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Period3LearningaboutLanguageⅠ.单词拼写1．Duetohealthproblems,Idecidedtor________mypostasthefactorydirector.2．Dr.Proudiewould________(废除)allformsandceremonies.3．Ithinkit'spropertoclassifyhernovelsasserious________(文学)insteadofmereentertainment.4．Hehasalwayshadaninterestin________(政治)．5．Aftertheabolitionof________(奴隶制),manyblackpeopleinAmericawereliberated.【答案】1.resign2.abolish3.literature4.politics5.slaveryⅡ.单句语法填空1．Tomworkedhard,only______(fail)againatlast.2．It'sgood______(help)otherswhentheyareintrouble.3．Thegoalofthisactivityis_______(meet)theneedsofcommonpeople.4．Thequestionisverydifficult_____(answer)．5．Hewasforced_______(take)apositionthatwaspaidlessmoney.【答案】1.tofail2.tohelp3.tomeet4.toanswer5．totakeresignvi.&vt.辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)；听任Sheresignedassecretarylastweek.上周她辞去了秘书一职。Sheresignedfromagoodjoballforabadboss.就因为一个糟糕的老板，她辞掉了一份好工作。resignto听从，顺从；托付给resignfrom辞去……职务resignassth辞去当……的职务resignationn．辞职；辞呈单句改错①Becauseofhisseriousillness，themanagerhadtoresigntohisposition._______________________________单句语法填空②Heresigned________thecompanyinordertotakeamorechallengingjob.③Heresignedhispost______headmaster.【答案】①to改为from②from③asIwassupposedtohavefinishedallmyshoppingbynowbut…到现在我本该结束我的购物，但是……句中的besupposedto表示“应该”，相当于should。此外，它还可表示“必须；一般认为”。Ithoughtweweresupposedtobepaidtoday.我本以为我们今天会领到薪水。(1)benotsupposedto表示“不准；不得；不应当”，强调委婉地责备或禁止。(2)suppose/supposingthat…假如……，假设……(3)letussupposethat…让我们假设……，让我们假想……完成句子这个会本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把它推迟了。Themeeting________________________________________onTuesday,butwehavehadtopostponeit.【答案】wassupposedtotakeplace动词不定式动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，如：tostudy,toplay。动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍保留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：toplaytabletennis，tostudyhard。一、动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。1．作主语动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末。Tohelpeachotherisgood.Itisgoodtohelpeachother.2．作表语动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语。Myjobistodrivethemtothepowerstationeveryday.3．作宾语(1)作及物动词的宾语。Shewishestobeamusician.(2)作某些形容词的宾语：可以接动词不定式作宾语的形容词一般有glad，sorry,afraid，pleased，determined，willing，eager，anxious，ready，sure等。Iamdeterminedtogiveupsmoking.(3)动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语。Canyougiveussomeadviceonwhattodonext?(4)动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置。Idon'tthinkitrighttodoitthatway.4．作宾语补足语如果句中的谓语动词为see，hear，watch，notice，have，make，let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加上to。此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用。Tellthechildrennottoplayonthestreet.Isawhimcrosstheroad.Hewasseentocrosstheroad.Withalotofworktodo，hedidn'tgotothecinema.5．作定语动词不定式作定语时，必须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后。通常与所修饰名词有如下关系：(1)动宾关系作定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词。如果被不定式修饰的名词为place，time，way，不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作的承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式。Isthisthebestwaytohelphim?Ihaveameetingtoattend.Heisthemantodependon.Theoldmanislookingforaquietplacetolivein.Haveyougotanythingtosend?Haveyougotanythingtobesent?(2)说明所修饰名词的内容Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.(3)被修饰名词是不定式的逻辑主语Heisthefirsttogethere.6．作状语动词不定式可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等。(1)表目的Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain.Tomasteraforeignlanguage,onemustworkhardatit.(有时为了强调目的，也可将表示目的的不定式置于句首。)ShereadsChinaDailyeverydayinorderto(soasto)improveherEnglish.(为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，还可在不定式前加inorderto或soasto，但应注意inorderto位于句首或句中均可，而soasto不能位于句首。)▲不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：(×)Tosavemoney,everymeanshasbeentried.(√)Tosavemoney,hehastriedeverymeans.(×)TolearnEnglishwell,adictionaryisneeded.(√)TolearnEnglishwell,heneedsadictionary.(2)表结果Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.Youareoldenoughtotakecareofyourselfnow.(形容词或副词＋enough＋动词不定式，表示“够……能……”。)Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.(常用only放在不定式前表示和意料的结果相反的情况。)(3)表原因Theywereverysadtohearthenews.7．作独立成分Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikethewayhetalked.8．不定式的省略保留到to(省略do动词)。Ifyoudon'twanttodoit,youdon'tneedto.9．不定式的并列第二个不定式可省略to。Hewishedtostudymedicineand(to)becomeadoctor.单句语法填空①It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone________(employ)asecurityofficer.②Ihavealotofreadings________(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.③Myworkis________(clean)theroomeveryday.④Fatherwillnotallowus________(play)onthestreet.⑤________(catch)theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.⑥Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only________(find)itdidn'tfit.【答案】①toemploy②tocomplete③toclean④toplay⑤Tocatch⑥tofind二、动词不定式的复合结构由for/of＋名词(或代词宾格)＋动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语。当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good,nice,kind,wise,silly,stupid,foolish,right,wrong,careless,impolite等。Itisveryimportantforustogeteverythingreadyfortheharvest.Itisverykindofyoutohelphimeveryday.单句改错①Itiswrongforyoutothinkinthatway._______________________________②Itisnotnecessaryforusstartoutaheadoftime._______________________________【答案】①for改为of②在start前加to三、疑问词＋动词不定式疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。Howtopreventthemfromswimminginthisriverisaproblem.单句语法填空①Whenandwhere__________(hold)themeetinghasn'tbeendecided.②—It'snousehavingideasonly.—Don'tworry.Petercanshowyou________toturnanideaintoanact.【答案】①tohold②how四、动词不定式的否定式动词不定式的否定式是由not＋动词不定式构成。It'swrongofyounottoattendthemeeting.把下列句子改为否定句①Heto