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SectionⅣGrammar&Writing语法专项突破写作能力提升didn'tneedtodo和needn'thavedone①Insomecountries，forexample，youhavetoarriveontimeataparty；inothercountries，youdon'tneedto.②Somehostsexpectflowersorasmallgift，butinotherplaces，youcantakethings，butyouneedn'tifyoudon'twantto.③—Didtheimmigrationpeopleasktoseeyourvisa?—No.Ididn'tneedtogetavisa.④MyAmericanfriendTomspokegoodChinese，soIdidn'tneedtotranslatethespeechforhim.⑤Iwasthefirsttogetthere.Ineedn'thavegonetheresoearly.⑥Iofferedtohelphimwiththehouseworkandthenhetoldmehehadfinished.Ineedn'thavedonethat.[我的结论]1．例句①中need用作动词；例句②中need用作动词。2．例句③和例句④中didn‘tneedtodo表示“过去没必要，”。3．例句⑤和例句⑥中needn‘thavedone表示“过去虽然没必要，”。实义情态实际上也没做某事但实际上已经做了某事一、need的基本用法[语境感悟]①MarkneedstolearnChinesesincehiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.马克需要学习汉语，因为他的公司要在北京开一个分公司。②Thedoctorsaidheneededanoperation.医生说他需要手术。③Adogneedstakingout/tobetakenoutforawalkeveryday.狗得每天带出去溜。④Youneedn'tfinishthatworktoday.你今天不必把那项工作做完。⑤—Needhecomehere?—Yes，hemust/hasto./—No，heneedn't.“他有必要来吗？”“是的，他必须来。”/“不，他不必来。”[知识归纳]①need用作实义动词，后面可接名词、代词、不定式和动名词，有人称和数的变化。②当主语是表示“物”的名词时，用作实义动词的need后接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。needdoing＝needtobedone③用作情态动词，后接动词原形，常用于否定句和疑问句中。[即时演练1]单句语法填空①Theroomneeds(clean)，butIhavetimeonlyonSunday.②Theydidn'tneed(arrive)soearly.③Dr.Smithsaidthathe(need)nopaymentforhisjourney.cleaning/tobecleanedtoarriveneeded二、didn'tneedtodo和needn'thavedone[语境感悟]①Mary'sboyfrienddrovetopickherup，soshedidn'tneedtotakeataxi.玛丽的男朋友开车去接她，因此她没必要打出租了。②ItwasSunday，soIdidn'tneedtogetupearly.因为是星期天，所以我没必要早起。③Youneedn'thavetoldhimthenews.Hehadalreadyknownit.你没必要告诉他那个消息，他早已知道了。④Youneedn'thaveworkedthatlatelastnight.Itwasharmfultoyourhealth.你昨晚本来不必工作到那么晚的。那对你的健康有害。[知识归纳]didn'tneedtodo表示过去没必要做某事，实际上也没做。needn'thavedone表示过去没必要做某事，而实际上做了。[即时演练2]完成句子①They，sotheywenthomeinadvance.他们不需要自己去做，所以他们提前回家了。②We.Thereisstillanhourleft.我们本没必要那么匆忙，还有一个小时的时间。③We；itwaswithinwalkingdistance.我们不需要打出租车，步行就可以到达。didn'tneedtodoitthemselvesneedn'thavesohurrieddidn'tneedtotakeataxi三、情态动词＋havedone的几种形式及其意义[语境感悟]①Itmusthaverainedlastnight，forthegroundisstillwet.昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。(对过去的肯定推测)②Ican'tfindmypursenow.Imighthaveleftitinthetaxi.我的钱包现在找不到了。我可能把它忘在出租车里了。(对过去的推测，也许/或许做了某事)③Youcouldn'thaveknownabouthimtenyearsago，whenhewasstillunknown.十年前你不可能了解他，那时他还不出名。(对过去的推测，不可能做过某事)④Youcouldhaveusedmycaryesterday.Ididn'tuseit.你昨天本可以用我的汽车。那时我用不着它。(过去本来能做某事，但没有做)⑤Oh，Mom！Youneedn'thavepreparedsomuchfood.DadandDianawillnotcomebackforsupper.哦，妈妈！你本不必做这么多饭。爸爸和黛安娜不回来吃晚饭了。(过去不必做但做了某事)[知识归纳]情态动词＋havedone有两层含义：一是表示对过去的推测。musthavedone表示过去肯定做过某事；mighthavedone表示过去或许做过某事；can't/couldn'thavedone表示过去不可能做过某事。二是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。shouldhavedone表示应该做而没做；couldhavedone表示本来能做但没有做；needn'thavedone表示没有必要做而做了某事。[即时演练3]完成句子①—NeedIcometomorrow?—Yes,./No,.——我明天需要来吗？——是的，你必须来。/不，你没必要来。②Youifyouarebusy.如果忙，你就不必来了。③Iwonderifwithme.我想知道是否需要带相机。youmustyouneedn'tneedn'tcomeIneedbringacameraⅠ.单句语法填空1．Ineedn't(worry)beforeIcametothenewschool，formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.2．JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary，sosheneedn't(walk)backhome.3．I(notneed)togetupearlythismorning，soIstayedinbeduntil9a．m.4．Youneedn't(go)thereyesterday.5．Yourclothesneed(wash)．haveworriedhavewalkeddidn'tneedhavegonewashing/tobewashedⅡ.完成句子1．Hetheworktoday，becauseitisnoturgent.他没有必要今天就完成这项工作，因为它不着急的。2．Itatthedoor.It'sonlysixo'clock.门口不可能是邮递员，(现在)才六点钟。3．—Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave？Somethingbig?—Well，it—that'snotimportant.“你想要什么样的房子？大的吗？”“哦，它没必要大——那不重要。”doesn'tneedtofinishcan'tbethepostmanneedn'tbebig4．Heisnotpoor.You.他不穷，你本不必借给他钱。5．Therewasplentyoftime.You.时间充裕着呢，你不必匆忙。needn'thavelenthimthemoneyneedn'thavehurriedⅢ.语法填空Lastweek，inanunusualway，astrangertreatedmewithgenerosity.AtanAsiangrocerystoreonabusyevening，IwasshoppingfortheitemsIneeded1.myvoluntaryworkofcookingbreakfastonSaturdayatashelterforthehomelessinSanJose.Iwenttothestore2.(buy)tofuandvegetables.AsI3.(wait)inlinetofinishthepurchase，theladynexttome4.(approach)metofindouthowIwasgoingtoconsumethebigboxoftofuIwasbuying.Enthusiastically，IrepliedthatIwasbuyingfoodtocookbreakfastforhomelesspeople.WhileIwasgettingreadytopaythebill，tomy5.(amaze)，sheofferedtopayforeverything.Despitemultiplerequestsfor6.(she)name，sherespondedthatshefeltgoodbecauseIwasdoingthekindofcommunityworkwhichherparentsoncereceivedhelpfromastheycametothiscountryas7.(refugee)．Henceshewantedtotake8.opportunitytoshowhergratitude.Itwasthe9.(good)rewardIhadeverreceivedformyvoluntarywork，10.beganthreeyearsago.Inastrangewayweareallconnectedandwefeelforeachother.That'swhatIcallbeinga“human”．[语篇解读]本文讲述的是一个助人为乐的故事。作者去为无家可归者买豆腐和蔬菜，没想到听到这件事的另外一个顾客却为作者付了款，因为她的父母也曾经得到过别人的帮助。1．for考查介词。由语境可知，此处应用for表示目的。此处意为“我在购买我做志愿者工作所需的物品”。2．tobuy考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语。句意：我去商店买豆腐和蔬菜。3．waswaiting考查时态。由语境可知，此处描述的是当时正在发生的事，故用过去进行时。4．approached考查时态。分析句子可知，approach此处作谓语，因全文的主体时态为一般过去时，故填approached。5．amazement考查词性转换。此处是“toone's＋名词”结构，故空格处应用amaze的名词形式，tomyamazement“使我大为惊奇的是”。6．her考查代词。此处需要填限定词，故用形容词性物主代词her。7．refugees考查名词。refugee为名词，意为“难民”。此处需填其复数形式refugees。8．the考查定冠词。由语境可知，此处特指当前这个付款的机会，因此用定冠词。9．best考查形容词最高级。由后面表示范围的定语从句“Ihadeverreceivedformyvoluntarywork”可知此处应用最高级形式。10．