际要求。针对以上情况,本文首次提出一种传动方式新颖、受力结构简单、可输出高压的新型往复式高压注水泵以及与之相匹配的精确变量装置。这种新型泵不仅结构简单,制造容易,安装工艺上要优于油田目前常用的三缸往复泵,而且效率、可靠性高,同时能够满不同地质条件下油井的高压注水需要并具有很强适应性。本文首先根据油田给定的目标参数进行进行了运动学分析和动力学分析,研究了各关键零部件运动规律及受力,利用VB6.0编制了的受力分析程序,计算出了注水泵的危险工况,并以此作为了泵体结构参数设计的依据;然后利用UG5.0绘制了泵体结构的三维模型,检验了所有零部件之间无干涉,验证了设计的结构的可行性。其次,设计了与新型泵相匹配的变量机构,使之成为由伺服阀和液压缸构成的电液伺服控制系统,能够实现在油田注水控制中心对注水泵进行远程自动控制。同时建立控制系统的仿真模型,并在simulink中对模型的稳定性等指标进行了仿真分析。最后,设计了BP神经网络PID控制器和常规PID控制器,对控制系统进行了校正,并在不同负载的条件下进行了仿真分析、对比,可知相对于常规PID控制器,BP神经网络PID控制器对于新型往复泵具有更强的有效性、实用性。从目前油田高压注水应用前景来看,新型往复式高压注水泵完全可以取代现有高压注水泵。关键词:高压注水泵;UG三维模型;电液伺服控制系统;BP神经网络哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-II-AbstractWiththecontinuousimprovementoftheoilproduction,theoilwelldepthdeepenedceaselesslyandworkingpressurekeepsincreasing.Inordertomaintainandensurethecrudeoutputandtheformationenergy,eachbigoilfieldwidelyusethemethodofhighpressurewaterinjection.Recentlyyears,theproblemoftheinjectionshortcomingofHigh-pressureisgettingworse,sothenormallyusedHigh-pressureinjectionpumpisnolongersuitableforactualengineeringdemands.Inviewoftheabovesituation,thisarticleputforwardanewkindofHigh-pressureinjectionpumpwhichismoresuitableforEngineeringactualdemandandaVariabledevicetomatchthepump.Firstofall,accordingtoobjectiveparameterandthebodystructureofthepump,wemakedynamicsanalysistoensuretheforceofkeyparts.ThenwecalculatetheultimateworkingconditionofthepumpwithProgramCompositionofVB6.0,andusetheresultsasthebasisofparameterdesign.Atlast,useUG5.0todrawthe3Dmodelofthepumpandmakesurethatthestructureiscorrect.DesigntheVariabledevicewhichismadeofservovalveandhydrauliccylinder,sothatthepumpcanbecontrolledinwaterinjectioncenter.MakethenonlinearmodeloftheVariabledevice,andanalysethemodel’sstabilityanditsresponseoftypicalsignalsinsimulink.DesigntheBPneuralnetworkPIDcontrollerandtheconventionalPIDcontrollertocorrectthecontrolsystem,andanalyseitinconditionofnon-loadand5000Nload.Comparetheresultsofthetwocontroller,wefindthattheBPneuralnetworkPIDcontrollerismoresuitableforactualdemands.Keywords:High-pressureinjectionpump,UG3-Dmodel,Electro-hydraulicservocontrolsystem,BPneuralnetwork哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文-III-目录摘要.......................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................II第1章绪论...........................................................................................................11.1课题背景及研究的目的和意义.................................................................11.2往复式柱塞泵的发展历史.........................................................................11.3国内外在该方向上的研究现状.................................................................21.3.1国内外轴向柱塞泵的研究现状..........................................................21.3.2柱塞泵变量机构的研究现状..............................................................41.3.3油田高压注水泵发展现状..................................................................61.4控制理论发展综述....................................................................................71.4.1古典控制理论和现代控制理论..........................................................71.4.2智能控制概述.....................................................................................81.5论文主要研究内容....................................................................................9第2章新型泵的结构构设计..............................................................................112.1新型泵的传动结构..................................................................................112.1.1传动方式的选择...............................................................................112.1.2柱塞数目的选择...............................................................................122.2基本理论计算..........................................................................................142.2.1目标参数...........................................................................................142.2.2设计参数...........................................................................................142.3新型往复泵运动学分析...........................................................................162.3.1柱塞运动规律的选择........................................................................162.3.2圆柱凸轮机构的运动关系................................................................172.4新型往复泵的动力学分析..........................................................