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Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Confuciusisoneofthegreatest(哲学家)inancientChina.2．I'djustliketo(强调)theimportanceofneatnessandpolitenessinthisjob.3．Sheistheparty'smaineconomic(顾问)．4．Shehadworkedforthefirmfortwentyyearsandwasina(职位)oftrust.philosopherstressadviserpositionSectionⅡIntroduction&Reading—LanguagePoints3．n．(常作复数)教导；学说→vt.讲授；教授→n．教师5．He(辞职)fromthecompanyinordertotakeamorechallengingjob.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．adj.平等的→n．平等；相等2．n．重要；重要性→adj.重要的importantequalteacherteachteachingresignedimportanceequality4．adj.有影响的→n．影响vt.影响；感染5．n．仁慈；善良→adj.善良的influentialinfluencekindnesskind[巧记单词]equalityequal(adj.)＋ity→n.importanceimportant(adj.)变t为ce→n.influentialinfluence(n.)变ce为t＋ial→adj.派生词kindnesskind(adj.)＋ness→构成名词Ⅲ.补全短语1．besimilar与……相似2．Bewarwith与……交战3．bring养育，抚养；提出4．one'sadvice采纳某人的建议5．becomefamous因……而出名6．insome在某些方面7．aresult结果；因此8．believe相信；信奉toatupfollowforwaysasin1．[教材原句]Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。[句型点拨]theway后跟that/inwhich引导的定语从句，that/inwhich可以省略。[佳句赏析]我们不仅仅是外表相像，而且我们的笑容和走路方式都非常相像。Wearesimilarnotonlyinappearancebutalsointhewaythatwesmileandwalk.2．[教材原句]Formanyyearshetravelledfromstatetostate,teachingtheprinciplesofConfucius.多年来他一直周游列国，宣传孔子的学说。[句型点拨]现在分词短语作伴随状语。[佳句赏析]昨晚，Mike给我打了个电话，对缺席我的婚礼表示歉意。Lastnight,Mikemadeacalltome,sayingsorryforhisabsencefrommyweddingceremony.3．[教材原句]Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。[句型点拨]Thereasonwhy...isthat...“……的原因是……”。[佳句赏析]政府决定推迟建新机场计划的原因就是：该计划遭受到当地农民的反对。Thereasonwhythegovernmentdecidedtoputofftheplanstobuildanewairportwasthattheplanmetwithoppositionfromlocalfarmers.1．Allhumanbeingsareequal.(P41)平等。★equaladj.相等的；平等的v．等于；比得上n．同等的人，相等物①Womenaredemandingequalpayforequalwork.妇女要求同工同酬。beequalin在……方面比得上equalsb./sth.in...在……方面比得上……beequaltosth./doingsth.等于；与……相等；胜任……onequalterms在对等的条件下withoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比equalityn.平等equallyadv.相等地，平等地②Heisequaledbynooneinstrength.谁也赶不上他力气大。③Hethetask.他胜任这项任务。④Thoughsheisyoung,sheinmusic.尽管她很年轻，在音乐方面没有人能比得上她。isequaltohasnoequal2．AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.(P43)古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。★beatwarwith与……交战①Thegovernmenttroopsareatwarwithoppositionforces.政府军和反对派武装分子正处于交战状态。declarewaron...对……宣战“beat＋不带冠词的名词”可表示“从事某工作”或“处于某种状态”atwork在工作atschool在上学athome在家atlunch在吃午饭atpeace处于和平状态atrest在休息②BritaindeclaredwaronGermanyin1914.英国在1914年向德国宣战。③WhenIreturnhome,theyare.当我回家时，他们都还在上班。④She'sneverwithherself.她总是静不下来。atworkatpeace3．Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.(P43)他强调仁爱、责任和秩序在社会中的重要性。★stressvt.强调；施压于；使紧张n.强调；压力；重音①Herstressgrewwiththejobinterviewdrawingnearerandnearer.随着面试的靠近，她的压力也在增加。understress在压力之下underthestressof在……压力下lay/place/putstresson强调……stresstheimportanceof强调……的重要性②Jane'sbeensincehermother'sillness.自从母亲病后，Jane一直忧心忡忡。③Heagoodeducation.他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。④Theheavytractorsthestonebridge.沉重的拖拉机给石桥以很大压力。★ordern．秩序；顺序；命令；订单v.订购；点菜⑤Policemenkeeporderinthestreets.警察在街上维持秩序。understressstressedtheimportanceofputstressoninorder有序地；整齐地outoforder发生故障；次序颠倒inorderof按……顺序placeanorderforsth.withsb.向某人订购某物ordersb.todo...命令某人做……orderthat...命令……[从句谓语动词用“(should)do”]⑥Mycomputeris.我的电脑有问题。⑦Heplacedanorderacaracarfactoryforhisson.他向一家汽车制造厂为儿子订购了一辆汽车。⑧Thecaptainorderedthatweatonce.队长命令我们立刻出发。outoforderforwith(should)setoff4．Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.(P43)他早年丧父，由其母亲抚养成人。★bringup教育，抚养(孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐①Hewasborninthecountrybutwasbroughtupinthecity.他在乡下出生，在城市里长大。bringout使显现；说明；出版bringabout引起，导致bringdown降低；减少bringin吸引；引进；赚得bring...toanend使结束，停止bringback使想起②Sciencehasmanychangesinourlives.科学为我们的生活带来很多变化。③Asisknowntoall,JapanesealotofwordsfromChinese.众所周知，日语从汉语引进了许多单词。④Thecompanyisbringingoutanewsportscar.公司正在生产一种新跑车。broughtaboutbroughtin5．However,whenhesawthattherulerwasnotfollowinghisadvice,heresigned.(P43)然而，当他看到统治者不采纳他的建议时，他便辞去了官职。★resignv．辞职；放弃(权利)①Bobisnotworkinginourschoolyet.Heissaidtohaveresigned.鲍勃已不在我们学校工作了，据说他已经辞职了。resignfrom...辞去……职务resignas...辞去当……的职务resignoffice辞职resignoneselftosth./doingsth.听任；顺从resignationn.辞呈②Mr.SmitheventuallyresignedhispositionasChiefexecutive.史密斯先生最终辞去了执行总裁的职位。③Mr.Smiththeunionlastyear.去年，史密斯先生辞去了工会的职务。④Youmustresignyourselvesto(wait)abitlonger.你们得耐心地多等一会。resignedfromwaiting1．Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.(P43)但那也是一个产生众多哲学家的时期。★Itis/wasatimewhen...“那是一个……的时期”，when引导定语从句。time句型总结：(1)Itistimeforsb.todo...到了某人做……的时候了。(2)Itistimethat...(that从句动词用shoulddo或一般过去时)到了……时候了。(3)It/This/Thatisthefirst/second.../lasttimethatsb.have/hasdone...这是某人第几次做……。(4)It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second.../lasttimethatsb.haddone...这是某人第几次做……。①TherewasatimewhenIwouldhaveresponded,butnothinggoodeverseemedtocomeofthat.曾有一段时间我有求必应，但是没发现啥好处。②Itistimetoschool.到了我们上学的时候了。③Itistimethatwe(make)adecision.是我们作出决定的时候了。④Itisthesecondtimethathe(be)China.这是他第二次去中国。forustogomadehasbeento2．Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.(P43)孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人性本善。★thereasonwhy...isthat...为固定句型，意思是“……的理由/原因是……”，其中that不可换为because。(1)This/Thatisbecause...这/那是因为……，because在此句式中引导表语从句。(2)Thisiswhy...这是……的原因。①Thereasonwhyhebrokedownwas