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SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage[读文清障][原文呈现]AFACTORANOPINION?Whatisafact?Isitsomethingthatpeoplebelieve①？No.Afactisanythingthatcanbeproved.Forexample,itcanbeprovedthatChinahasmorepeoplethananyother②countryintheworld.Thisisafact.①that引导定语从句，修饰something。②anyother任何其他一个more...thananyother...为比较级形式，却表达了最高级的含义，此处相当于hasthemostpeopleofallthecountriesintheworld。在Itcanbeprovedthat...句式中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。[读文清障][原文呈现]③what引导表语从句，其中someonebelieves为插入语。④evidence/'evIdəns/n.根据；证据goodevidence充分的证据⑤trial/'traIəl/n.审判；审讯；试验inatrial在审判中⑥agreewith赞成；同意(后接sb.或whatsb.says)agreewith还表示“与……一致；(食物、气候等)适合某人”。Thenwhatisanopinion?Anopinioniswhatsomeonebelievesistruebuthasnotbeenproved③.Soanopinionisnotgoodevidence④inatrial⑤.Forexample,itisanopinionifyousay“Catsarebetterpetsthandogs”.Itmaybetrue,butitisdifficulttoprove.Somepeoplemaynotagreewith⑥thisopinionbuttheyalsocannotprovethattheyareright.[读文清障][原文呈现]⑦eyewitness/ˌaI'wItnIs/n.目击者；证人句中两个“which＋不定式”结构都作decide的宾语。⑧or连接了由what和where引导的两个从句，作动词consider的并列宾语，其语序均为陈述语序。⑨careabout在乎；在意；关心ratherthan而不是whether引导的从句作caresabout的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句。Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve⑦.Thejudgedoesnotconsiderwhateacheyewitnesslookslikeorwherethatpersonlivesorworks⑧.He/Sheonlycaresaboutwhethertheeyewitnesshasgiventrueinformation,whichmustbefactsratherthanopinions⑨.Thiskindofinformationiscalledevidence.事实还是看法？什么是事实呢？是不是人们所相信的就是事实呢？不是。事实是任何可以被证实的事。举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他一个国家的人口都多，这是可以被证实的，这就是事实。那么，什么是看法呢？看法是人们相信是真实的，但是未经证实。因此在审判中，看法不是有说服力的证据。举例来说，如果你说“猫作为宠物比狗好”，这就是看法，这个看法可能是正确的，但是它难以被证实。有些人可能不同意这种看法，但是他们也不能证明他们是正确的。在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。法官并不考虑每个证人的长相如何，也不考虑那个人住在哪里，或者在哪儿工作。他/她关心的只是证人是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是看法。这种信息就叫作证据。Readthepassageanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatdoesthepassagetellus?A．Whatisafact.B．Whatisanopinion.C．Ajudgebelievesintrueinformationmorethananopinion.D．Whatisafact,whatisanopinionandwhatajudgeexpectsinatrial.2．Afactis________.A．somethingthatpeoplebelieveB．anythingthatcanbeprovedC．anythingthatpeoplebelieveD．somethinglikethatChinahasmorepeoplethananyothercountry3．WhichofthefollowingaboutanopinionisTRUE?A．Anopinionisanevidenceinatrial.B．Anopinionissomethingthatsomeonecanbelieve.C．Anopinioniswhatsomeonebelievesistruebuthasnotbeenproved.D．Anopinionissomethingthatmaybetrueandalwayseasytoprove.4．Inatrial,________.A．whateacheyewitnesslookslikeisnecessaryB．wheretheeyewitnesslivesorworksisimportantC．ifitistrue,thejudgedoesn'tcareaboutwhetheritisanopinionorafactD．evidencethatistrueinformationmustbefacts答案：1～4DBCDⅠ.单词拼写1．Wearegladtofindthatthe(当地的)economyhasrecoveredgradually.2．Thetwovillagesareabouttwokilometers(分离地)．3．Shetookonelookatthehorseandherheart(下沉)．localapartsunk/sank4.Atthemomentweare(争论)whatfurnituretobuyforthehouse.5．Heison(审讯)forhavingbreakinglaws.6．Wefoundfurtherscientific(证据)forthetheory.debatingtrialevidenceⅡ.拓展词汇1．adj.本地的；当地的→locallyadv.在本地；在当地2．n．根据；证据→evidentadj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的；显然的3．n．绘画；画→paintv．油漆；绘画4．vi.爆炸→explosionn．爆炸5．n．入口→entervt.进入6．adj.非正式的→formal(反义词)adj.正式的7．n．水手；海员；船员→sailv．航海localevidencepaintingexplodeentranceinformalsailor[巧记单词]evidence→evident把t→cepainting→paint＋inginformalin＋formal派生词sailor→sail＋orⅢ.补全短语1．take拆开2．thinkof看重；器重3．agree同意；赞同4．than而不是5．care关心；在乎6．midnight在午夜aparthighlywithratheraboutat1．[教材原句]Forexample,itcanbeprovedthatChinahasmorepeoplethananyothercountryintheworld.比如，可以证实中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多。[句型点拨]itcanbeprovedthat...“可以证实……”，it在句中作形式主语。[佳句赏析]Itcanbeeasilyprovedthatnothingismorepreciousthantime.很容易证明没有任何东西比时间更珍贵。2．[教材原句]Anopinioniswhatsomeonebelievesistruebuthasnotbeenproved.看法是人们相信是真实的，但是未经证实。[句型点拨]what在句中引导名词性从句。[佳句赏析]WhatIamgoingtotellyouisaboutthebookdonationfromourschooltoyourChineseclass.我打算告诉你的是关于我们学校向你们中文班赠书之事。3．[教材原句]NordoIthinktheyshouldgiveittoanygovernment.我认为他们不应该将它给任何一个政府。[句型点拨]nor放于句首使用部分倒装。[佳句赏析]Icouldn'tmemorizethenewwords,norcouldIspeakEnglishfluently.我记不住这些生词，也不能流利地讲英语。1．TheoldmansawsomeGermanstakingaparttheAmberRoomandremovingit.(P4)这位老人看到一些德国人正在拆除琥珀屋并移走它。★takeapart拆开tell...apart把……区别开来fallapart分裂；崩溃apartfrom除……以外别无＝except除……之外还有＝besides①Theboyissocleverthathecantakeapartanytoycarandputittogether.这个孩子很聪明，他能够拆开任何玩具汽车然后组装起来。②Canyoutellthetwins?你能分辨出这对双胞胎吗？③ApartEnglish,westudyDanishandSpanish.除了英语以外，我们还学丹麦语及西班牙语。apartfrom2．Thiskindofinformationiscalledevidence.(P5)这种信息被称之为证据。★evidencen．根据；证据(1)Thereissome/noevidencethat...(没)有证据证明……inevidence显眼；显而易见(2)evidentadj.明显的；明白的It'sevidentthat...很明显……(3)evidentlyadv.明显地；显然地①Thereissomeevidencethathighschoolcheatingmaybeontherise.有迹象表明，中学生作弊可能正在上升。②Thefirstsignsofcoldwinterareevidence.寒冬的最初迹象已显然可见。③It'sevidentsomeonehasbeenhere.显然有人来过这里。④Evidently,theAmberRoomwasworthrebuilding.很显然琥珀屋值得重建。inthat3．IthinkhighlyofthosewhoaresearchingfortheAmberRoom.(P7)我很欣赏那些为寻找琥珀屋而努力的人。★thinkhighlyof看重；器重；认为……不错thinkmuch/alot/wellof...(＝thinkhighlyof...)着重；器重；对……评价高thinkill/poorly/badlyof认为……不好thinklittle/nothingof...轻视；认为……不足为奇speakhighlyof高度赞扬①Manypeoplepresentthoughthighlyofheridea.在场的很多人都很看重她的想法。②Heoftentellslies,whichmakesothersthink(poor)of