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Module5TheFirstAmericansSectionⅡLanguagePoints[Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary(1)]核心要点探究(教材P58)Needless_to_say,_theNativeAmericansresentedthis,whichledtotheirhostileandbrutaltreatmentbytheSpanish.不用说，美洲当地人对此非常反感，这招致了西班牙人充满敌意和残酷的对待。(1)【要点提炼】needlesstosay插入语，本身不作语法成分。插入语属于评注性状语，也叫观念附加语，它不是修饰谓语动词，而是对整个句子进行说明和解释，表明说话人的看法和态度。评注性状语不与它所评注的句子在结构上紧密结合，通常位于句首(间或位于句中或句尾)，常用逗号与句子隔开。Airaswellassunlightis,needlesstosay,indispensabletoourdailylife.不必说，空气像阳光一样，对我们的日常生活不可缺少。评注性状语一般有下列几种形式：①副词：personally，honestly，frankly，obviously，clearly，briefly，luckily，fortunately，naturally，actually等。②副词短语：happilyforsb.，whatisworse，worsestill，strangelyenough，notsurprisingly等。③动词ing短语：...speaking，judgingfrom等。注意这种ing结构与后面句子的主语没有逻辑上的关系，因此不必变成过去分词短语。如generallyspeaking等。④不定式短语：tobehonest，tomakethingsworse，totellthetruth，tobesure，tospeakfrankly等。⑤介词短语：ofcourse，from...pointofview，inshort，inbrief，inaword，toone'ssurprise，asamatteroffact，inactualfact，betweenourselvesyouandme等。⑥形容词或形容词短语：curious，funny，moreimportant，strangetosay说也奇怪，needlesstosay不用说，mostimportantofall最重要的是，等。Honestly,Ithinkyouaremistaken.说实话，我觉得你弄错了。Obviously,nobodyexpectedustobeheretoday.明显地没有人希望我们今天来。Happilyforhim,hisfather'ssecondwifewaskindtohim.使他幸福的是他的继母对他很好。Judgingfromhislooks,heisarichnobleman.从外表看，他是一个富有的贵族。Tobesure,manypeoplemaydisagree.肯定会有许多人不同意。Inaword,wemustmakecarefulpreparationsifwewanttodoourworkwell.总之，如果我们想把工作做好，就要预先做好充分准备。Onemustwaituntilthesoilisdampenough,and,moreimportant,warmenough.一定要等到土壤有足够的湿度，更重要的是，有足够的温度。完成句子①就我个人而言，我认为他不会采访你。____________，Idon'tthinkhe'llinterviewyou.②更糟糕的是，这种酒根本不适合在宴会上喝。____________，thiswinewasnotatallsuitablefordrinkingatabanquet.③说实话，我不喜欢你的发型。____________，Idon'tlikeyourhairstyle.④一般说来，男孩比女孩强壮。____________，aboyisstrongerthanagirl.【答案】①Personally②What'sworse/Tomakethingsworse③Tobehonest④Generallyspeaking(2)resentvt.怨恨；愤恨(后接名词、动词ing形式)Hisfatherseemstoresentmybeinghere.我待在这里，他的父亲似乎不大高兴。Iresentyoursuspicionsaboutmymotive.你怀疑我的动机，我对此十分恼火。IresenthavingtogethispermissionforeverythingIdo.我讨厌做每件事都要得到他的许可。完成句子⑤我必须说我对受到如此待遇感到非常气愤。ImustsayI________________likethat.⑥我恨(极)你的批评。I(strongly/bitterly)________________.【答案】⑤resentbeingtreated⑥resentyourremarks(3)hostileadj.怀敌意的；不友善的；恶意的Idon'tlikehermanner—she'sveryhostile.我不喜欢她的态度——待人如仇敌。Hewasfullofthehostileattitudetomeetus.他遇见我们时充满了敌意。behostileto/towards对……怀有敌意的；反对……的It'snotpolitetobeopenlyhostiletowardsyourteachers.公然对抗老师是不礼貌的。Hewashostiletoanychangeinourplan.他反对我们计划中的任何改变。完成句子⑦你应当考虑不利于植物生长的环境。Youshouldconsiderthe__________forplantstogrowin.⑧我不知道她为什么对我抱有敌意。Idon'tknowwhyshe________________me.【答案】⑦hostilecondition⑧ishostiletomakepeace(withsb.)和解；与……言归于好(教材P59)Eventually,theApachesandthePueblosmadepeacewitheachother,butthearrivaloftheSpanishchangedeverything.最后阿帕切人和普韦布洛人和解，但西班牙人的到来改变了一切。Shewastryingtomakepeacewithhernextdoorneighbors.她试图与隔壁邻居讲和。inpeace平静地；处于平静状态atpeace处于和平/平静状态atpeacewith与……和睦相处peaceandquiet安静；宁静Allthevillagerslivetogetherinpeace.所有村民都和睦相处。Ourcountryisatpeacerightnow.我们的国家现在处于和平状态。完成句子①他同父亲言归于好了。He________________hisfather.②经过6年内战后，这个国家现在处于和平状态。Aftersixyearsofcivilwar,thecountryisnow________________.③请让我安静地工作。Pleaseletmedomywork____________.【答案】①madepeacewith②atpeace③inpeaceinturn结果；转而；反过来；依次，轮流地(教材P59)TheApaches,inturn,raidedSpanishsettlementsandstolecattle,horsesandweapons.反过来，阿帕切人袭击西班牙的驻地，盗走他们的牲口、马匹和武器。Inturn,thishelpstopreventforceddisclosures.反过来，这有助于防止强制泄漏。Pleasecomeupinturntocollectyourbooks.请依次过来取你们的书。byturns轮流地；交替地taketurnstodo/in/atdoing依次；轮流Let'staketurnsatdoingit.让我们轮流来做吧。Wedidtheworkbyturns.我们轮流干这活。完成句子①他们轮流照顾他的妹妹。They________________nursinghissister.②我们船上一共有12人，轮流划桨。Thereweretwelveofusintheboatandwerowed______________.③一般来说，增加生产会增加利润。Generallyspeaking，increasedproductionwill，__________，leadtoincreasedprofits.④轮到你来擦窗户了。____________tocleanthewindows.【答案】①tookturnsin/at②byturns③inturn④It'syourturn