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第三讲阅读理解第六节推理判断(三)态度或观点推断母题探究栏目导航题组集训限时训练(2019·高考北京卷)Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon'tknow.Bynextyear，halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams(欺诈)．Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools，appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”(解决方案)becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture，it'snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou'rehearingisactuallyreal.That'sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation(处理)andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear'sI/OConference，acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghumansoundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches(数据侵入)ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother'sname，andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample，thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's，trickingyouinto“confirming”youraddress，mother'sname，andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney，socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdatabasedcommunications—usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.38.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.38．观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools，appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately，it'stoolittle，toolate.”可知，作者对自动语音电话问题的解决方案感到失望。答案：D[语篇解读]本文是议论文。随着科技的发展，诈骗手段越来越多样化，自动语音电话给人们带来了危害。[长难句分析]Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon'tknow.(第一段第一句)句意：自动语音电话的问题已经变得如此严重，以至于许多人现在拒绝接听他们不知道号码的电话。[分析]该句为主从复合句。句中theydon'tknow为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词numbers；全句使用了“so…that…”结构，表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导的是结果状语从句。【方法点津】观点态度题的选项一般是形容词。按照作者对所阐述问题的态度进行分类，可以分为：积极类：favorable(赞成的)，helpful(有帮助的)，positive(正确的)，supportive(支持的)，concerned(关心的)，confident(自信的)，impressive(给人印象深刻的)，optimistic(乐观的)等；中立类：objective(客观的)，neutral(中立的)，cautious(谨慎的)，uncertain(不确定的)等；消极类：disgusting(令人厌恶的)，critical(批评的)，negative(否定的)，disappointed(失望的)，subjective(主观的)，doubtful(怀疑的)，worried(担心的)，pessimistic(悲观的)，indifferent(冷漠的)等。常见的设题形式有：Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomething________.Thewriterofthepassageseemstothinkthat____.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowards____？Whatistheauthor'sopinionon____？Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout__？做观点态度推断题时要注意：1．不武断，不臆断作者表达人物的情感、观点、意图既可能隐含在文章的字里行间，也可能流露于修饰的词语之中，考生应学会揣测和体会。千万不能主观臆断、凭空想象、随意揣测。2．真正“读懂”作者要提高做此类题的正确率，一定要真正读懂作者，而不是只浮于表面。在这个过程中，我们要学会选择。不能只从字面意义上解题，要真正领悟其蕴含意义，避开选项设置上的陷阱。A2019·吉林省吉林市高考英语三模试卷Iamtravelinghome.Itisbitterlycoldandsnowy,butthewarmtrainisrightontime.IfeelpleasantlysatisfiedasIlookoutattherushhourtrafficonthemotorway.Ifeelmoresatisfiedasthesmelloffreshcoffeeannouncesthearrivalofthedrinksservice.Swissfriendsoftentellme,proudly,thattheirrailserviceisthebestintheworld，butrecently，oneexperiencehasprovedthatthegreatSwissloveaffairwiththeirrailwayhasturnedalittlesour.Itallbeganwiththedecisiontoendticketsalesontrains.OnecoldmorningIarrivedatmylocalstationonlytofindthattheticketmachinewasbroken.Nomatter,Ithought,Ihavegotasmartphone,andIhurriedlysetaboutbuyingmyticketthatway.ThiswasnotaseasyasIhadexpected,busyingmyselfbetweencreditcardandphonewithfreezingcoldfingers,but,bythetimeIgotonthetraintoGenevaIhadaneticketandIproudlyshowedittotheconductor.Unfortunatelyshetoldmethatmyticketwasnotvalid(有效的).SeveralweekslateraletterarrivedfromSwissrailwaystogetherwithafinefor190francs($210).Thegoodpeopletheretellmetheformalpaymentformyticketfrommycreditcardcompanyarrivedfourminutesaftermytrainleftthestation.Thatmeans,theysay,thatIboughtmyticketonthetrain－andthatisstrictlyprohibited.Swissrailwayssaytheirpolicyisdesignedtoprotecthonestticketpayingpassengers,butaquicklookattheirbalancesheetsuggestssomethingelse.Thecompanyismakingabout$2millionamonthfromfines.Althoughtraintravelisstillpopular,thoseseatsdonotfeelascomfortable;thecoffeedoesnotsmellquitesogood—becauseSwissrailwayshavelost,fornowanyway,somethingfarmorepr