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Module3ForeignFood［话题导读］导语：饮食是一种文化。看看西方餐桌上的礼仪吧。这将更好地帮助你了解中西方饮食文化有什么不同。TABLEMANNERSATADINNERPARTYPeoplewhogotoaformalWesterndinnerpartyforthefirsttimemaybesurprisedbytablemannersinWesternculture.Knowingthemwillhelpyoumakeagoodimpression.Havinggoodtablemannersmeansknowing，forexample，howtouseknivesandforks，whentodrinkatoastandhowtobehaveatthetable.Besideyournapkin(餐巾)youwillfindasmallbreadrollandthreeglasses—oneforwhitewine，oneforredwine，andoneforwater.Therearetwopairsofknivesandforksonthetable，forksontheleftandknivesontherightoftheplate.Whenyouseetwospoons，thebigoneisforthesoupandthesmalloneisforthedessert.Theknifeandforkthatisclosesttoyourplateisalittlebitbiggerthanthepairbesidethem.Whenyousitdownatthetable，youcantakeyournapkin，unfolditandputitonyourlap.InChinayouusuallygetahot，dampclothtocleanyourfaceandhands，which，however，isnotthecustominWesterncountries.Dinnerstartswithasmalldish，whichisoftencalledastarter.Somepeoplepraybeforetheystarteating，andotherpeoplemaykeepsilentforamoment.Thenyoucansay“Enjoyyourmeal”toeachotherandeverybodystartseating.Forthestarter，whichyoueatwiththesmallerpair，youkeeptheknifeinyourrighthandandtheforkinyourleft.Afterthestarteryouwillgetabowlofsoup—butonlyonebowlofsoupandneveraskforasecondserving.Thenextdishisthemaincourse.ManyWesternersthinkthechickenbreastwithitstender(嫩的)whitefleshisthebestpartofthebird.Somepeoplecanusetheirfingerswheneatingchickenorotherbirds，butnevertouchbeeforothermeatonbones.Itispolitetofinisheatingeverythingonyourplate，sodon'ttakemorefoodthanyouneed.Attable(在吃饭，在进餐)，youshouldtrytospeakquietlyandsmilealot，butdonotlaughallthetime.SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读［先读通］Passage1Chinesepeoplethinkalotaboutfood.Infact,Ithinkthattheyaresometimesobsessed①withit.MyfirstexperienceofthisaspectofChineseculturecameatabanquet②duringatriptoBeijingin1998.IhadeatenChinesefoodoften,butIcouldnothaveimaginedhowfabulous③arealChinesebanquetcouldbe.Thefirstsixorsevendishes④seemedtofillthetable,withplatesdangerouslybalanced⑤oneontopofanother⑥.Ithoughtthisvastwaveoffoodwasthetotalnumberofdishestobeserved⑦，andIstartedeatinggreedily⑧.Everyoneelsejusttastedabitofeachdishandthenputtheirchopsticks⑨down，continuingtochat⑩.“Theycan'thaveverybigappetites⑪，”Ithought.Tomysurprise⑫，moredishesarrived,plussoups,sidedishes,anddesserts⑬.Therewasenoughtofeedawholearmy.Nowonder⑭myfellowguestshadhadonlyafewbitesofeachdish;theyknewwhatwasstilltocome.ButIwasalreadysofullthatIcouldonlywatchasthebanquetcontinued⑮.Anotheraspectof“foodculture”isthattheChineseseemtoeatalmosteverypartofeveryanimal⑯—muchtothehorrorofmanywesterners⑰.Stomach，intestines⑱，ears,tongue⑲，tail,hoof⑳，andlungsarealllikelytoendup○21onthedinnertableinfrontofyou.Thefirsttime○22Isawathreeyearoldkidcheerfullychewing○23achicken'sheadIhadbaddreamsforweeks.ThesedaysIenjoythatsortoffoodmyself.Onarecenttripto○24theUnitedStatesIsuddenlyfeltlike○25someChinesedelicacies○26，andaskedtheguyatthemeatcounterofasupermarket，“Doyouhavepigs'ears？”“No，”hesaid,pullingathisownear○27，“justtheseordinaryones.”Hemusthavethought○28Iwasjoking.However，thereareotherkindsoffoodsthathavetakenlongerformetoaccept○29.Theinfamous○30choudoufuisanexample.(Thenamesaysitall：“stinkytofu”．)JustwhenIgotusedto○31it,IfoundanothervarietyonatriptoHunan:deepfriedchoudoufu，ahorribleblacksubstancethatlookedandsmelledaboutasappetising○32asaburnttennisshoe○33.MaybeI'llgetusedtothat，too—someday○34.Passage2ThefirsttimeIateBritishfoodIwasinthecanteenofaLondonpublisher.Somepeoplejustsatdownonthesofatoeat.Iwasamazedat○35theireasyandgracefulmanner○36while○37Istoodtherefeelingsomewhatconfusedbythefood○38.Atthecountertherewerecolourfulmixturesineightorninebigboxes.Itwasquitehardtomakeout○39whattheycontained○40.Thewaiterputthesefoodsinsidebreadorpotatoesaccordingtopeople'srequirements○41.IstillrememberwhatIate：atuna○42fishandcheesesandwich.Itdidn'tactuallytastebad，buttomethecoldfish,coldcheese,andeventhebreadfromthefridge,wasamealthatwouldmakeyoufeelcoldinside○43.Later，Ifoundout○44thatBritishpeoplelikecoldfood.Theirsalad，forexample,ismadefrom○45vegetableswhichareonlywashedbeforeserving,whileChinesefoodispreparedmorecarefully.TheChinesehaveafixed○46phrase“coldleftovers”.Coldfoodmeanspoverty—youdon'tgiveittoaguest!NowonderwesternerslikeChinesefood.IalsolearnedthattheEnglishliketomixfoodbeforeservingitatthetable.Ionceorderedmushroom○47soupinarestaurantandwasastonishedwhenitwasbroughttothetable.ItseemedtobejustabowlofgreyliquidanditwasonlyafterIhadtasteditthatIknewitwasactuallycookedwithmushrooms.Thethingsinsidesandwichesandbakedpotatoesarealsovariouskindsofmashed○48food,likethefillings○49ofjiaoziinBeijing.Thefoodheregoesagainst○50theChinesesenseofbeautyandstyleatthedinnertable.Chinesedishescanbephotographed○51andhaveaniceappearance.Wewouldnevermashfoodintoanunrecognisable○52shape.What'smore○53，thenamesofmanykindsofEnglishfoodarehardtoremember○54.Infact,theyoftenuseFrenchorItalianwords.ButonethingIdo○55admireisthepolitemannerinwhichBritishpeopleeat,evenifitisjustapo