搜索
SectionⅣGrammar&Writing语法专项突破写作能力提升动词的ing形式作状语①Will，stillwatching，sawthecatbehavecuriously.②Whenithadgonepasthecrossedtheroad，keepinghiseyesonthespotwherethecathadbeeninvestigating.③Whilesittingbyapool，Ferdinandseesafrog.④Beforeleavinghiskingdom，hecallshissontohim.⑤Notknowingheraddress，Ican'twritetohertoexpressmygratitude.⑥Havinglivedwiththegirlforfiveyears，weallknowherverywell.[我的结论]1．六个例句中的动词ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的。2．在例句③中，动词ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作发生；在例句④中，动词ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作发生。3．由例句⑤可知，动词ing形式的否定式是在ing形式前面加。4．由例句⑥可知，动词ing形式的完成式为。主语同时之后nothavingdone一、动词的ing形式及含义[语境感悟]①Manypeoplestoodatthestop，waitingforthebus.许多人站在停车点等车。(waitingforthebus是与stand同时进行的动作。)②Beingwelllookedafter，thechildgrowstallandstrong.被照顾得很好，这个孩子长得又高又壮。(Beingwelllookedafter是与grow同时进行的动作。)③Havingworkedforawholeday，hefeltverytired.工作了一整天，他感到很累。(work是发生在谓语动作feel之前的动作。)④Havingbeenfinished，thebookshouldbereturnedtothelibrary.已经读完了，这本书应该被还回图书馆了。(书先读完然后才还回图书馆，所以用现在分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动词动作之前的动作。)[知识归纳]分类主动式被动式意义一般式doingbeingdone与谓语动词动作同时进行或紧接着发生完成式havingdonehavingbeendone发生在谓语动词动作之前否定式notdoing/nothaving(been)done二、动词的ing形式的用法1．作时间状语[语境感悟]①Shoppinginthemall(WhileIwasshoppinginthemall)，IencounteredMary，myfriendfromchildhood.在商场购物时，我遇到了儿时的朋友玛丽。(encounter与shop同时发生)②Openingthedooroftheoffice(Whenheopenedthedoorofhisoffice)，hesawafigurejumpingoutofthewindow.打开办公室的门，他发现一个身影从窗子跳了出去。(open与see紧接着发生)③Havingfinishedhishomework(Afterhefinishedhishomework)，theboywentouttoplay.完成作业后，男孩出去玩了。(finish发生在goout之前)[知识归纳]通常放在句首，有时在句中或句末，相当于when或while等引导的时间状语从句。[即时演练1]句型转换①Whenshesawnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.→,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.②Arrivinghome,hefoundthedoorlocked.→,hefoundthedoorlocked.③Whenshearrivedattheparty,shefoundallthepeoplegone.→attheparty,shefoundallthepeoplegone.SeeingnobodyathomeWhenhearrivedhomeOnarriving2．作原因状语[语境感悟]①Beingastudent(Asyouareastudent)，youshouldconcentratemostofyourattentiononyourstudy.作为一名学生，你应该将主要的注意力集中在学习上。②Notknowinghowtodealwiththedifficultsituation(Becausehedidn'tknowhowtodealwiththedifficultsituation)，heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.不知道如何应对这种困难的形势，他向老师求助。[知识归纳]通常放在句首，相当于as，because，since，nowthat等引导的原因状语从句。[即时演练2]单句语法填空①(know)theplaceverywell,Iactedastheirguide.②(be)anxiousabouthischild'ssafety,hecouldn'tfallasleep.③Pressedfromhisparents,and(realize)thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.KnowingBeingrealizing3．作条件状语[语境感悟]①Turningtotheleft(Ifyouturntotheleft)，youwillseethebridge.向左拐，你就看到桥了。②Youcan'tfindthesecretcave，unlessfollowingalocalguide(unlessyoufollowalocalguide)．如果你不跟着一位当地向导，你就找不到这个隐蔽的山洞。[知识归纳]可以在句首也可在句末，相当于if，unless引导的条件状语从句。[即时演练3](1)单句语法填空①(work)hardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.②(see)fromthetopofthetower,youwillgetagoodview.③Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,(keep)onyourfeet.(2)完成句子④(仔细阅读),you'lllearnsomethingnew.⑤(整天玩),youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.WorkingSeeingkeepingReadingcarefullyPlayingallday4．作让步状语，多置于句首[语境感悟]①Beingpoor，theoldmanwashappy.虽然穷，但老人很幸福。②KnowingwhereIlive，henevercomestoseeme.尽管知道我住哪里，他从来也没有来看过我。[知识归纳]相当于一个让步状语从句。有时分词前可以有连接词although，evenif，eventhough等。[即时演练4]句型转换①Althoughtheyplayedwell,theylostthegame.→,theylostthegame.②Knowingthatitwasdangerous,shewalkedhomebyherself.→Shewalkedhomebyherself,.Playingwellalthoughsheknewthatitwasdangerous5．作结果状语[语境感悟]①Theboyfelloffhisbike，breakinghisleftarm.男孩从他的自行车上摔了下来，弄伤了他的左胳膊。②Heranalltheway，reachingtheschooloutofbreath.他跑了一路，到达学校时上气不接下气。[知识归纳]通常位于句末，且中间有逗号，相当于一个并列分句，通常为了强调语气，常在分词前加thus，therefore等副词。[深化点拨]不定式作结果状语与现在分词作结果状语的区别：现在分词作状语表示自然而然的结果。动词不定式位于句末，常与only，never，not等副词连用，表示出乎意料的结果。①Thepoormandied，leavinghissonnothing.这个贫穷的男人去世了，什么也没有留给他的儿子。②Hisfirstbookwaswellreceived，makinghimapopularstudentwriter.他的第一本书受到好评，使他成为一位受欢迎的学生作家。③Theoldladyhurriedtothemarket，onlytofindhermoneystolenonthebus.老太太匆匆赶到市场，结果却发现自己的钱在公共汽车上被偷了。[即时演练5]单句语法填空①Ibuiltallmyhopesonhispromises,only(find)thathewasnotanhonestperson.②Thebooksoldmorethan500,000copiesayear，thus(make)itoneofthebestsellersatthattime.③Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,(bath)themountainingoldenlight.tofindmakingbathing6．作方式或伴随状语，置于句首[语境感悟]①Laughingandtalking，theywentbackhome.他们有说有笑，回到了家。②Hesatatthetable，readingamagazine.他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。[知识归纳]用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作。伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。[即时演练6](1)句型转换①Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,andwaitedfortheirnewteacher.→Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,.②Theyoungmanheldatorchinhishand,andclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.,theyoungmanclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.waitingfortheirnewteacherHoldingatorchinhishand(2)按要求改写句子③Theyallstoodthere,andwatchedcloselyasthemagiciandidthetricks.(用动词ing形式作状语)④Allthestudentspaidtheirattentiontowhattheirteachersaid,takingnotescarefully.(改为并列句)Theyallstoodthere,watchingcloselyasthemagiciandidthetricks.Allthestudentspaidtheirattentiontowhattheirteachersaid,andtooknotescarefully.三、动词ing形式短语前可用连词，有时可用介词或副词[语境感悟]①Don'ttalkwhilehavingdinner(whileyouarehavingdinner)．吃饭时不要说话。②Thoughworkinghard，hecouldn'tearnenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebt.尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。③Onhearingthenews