Module3LiteratureSectionⅢGrammar——倒装句和强调句语境自主领悟先观察原句①Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.②Thedooroftheclassroomopenedandoutrushedthechildren.③NeverhaveIheardanythinglikeit!语境自主领悟先观察原句④Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.⑤Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed,wasthemanabletospeak.⑥ItwasOliverTwistwhowaschosen.语境自主领悟后自主感悟1.句①②中谓语动词全部放在主语之前,是。2.句③④⑤中部分谓语动词放在了主语之前,是。3.句⑥是,本句中强调,故可用who,其余无论强调什么,一律使用。完全倒装部分倒装强调句型人that语法精要点拨一、倒装在英语中,有时为了强调或为了保持句子的平衡,把谓语的一部分或整个谓语提到主语之前,这就是倒装。就其形式来说,分为两种:一种是把整个谓语放在主语之前,即全部倒装;另一种是把谓语的一部分,即助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,即部分倒装。1.全部倒装(1)here,there,now,then,away,down,in,off,out等副词位于句首且句子主语为名词时,用全部倒装。Nowcomesthechance.现在机会来了。TherestandsaleaningtowerinthecityofPisa.比萨城内矗立着一座斜塔。Upwentthearrowintothesky.箭射向了天空。[名师点津]上述结构中,若主语句子是代词时,则不用倒装;而且在这类句子中句子的谓语动词多为go,come,rush,run,fly等。Herehecomes.他来了。(2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时,句子要全部倒装。Bytheriverstandsabigpapermakingfactory.河边有一家大型造纸厂。(3)为使上下文衔接紧密或保持句子平衡,常把作表语的形容词、副词、分词等提到句首,且句子全部倒装。Gonearethedayswhenpeoplewereatthemercyofweather.人们靠天气吃饭的日子一去不复返了。[即时演练1]完成句子(使用倒装形式)①Now(轮到你了).②(男孩们就冲出去了)whenthebellrang.③Infrontofthestage(站着一位歌唱家).stoodasingercomesyourturnOutrushedtheboys2.部分倒装(1)当only修饰状语(副词或介词短语)或状语从句且位于句首时,用部分倒装。Onlyinthemorningcanyoumeethim.你只有在早晨能见到他。(2)never,seldom,bynomeans,notuntil,innoway等具有否定意义的副词(短语)放在句首时,用部分倒装。LittledidIknowaboutit.我对它了解得不多。[名师点津]only修饰的如果是句子的主语,或者修饰状语但不位于句首,不用倒装语序。Onlyyouknowmysecret.只有你知道我的秘密。Shefinishedtheworkonlyyesterday.她昨天才完成工作的。(3)在“so/such...that...”句型中,so/such...置于句首时,主句要部分倒装。Sointerestingisthatstorythateveryonewantstoreadit.那个故事那么有趣,以至于大家都想读。(4)notonly...butalso...,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...中,notonly,nosooner,hardly/scarcely位于句首时,其后的句子要部分倒装。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.讨人喜欢不仅与积极生活的结果有关,而且也是造成这些结果的原因。(5)as引导的让步状语从句必须部分倒装,though引导的让步状语从句可倒装,也可不倒装。两者的倒装形式为“形容词/副词/分词/动词+as/though+主语+谓语”。Carefullyas/thoughheworked,hemadesomemistakes.尽管他工作很细心,但还是出了些差错。[名师点津]如果将单数可数名词提前,则不用冠词。(6)在含有were,should或had的虚拟条件句中,可以省略if,把were,should或had提前,构成倒装。Werehehere,wewouldhavenodifficultywithit.要是他在这儿的话,我们就不会有难处了。(7)“so/nor/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”属于部分倒装,该结构表示前面所述情况也适用于另一主语。—TomcanspeakChinese.—SocanMary.——汤姆会说中文。——玛丽也会。Hedidn'tgooutyesterday,neitherdidI.昨天他没出去,我也没出去。[名师点津]“so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”结构则表示对别人所说的话加以肯定,译作“确实,正是”。—WeiFangwenttothecinemalastnight.—Soshedid.——魏芳昨晚去看电影了。——她的确去看电影了。[巧学助记]部分倒装口诀副词开头要倒装,人称代词非如常;only修饰副介状,位于句首半倒装;否定意义副连词,位于句首须倒装;表语前置主语长,衔接自然常倒装;such代词作表语,引起主谓要倒装;notonly开头句,前一分句须倒装;had,were,should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。[即时演练2]句型转换①Althoughyoumighttry,youcan'tmakeupforthelosttime.→,youcan'tmakeupforthelosttime.②Theyworkedsohardthattheyfinishedtheirworkaheadoftime.→Sohardthattheyfinishedtheirworkaheadoftime.③Ididn'tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomeworklastnight.→NotuntilIfinishedmyhomeworklastnighttobed.Tryas/thoughyoumightdidtheyworkdidIgo二、强调句1.强调句的基本构成:Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他。指人时可用who或that,其他一律用that。ItwasTomwholedtheway.(强调主语)是汤姆带的路。ItwasMrGreenwho/thatIspoketo.(强调宾语)我是跟格林先生说的话。Itisintheparkthatwetakeawalk.(强调地点状语)我们是在公园里散步的。[名师点津](1)强调句用来强调除谓语之外的句子成分。(2)如果句子用的是过去的某种时态,强调结构中就用was;如果句子用的是现在的某种时态,强调结构中就用is。2.强调句的疑问句(1)一般疑问句:Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他成分?Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗?(2)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子的其他成分?Wherewasitthatyoupickedupthewallet?你是在哪里捡到这个钱包的?3.not...until强调句型:Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他成分。ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmeyesterdaythatIrealizedallmymistakes.直到昨天你告诉我,我才意识到全部错误。4.强调句的判断方式:把Itis/was...that/who...去掉,如果剩下的成分能组成完整的句子,就是强调句型。[即时演练3]用强调句型改写下列句子①MrLiteachesusEnglish.(强调主语)②IphonedMrBlackjustnow.(强调宾语)③Wehadaconversationinmyoffice.(强调状语)ItisMrLiwho/thatteachesusEnglish.ItwasMrBlackthat/whoIphonedjustnow.Itwasinmyofficethatwehadaconversation.语法应用落实Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.MrSmithneverdoesanyreadingintheevening;doesMrsSmith.2.thegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether,AIDSrelateddeathswouldnothavefallensincetheirhighestin2005.3.Itwasbecausehewaslatehewascriticizedbytheteacher.4.Notuntilrecentlytheyencouragethedevelopmentoftouristrelatedactivitiesintheruralareas.norHaddidthat5.OnlywhenheapologizesforhisrudenessIspeaktohimagain.6.beautifulistheriverthatitattractsmanytouristseveryyear.7.Southoftheriver(lie)asmallfactory.8.Nosoonerhadwereachedthestationthetrainwasoff.9.There(come)thebus.Let'shurryup.10.—isitthatmakesyousohappy?—Thefactthatourvolleyballteamhasgotintothefinal.willSoliesthancomesWhatⅡ.单句改错(每句仅有1处错误)1.ItwasonSundaymorningwhentheaccidenthappened.2.Itismethatshouldbepunishedforit.3.Betweenthetwovillageslieafactory.when→that/去掉onme→Ilie→lies4.ItwasontheplaygroundwhereIfoundthewallet.5.Notuntil9:00amyesterdaywesetoutforourtrip.6.Onlyinthiswayyoulearnfromyourmistakes.where→thatwe前加didyou前加can7.Itwasheradvicewhichmademeabetterspeakerandfullofconfidence.8.Seldomtheygohomebecauseitisfarawayfromthem.which→thatSeldom后加do9.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolwhyMr.Smithgotangry?10.Notonlyourparentsgiveuslife,buttheyalsogiveusendlessloveandsupport.why→thatNotonly后加do