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SectionⅢGrammar—复习动词时态(Ⅰ)语法图解探究发现①Itdoesn'tmakemuchofadifferencewhetherateacherspeaksBritishorAmericanEnglish.②I'vealreadydecidedtojointhetheatregroup.③ManyfactorshaveinfluencedAmericanpronunciationsincethefirstsettlersarrivedfourhundredyearsago.④ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.⑤Someexpertsbelievethatthetwovarietiesaremovingclosertogether.⑥Sincethe1980s,withsatelliteTVandtheInternet,ithasbeenpossibletolistentoBritishandAmericanEnglishattheflickofaswitch.⑦Thisinternationaldimensionsuggeststhatinthefuture,therearegoingtobemany“Englishes”，notjusttwomainvarieties.⑧UsersofEnglishwillallbeabletounderstandeachother—wherevertheyare.[我的发现](1)句用了一般现在时态。(2)句用了现在完成时态，表示该动作发生在，持续到了。(3)⑤句用了时态，表示现阶段正在进行的动作。(4)⑦、⑧句用了时态，句表示有征兆、迹象会发生某事，而___句表示将要发生的动作或状态。①、④②、③、⑥过去现在现在进行一般将来⑦⑧一、四种时态的基本用法时态基本用法谓语构成一般现在时①现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态；②主语的特征、性格、能力等do/does现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作is/am/aredoing一般将来时表示现在看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态will/shalldo现在完成时①表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果；②表示从过去开始持续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作或状态，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用have/hasdoneTherearebusestothestationeverytenminutes.每十分钟就有公共汽车去车站。Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.同学们现在正在教室里复习功课。Leaveshavestartedtochangecolour;itwillbeautumnsoon.树叶开始变色；秋天就要来了。HehastaughtChineseformorethan20years.他教中文已有20多年了。即时演练11－1.单句语法填空①Sofar,thefarmer(look)forthemissinggoatforseveralhours.②Inthenextfewyears,therobots(replace)humanbeingsinmanyways.③Mybrother(play)footballquitewellnow,buthe___________(notplay)itsincelastyear.④I(read)thebook;Iwillfinishitinaweek.⑤Mybirthdayiscoming.I(be)18yearsold.⑥Thefactisthatthosescientists(study)thiskindofdiseasethesedays.haslookedwillreplaceplayshasn'tplayedamreadingshallbearestudying⑦Sheleftschoolthreeyearsagoand(work)asateachereversince.⑧Aforeignguest(give)usatalkinthehallthisafternoon,andyoumustattenditontime.⑨It'ssaidthatthetwoplanets(move)closerandcloser,andthat'sthereasonwhysomanyearthquakesoccur.⑩Thiscoatcostsalotandthecloth(wash)well.hasworkedwillgivearemovingwashes1－2.完成句子⑪We(将知道考试结果)tomorrow.⑫WhenIseeAliceinthestreet,shealways(朝我微笑)．⑬Peter(生病近一个月了)．⑭Lookatthepicture.Thechildren(正在放风筝)inthepark.⑮He(最近加入了)theboardofthecompany.willknowtheresultoftheexamsmilesatmehasbeenillforalmostamonthareflyingkiteshasrecentlyjoined二、四种时态的特殊用法1．一般现在时可表示客观事实或普遍真理。Thegeographyteachertoldustheearthmovesaroundthesun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。2．现在进行时与always,constantly,forever等频度副词连用时表示赞扬、批评、不满、惊奇等感情色彩。Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.他总是想着别人。Youarealwaysmakingthesamemistake.你总是犯同样的错误。3．一般将来时可表示客观预测或临时决定。Willwemeetaliensinthefuture?我们会在未来遇见外星人吗？—DoyouknowMr.Smithhascometoourtown?—No,Iwillgoandvisithimrightnow.——你知道史密斯先生来我们镇了吗？——不知道。我现在就去看他。4．使用现在完成时的特殊句型(1)“Itisthefirst/second...time＋从句”句型中的从句的谓语动词常使用现在完成时。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.这是我第一次参观这座城市。(2)“It/This/Thatisthe＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”中，that从句的谓语动词要用现在完成时。ThisisthebestteathatIhaveeverdrunk.这是我喝过的最好的茶了。即时演练22－1.单句语法填空①Anappleaday(keep)thedoctoraway.②—Sorry,Iforgottobuythebookyouneed.—Itdoesn'tmatter.I(go)myself.③ThisisthesecondtimeI(come)here.④Thisisthemostinterestingfilmhe(make)．keepswillgohavecomehasmade2－2.完成句子⑤Heofhowhecoulddomoreforthepeople.他总是想着怎样才能为人们多做些事情。⑥Thesun.太阳东升西落。⑦—Tomwasinjuredbadlyintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh,Ididn'tknow.Ihimafterwork.——汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。——哦，我不知道。我下班后去看他。⑧Thisisthebestbookthat.这是我读过的最好的书。isalwaysthinkingrisesintheeastandsetsinthewestwillseeIhaveread三、一般将来时的几种常见表达方式1．一般现在时表将来(1)当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间、条件或让步状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。Aslongasitdoesn'traintomorrow,we'llhaveatriponschedule.只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。(2)表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作时用一般现在时表示将来。Thetrainarrivesat10：30am.Thereisplentyoftime.火车上午十点三十分到达，还有足够的时间。2．现在进行时表示将来一些短暂性动词，如die,stop,start,finish,approach,come等的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作。IamleavingforBeijingnextmonth.下个月我要去北京。3．begoingtodo该结构表示“打算去做……”以及根据一些迹象判断要发生某事。Theyaregoingtosetupalaboratorynextyear.他们打算明年建立一个实验室。Lookatthedarkclouds;Iguessitisgoingtorainthisafternoon.看这些乌云，我想今天下午要下雨了。4．beabouttodo该结构表示“即将、正要”，强调近期内或马上要做，不与具体的时间状语连用。Hurryup!Thetrainisabouttoleave.快点！火车就要开了。5．beto＋动词原形该结构表示“按计划、安排或打算要做某事”，有时强调决心。Sheistogetmarriednextmonth.她将于下个月结婚。Youaretoreportittothepolice.你应该报警。即时演练33－1.单句语法填空①Heisgoingtovisithisauntassoonashe(arrive)inBeijing.②TheQueen(visit)Japaninaweek'stime.③Wemusthurryup.Thefirstclass(begin)at8o'clock.④Themeeting(begin)atthreethisafternoon.arrivesistovisitbeginsisbeginning/begins3－2.完成句子⑤Theregoesthebell.Thefilm.铃响了，电影就要开始了。⑥Lookattheclouds.There.看云，将要有一场暴风雨。isabouttobeginisgoingtobeastorm[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations，threearedeclining，six(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.are解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代sixpolarbearsubpopulations，谓语动词应用复数。2．(2019·6月浙江高考)Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚)．has/willhave解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空格前面的从句用了一般现在时，主句谓语动词应该用一般现在时或者一般将来时。而句子主语nobody是第三人称单数，所以当句子为一般现在时态时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。3．(2019·江苏高考改编)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.hasgiven解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语inthelastthreemonths可知，句子用现在完成时；当主语后接al