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SectionⅣGrammar&Writing语法专项突破写作能力提升虚拟语气(Ⅱ)①IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.②Wewishwehadstudiedharderwhenatschool.③IwishIcouldflytothemoononeday.④I'dratheryoupaidthemoneyyourself.⑤I'drathershehadn'tdonethatthen.⑥Theworkersdemandedthattheirwages(should)beincreased.⑦Thebossorderedthestaffthatthey(should)finishthetaskbeforethisFriday.⑧Hegavetheadvicethatwe(should)dotheworkcarefully.⑨Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.⑩Itisimportantthatstudents(should)attendallthelectures.[我的结论]1．由①②③句可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用表示与现在相反的情况，用表示与过去相反的情况，用“would/could/might＋动词原形”表示与相反的情况。2．④⑤句中，wouldrather后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用表示现在或将来的愿望，用表示过去的愿望。3．⑥～⑩句的名词性从句中，从句均采用虚拟语气，且从名的谓语动词为，should可以省略。一般过去时过去完成时将来一般过去时过去完成时should＋动词原形一、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用1．用于宾语从句中[语境感悟]①Theteacherinsiststhatwe(should)useanEnglishEnglishdictionary.老师坚持要我们使用英英词典。②Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)tackletheprobleminanotherway.我向他建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。[知识归纳](1)在表示命令、建议、劝告、欲望、要求、主张等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，其结构为“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。(2)这类动词常见的有：Hedemandedthathe(should)betoldeverything.他要求将一切告诉他。[点津](1)当insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Thegirl'spalefacesuggestedthatshewasillandIsuggestedthatshegotoseethedoctoratonce.这个女孩苍白的脸色表明她病了，我建议她马上去看医生。(2)wouldrather后的宾语从句，谓语用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。I'dratherthatyoucametomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。I'dratherthatyouhadcomeyesterday.你昨天来了该有多好。[即时演练1](1)完成句子①Hewe(should)startoffearlythenextday.他建议我们第二天要早出发。②HerequestedthatthemeetingtoSaturday.他要求把会议推迟到星期六。(2)单句改错③Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathebesatisfiedwithourwork.suggestedthat(should)beputoffbe→was2．用于主语从句中[语境感悟]①Itisnecessarythatwe(should)cleantheroomeveryday.我们每天打扫房间是有必要的。②Itisimportantthatthestudents(should)dowellinthelessonsfirst.学生们先把功课学好很重要。③Itisstrangethathe(should)notcome.很奇怪，他竟没有来。④Itisapitythatwe(should)notmeetlastnight.真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。⑤Itisdesiredthateveryone(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.要求每一个人在今晚之前要将一切准备好。⑥Itworriesmethatwe(should)beblamedforthat.我们竟要为此受责备真让我烦恼。[知识归纳](1)在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，其结构为“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。主句中的谓语动词形式不限。(2)这类主语从句主要有以下几种句型：①Itissurprising/frightening/curious/desirable/important/strange/necessary/naturalthat...②Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat...③Itissuggested/requested/desired/proposedthat...④Itworriesmethat...3．用于表语从句和同位语从句中[语境感悟]①Myideaisthathe(should)notdohishomeworkfirst.我的想法是他别先做作业。②Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforsightseeing.我们都同意他要我们去北京游览的建议。③Hissuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beheldinthisroomhasbeenaccepted.他的关于在这个房间召开会议的建议被采纳了。④Thedemandisthatthecomposition(should)bewrittenononesideonly.要求是作文应该单面誊写。[知识归纳](1)在表示建议、要求、命令等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。其结构为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。(2)这类名词常见的有：suggestion，proposal，order，request，advice，requirement,command，idea，plan等。二、虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用It's(high/about)time(that)．..句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形(其中should通常不可省略)，句意为“确实到了……的时候了”。Itishightimethatwetook/shouldtakesomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.确实到了我们采取措施解决问题的时候了。三、虚拟语气在asif引导的从句中的应用在asif引导的方式状语和表语从句中，如果从句的动作指现在的情况，则用一般过去时；如果表示过去的动作，则用过去完成时；如果表示将来的动作，则用could/would/might＋动词原形。Helooksasifhewereanartist.他看起来真像个艺术家。HespokeEnglishasifhehadstudieditinEnglandbefore.他英语说得宛如他以前在英国学过一样。[即时演练2]完成句子①Peopletreathimasif.人们把他看作是一个危险人物。②Hetalkedasif/though.他谈起来好像已知道此事。③Sheopenedhermouthasif/though.她张开嘴好像要说什么。hewereadangerouspersonhehadknownitshewouldsaysomething四、虚拟语气在ifonly引导的感叹句中的应用ifonly引导的感叹句，谓语动词要采用虚拟语气，其谓语构成与wish后的宾语从句中的谓语相同。Hefailedintheexamagain.Ifonlyhehadworkedharder.他考试又失败了。要是他更努力些就好了。Ifonlythebankswouldlendmoneywithoutlimit!但愿银行能无限制地贷款！[即时演练3]翻译句子①要是我是一只会飞的鸟儿就好了。②要是我的朋友现在和我在一起就好了。IfonlyIwereaflyingbird.Ifonlymyfriendwereherewithmenow.Ⅰ.完成句子1．Hetalksasifhetomanycountries.他说起话来好像去过好多国家似的。2．Sherequestedthatnooneofherdecision.她要求不要向任何人透露她的决定。3．Themaninsistedthathethemoney.这个人坚持说他绝对没有偷钱。4．Itissuggestedthatyoutheopeningceremony.有人建议你出席开幕典礼。hadbeen(should)betoldhadn'tstolen(should)attendⅡ.句型转换1．Youdon'tknowanythingaboutthefirstspacemaninChina.It'ssurprising.→ItissurprisingyouaboutthefirstspacemaninChina.2．Shedidn'tworkhard，soshefailed.→Ifshehadworkedharder，she.3．Thematerialshouldbeheatedtoitsburningtemperature.Thatisoneoftherequirementsforthefire.→Oneoftherequirementsforthefireisthatthematerialtoitsburningtemperature.shouldn'tknowanythingwouldhavesucceededshouldbeheated4．Hestudiedbusinessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.Robertwishesthat.→Robertwishesthatheinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.5．Hedidn'tcometothemeeting，becausehewasverybusyyesterday.→Hewasverybusyyesterday，otherwisehetothemeeting.6．Ididn'treadthebooksonthereadinglistbeforeIattendedthelecture.IfonlyIhad!→IfonlyIthebooksonthereadinglistbeforeIattendedthelecture.hadstudiedbusinesswouldhavecomehadread7．Hewentoutinthestormandheisdead.→Ifhehadnotgoneoutinthestorm，henow.8．TheinformationreferredtoinmyreportwillbeemailedtoMr.Brownwithoutdelay.Thatismydemand.→MydemandisthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreporttoMr.Brownwithoutdelay.wouldbealiveshouldbeemailedⅢ.语法填空IwasborninatowncalledBlackburn,inthenorthwestofEngland,andlivedtheretillIlefthome1.theageofeighte