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第二讲短文改错题型一词法错误第二节非谓语动词母题探究栏目导航题组集训限时训练Ⅰ.单句改错1．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→本句谓语动词为cheered→考查非谓语动词的误用。②前句是主句，谓语动词为cheered→后句动词前无主语，可知用非谓语动词→根据逻辑主语判断动词的主被动关系→确定非谓语动词的形式。③尝试解答：say→saying2．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→考查非谓语动词的误用。②前句是条件状语从句→介词后需用名词或动名词→确定非谓语动词的形式。③尝试解答：manage→managing3．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.【解题步骤】①分析句子结构→考查非谓语动词的误用。②本句的宾语从句中谓语为earned→另一动词sell即为非谓语→by后接名词或动名词形式。③尝试解答：sell→selling4．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme._____________________________________________________________________【答案】watching→watch5．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud._____________________________________________________________________【答案】wait→waiting6．(2018·西安市模拟)HeneededmyhelpandIfeltsoexciting._____________________________________________________________________【答案】exciting→excited7．(2018·蚌埠市模拟)Iamwritingtokeepyouinformingofsomethingabouttheseveresituationthatfinlessporpoises,akindofrareandlovelyanimal,arefacedwithpresently._____________________________________________________________________【答案】informing→informed8．(2018·湖南师大附中模拟)Hehadtolookforaplacealongthestreettogethisbicyclerepairing._____________________________________________________________________【答案】repairing→repaired9.Wehopethatallofuswilldevoteoureffortstoprotectpandasandletthemliveinthewildagainsomeday._____________________________________________________________________【答案】protect→protecting10．Second,avoidwastingmoney,studentsshouldformthehabitofwearingschooluniforms._____________________________________________________________________【答案】在avoid前加to11．IthinkIdowellintheteamworkandI'mgoodatcommunicatewithdifferentpeople._____________________________________________________________________【答案】communicate→communicating12．Mostchildrenfeelfrightenwhentheyfirstgotoschool,becausetheyarenotfamiliarwithschoolatall._____________________________________________________________________【答案】frighten→frightened13．IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes._____________________________________________________________________【答案】wear→wearing14．TeadrinkingwaswidespreadinChinaforaboutonethousandyearsbeforeappearinEurope._____________________________________________________________________【答案】appear→appearing15．Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview._____________________________________________________________________【答案】sit→sitting16．Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals，insectsandtrees._____________________________________________________________________【答案】在wanted后加to17．Oneeveningatsunset，wesatbythefire，haveourbarbecue._____________________________________________________________________【答案】have→having18．Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe'soutside._____________________________________________________________________【答案】understanding→understand□__点石成金__非谓语动词的误用此类错误的设置一般包括以下五个方面：(1)不定式符号to的多余。在感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后跟不带to的不定式作宾补。(2)不定式符号to的缺失。有些动词，如want,decide,plan后面接动词不定式作宾语。(3)误把非谓语动词作谓语动词。当句子中已有谓语动词时，另一个动词只能用作非谓语动词。(4)现在分词和过去分词的误用。现在分词表主动和进行，过去分词表被动和完成；现在分词转化的形容词表示“令人……的”，常常修饰物；而过去分词转化的形容词表示“感到……的”，常修饰人。(5)介词to和不定式符号to的用法区别：不定式符号to后面接动词原形，而介词to后面接动名词。应考策略(1)纵观全文或者全句，明确句子中的动词所作的成分。(2)系统掌握非谓语动词的用法。(3)前后联系，整体把握。抓住“四个关键点”和“四个易混点”理解非谓语动词的误用。4个关键点(1)作目的状语时用不定式，且只能用不定式的一般式；(2)作伴随状语和方式状语时用现在分词；(3)作介词宾语时用动名词；(4)熟记固定结构中的非谓语动词。例如belikelytodosth.,havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.等4个易混点(1)现在分词和过去分词作状语现在分词作状语表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词作状语表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。(2)现在分词和过去分词作前置定语和表语，此时现在分词和过去分词都相当于形容词，前者意为“令人……的”，后者意为“感到……的”。(3)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作后置定语：不定式作后置定语表示动作尚未进行；现在分词作后置定语表示主动进行；过去分词作后置定语表示被动完成。(4)不定式与动名词作宾语有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，例如agree,decide,refuse,manage等；而有些动词只跟动名词作宾语，例如avoid,finish,mind,practice等。还有些动词既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，这些都要特别注意。Ⅰ.单句改错1．SuddenlyMary，mybestfriend，askedmetolethertocopymyanswers._____________________________________________________________________【答案】去掉第二个to2．Felthungry，webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish._____________________________________________________________________【答案】Felt→Feeling3．Afterthinkforawhile,Ilethercopymyanswers._____________________________________________________________________【答案】think→thinking4．Whateverhappens,I'lltrymybesttodoallIcanhelpyououtoftrouble._____________________________________________________________________【答案】在help前加to5．That'sthereasonwhyasadfilmcancontributetocomfortasadpersonmorethanapleasantone._____________________________________________________________________【答案】comfort→comforting6．Whencompareddifferentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities._____________________________________________________________________【答案】compared→comparing7．Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,thecityisverybeautiful._____________________________________________________________________【答案】Seeing→See