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03TheViolenceofNaturePeriodⅣWriting文体指导：自然灾害或灾难性事件主要是指自然灾害或人类行为导致的灾难性事件。命题人通常会以世界上发生的自然灾难及其救援活动命题。作文常由灾害或灾难报道引出，要求考生就事件、预防措施、灾难事件发生时的自救方法和面对灾难的态度等进行答题。注意事项：1.要说明灾害发生的时间、地点、危害；2.对自然灾害的补救措施及经验教训和建议；3.要采用客观表述，避免主观色彩。常用句式1.Theflood/earthquakeoccurred/happened/struckat...2.Theflood/earthquakecausedgreatdamage/lossto...3.Itisterrible/terrifying.4.Ihaveexperiencedoneofthemostterrible/terrifying/dangerous/violentdisastersintheworld.5.Theflood/earthquakemade/left...，peoplehomeless.6.Theflood/earthquakecausedmanydeathsandinjuries.7.Theflood/earthquakemademanyhousesinruins.8.Luckily/Fortunatelynoonewaskilled/injured.9.Sadly/Unfortunatelymanypeoplewerekilled/injuredintheflood.10.Manypeoplecametohelp/rescuethemoutofthedisaster.【典题示例】最近几年，中国各地经常发生洪涝灾害，给人们的生活和社会造成极大的危害。请根据以下内容要点，写一篇英语文章，叙述洪涝发生时的情况，词数100个左右。1.损失：农田被毁，房屋被冲走，很多人无家可归；2.洪涝灾害的原因：下雨达数月，森林被砍伐，湖泊被改造成农田；3.补救措施：保护河边树木，重建堤坝，退耕还湖；4.相信经过各方努力，我们一定能最大限度地降低自然灾害造成的危害。审题谋篇1．体裁：________________________2．话题：________________________3．时态：根据情景选择适当的时态4．人称：________________________5．结构：总—分—总答案1．说明文'2.自然灾害'4.第三人称词汇推敲1．发生________________________2．造成巨大损失________________________3．冲走________________________4．砍伐，砍倒________________________5．变成________________________6．采取措施做________________________7．阻止……做……________________________答案1.occur；happen2.causeagreatloss；do/causegreatdamage3.washaway'4.cutdown'5.turninto6.takemeasurestodo'7.prevent...fromdoing...句式锻造1．一句多译①中国多地发生严重的洪涝灾害。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②很多人无家可归。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．按要求改写句式①农田被毁害，房屋被冲走，许多人无家可归。Thefloodsruinfields，washawayhouses，andmakemanypeoplehomeless.(改为被动语态)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②一些湖泊被改造成农田，这对我们的生存环境造成严重危害。Somelakeshavebeenturnedintofields，andithasseriouslydamagedourlivingenvironment.(改为非限制性定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案1.①ThereareseriousfloodsinmanyplacesinChina.Seriousfloodshit/strikemanyplacesinChina.②Manypeoplelosetheirhomes.Manypeoplebecome/aremade/arelefthomeless.2.①Fieldsareruined,housesarewashedaway,andmanypeoplearemadehomeless.②Somelakeshavebeenturnedintofields,whichhasseriouslydamagedourlivingenvironment.范文赏析Inrecentyears,floodshitmanyplacesinChina.Whendisasters,suchasfloods,stormsorearthquakestakeplace,muchdamagecanbedonetoourlifeandsociety.Fieldsareruined,housesarewashedaway,leavingmanypeoplehomeless.Therearethreereasonsforfloods.Firstly,floodsusuallyhavekeptrainingformonths.Secondly,largeareasofforestshavebeencutdown,makingsoilswashedawayeasily.Finally,somelakeshavebeenturnedintofields,whichhasseriouslydamagedourlivingenvironment.Therefore,wemusttakemeasurestopreventsuchdisastersfromhappeningagain.Forexample,wecanprotecttreesalongtherivers;damshavetoberebuilt,andalsosomefieldsshouldbeturnedbackintolakes.I'msureonlysucheffortshavebeenmadecanwepreventdisastersanddeclinetheirdamagetous.2008年5月12日，我国四川省发生了8级特大地震。人民的生命财产遭受了极大的损失。1．建筑被夷为平地，许多人被埋在废墟底下；2．道路和通讯设施被毁，与外界失去了联系；3．许多中、小学校舍坍塌，只有少数师生得以生还；4．部队医疗队赶赴受灾地点，冒着生命危险连日奋战；5．全国人民捐钱捐物，为灾区献爱心；6．一些国家和组织也纷纷解囊相助；7．灾区人民积极组织自救；8．你自己的看法……要求：1.文章必须涵盖所有的要点，可以适当发挥；2．表达流畅，语言符合规范。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案OnMay12th,2008,aworstearthquakeinthepastdecadesstruckSichuanProvince,China.Peoplesufferedgreatlossintheirlivesandproperty.Mostbuildingswererazedtothegroundintheworsthitareaswithsomanypeople,includingschoolstudents,buriedunderneaththeruins.Roadsandcommunicationfacilitieshavebeencompletelydestroyed,whichcutoffthehitareasfromtheoutside.Alargenumberofschoolbuildingscollapsedandonlyafewteachersandstudentsescaped.Fortunately,ourgovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestorescuethosetrappedandburied.Troopsandmedicalteamsrushedtodigforsurvivorsandtreattheinjuredwithoutamoment'srest.Thepeopleofthesurroundingcountrysidehelpeddonatefoodandwaterforthoseaffected.FinancialaidhasbeenpouringinfromalloverChina.Substantialdonationsfromothercountriesandhumanitarianorganizationshavealsobeenoffered.Ibelievewecancertainlyovercomethedisasterwiththepublicandthegovernmentworkingtogether.