2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 Music Section Ⅱ Grammar课件

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一、时间状语从句时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间,由连词引导。本单元主要学习when,while,as及bythetime引导的时间状语从句。1.when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用,主句和从句中的动作或状态可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。Whentheyheardthenews,theywereveryexcited.当他们听到这个消息时,非常激动。(hear是短暂性动词)WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。(live是延续性动词)[名师点津](1)when还可作并列连词,意为“就在这个时候”。IwaswatchingTVwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.我正在看电视,这时突然有人敲门。(2)when还可译为“这时;就在那时”,常用于以下句型:①beabouttodo...when正要做……这时②bedoing...when正在做……这时③haddone...when刚做完……就2.while引导时间状语从句时,从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。While/Whenshewasreadinganovel,shecried.她看小说的时候哭了。Theyrushedinwhilewewerediscussingproblems.我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。[名师点津]while还可以引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管”。另外,while还可用作并列连词,表示“然而”。While/Although/Thoughheisyoung,hehasbeentomanycountries.虽然他很小,但他去过很多国家。Somemenwererich,whileothersarepoor.一些人很富有,而其他人很贫穷。3.as引导时间状语从句时,常表示两个动作交替进行或同时发生,可译作“一边……一边……;随着”。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他匆忙回家去,一边走一边回头望。Astimewenton,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.随着时间的推移,天越来越暖和了。4.bythetime引导时间状语从句时,一般情况下,如果从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时;如果从句用一般现在时,主句则用将来完成时。BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadygone.我到达火车站时,火车已经开走了。Bythetimeheretires,hewillhaveworkedfor35years.到退休时,他将工作满35年。[考情分析]状语从句包括时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、目的和结构状语从句。统计近几年的高考英语试题及各地的模拟试题可以看出,每套试题中时间状语从句所占比重最大,试题中会出现不同性质的连词,如as可以引导时间状语从句也可作并列连词使用,表示对比关系。[即时训练1]单句填空1.Wheneveryou______(buy)apresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver'spointofview.2.Itwasthemiddleofthenightwhenmyfather______(wake)meupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.3.Asyougothroughthisbook,you_________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.4.Shecameacrossanoldfriendofhersyesterdaywhileshe____________(shop)atthedepartmentstore.5.Thepassengers_______________(enjoy)themselveswhenasmallratstoleoutfromthebagofayoungman.buywokewillfindwasshoppingwereenjoying二、过去完成时1.基本用法过去完成时的构成为“had+过去分词”。主要用法如下:(1)表示某一动作或存在的状态发生在过去某一时间或某一动作之前,即“过去的过去”。Bytheendoflastweek,theyhadfinishedthework.到上周末为止,他们已经完成了工作。WhenJackarrived,helearnedMaryhadbeenawayforalmostanhour.当杰克到时,他得知玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。[名师点津]过去完成时常常用在宾语从句中,从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作(过去时)之前。Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomework.她说她已完成家庭作业了。(2)某些动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、计划或打算。常用的动词有hope,expect,suppose,think,want,wish等。Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldn'tgethereintime.他们本来想要来帮忙的,但未能及时赶到这儿。IhadhopedtosendhimaChristmascard,butIforgottodoso.我本来想送他一张圣诞节贺卡,但把这事给忘了。2.过去完成时在几个重点句型中的应用(1)在nosooner...than,hardly...when句型中,主句用过去完成时,意为“一……就;刚……就”。Ihadhardlysteppedintotheclassroomwhenthebellrang.我一踏入教室的门,铃就响了。Nosoonerhadherushedoutthanthehousefelldown.他刚冲出去房子就塌了。(2)在itwasthefirsttimethat...句型中,that从句常用过去完成时。Itwasthefirsttimethathehadeverspokentomeinsuchatune.这是他第一次用这样的语调跟我讲话。3.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时侧重发生在过去的客观事实;而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”,一定有一个表示过去的参照点。Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor30minuteswhenabusfinallycame.当公交车最终来的时候,我已在车站等了三十分钟。Heonceworkedasateacherfor5years,butnowheisasuccessfulmanager.他曾经做过5年教师,但现在他是一位成功的经理。[考情分析]动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重。过去完成时是高考命题的热点之一,而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽,注重在语境中考查动词的时态,试题难度呈现加大的趋势,对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高。因此做题时要吃透语境,善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息,克服汉语式的惯性思维,把时态和语态结合在一起,进行综合考虑。[即时训练2]Ⅰ.单句填空1.JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedI_________(leave)mybookinthecafe.2.Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whoI_________(notsee)foryears.3.Sofialookedaroundatallthefaces:shehadtheimpressionthatshehadseen(see)mostoftheguestsbefore.4.Itwasthefirsttimethathe_________(visit)theGreatWall.hadlefthadn'tseenhadvisitedⅡ.根据汉语意思完成句子1.到去年为止,已经出版了30,000本书。Bylastyear,30,000books___________________.2.她说她还没看过那部小说。Shesaidthatshe____________thenovelyet.3.我们本来希望能来看看你。We____________tobeabletocomeandseeyou.4.这是她第三次被他的话伤害。Itwasthethirdtimethatshe_________hurtbyhiswords.hadbeenpublishedhadn'treadhadhopedhadbeen5.他说他已经告诉我们要买什么了。Hesaidhe_________uswhattobuy.6.这对双胞胎已经完成了他们的家庭作业,他们被允许在操场上打羽毛球。Thetwins,who____________theirhomework,____________toplaybadmintonintheplayground.hadtoldhadfinishedwereallowedⅠ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.IrememberedI_________(tell)herthetruthyet.2.Beforehe______(move)tothecountryside,he_________(live)intownfortenyears.3.Thebus_________(go)whenIarrivedatthebusstop.4.He_________(copy)thereportthreetimesbytenlastnight.5.Tomhadthoughtofvisitinghisgrandmother,butthebadweather______(make)himchangehismind.6.Thevegetablesdidn'ttasteverygood.They_______________(cook)toolong.hadn'ttoldmovedhadlivedhadgonehadcopiedmadehadbeencooked7.She____________(change)herhairstyleinherhometownbeforeshecametoChongqingforabetterjob.8.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreetI_________(notice)apolicecarinfrontofthebuilding.9.Bythetimehe______(get)home,thelight_________(go)out.10.BeforeIcouldexpressmythankstohim,he____________(disappear)intherain.(had)changednoticedgothadgonehaddisappearedⅡ.用适当的连词填空1.Ihadjustgotupandwasabouttocookmybreakfast_______thetelephonerangloudly,butithungup_______Icouldanswerit.2.It'sbeenyears_______Ienjoyedmyselfsomuchaslastnight.3.You'dbettertakedownallthekeypoints_______thememoryisstillfreshinyourmind.4.—Youseemtohavehadthatcarforyears.—Yes,Ishouldsellit_______itstillruns.5.Shehadgoldenhairwhenshewasachild,but_______shegotolderandolder,herhairwentdarkeranddarker.whenbeforesincewhile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