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[新知导引]1．(教材P26)Thenumberofpeople________werekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.2．(教材P26)Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake________wasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.3．(教材P26)Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose________weretrappedandtoburythedead.4．(教材P26)Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors________homeshadbeendestroyed.5．Theman________________IhavetophonelivesinCanada.whowhichwhowhosewhom/who/that[语法详解]一、定义1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2．关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,as等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)两类。二、关系代词的用法1．who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。Herecomesthegirlwhowantstoseeyou.想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语)Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语)2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。Roseistheperson(who/whom)youshouldcareabout.罗丝是你应该关心的人。(作宾语)3．whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。Anystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.任何家境贫寒，上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(whose引导定语从句作定语)Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。(修饰物)4．which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.(作主语)中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。Theradio(which)heboughtyesterdaydoesn'twork.他昨天买的收音机坏了。(作宾语)ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived.这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in的宾语)5．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who,whom，指物多用which。Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)Thisisthenovelthatinterestsme.这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(指物，作主语)Themagazine(that)Iboughtyesterdayislost.我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语)三、只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况1．先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.这是我吃过的最美味的食品。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。2．先行词是不定代词，如all,little,few,much,everything,anything,nothing,none等时。HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的都做了。3．先行词被all,every,no,theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。I'vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。4．当先行词既有人，又有物时。Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。5．当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whichofthebooksthatyouboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?你买的书中哪一本对我的写作最有用？考情分析定语从句是考查频率最高的一类从句，主要考查其关系词。该从句用法看起来纷繁复杂，但只要抓住它的两种不同角度分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句；关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，再把各自相关的细节一一添加到上面，这些问题就可以迎刃而解。即时训练Ⅰ.语法填空1．Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses________arebuiltclosetoeachother.2．Thenewpolicyonlycoverspeople________havemadegreatcontributionstoourcountryduringthewar.3．Simonisacomedianandactor________has10years'experienceofteachingcomedy.4．You'llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation________youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.5．Jimpassedthedrivingtest,________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.that/whichwho/thatwho/thatthat/whichwhichⅡ.完成句子1．昨天我在街上遇见的那个人是我的经理。Theman______________________________ismymanager.2．你记得三个月前我们参观的那家养鸡场吗？Doyourememberthechickenfarm____________________________________3．桂林是世界各地的人们想去游览的最美的地方。Guilinisthemostbeautifulplace_______________________________________________.4．那个女孩学习非常刻苦，她的妈妈是一位教师。Thegirl___________________________studiesveryhard.who/thatImetinthestreetyesterdaythat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?thatpeoplefromallovertheworldwanttovisitwhosemotherisateacher5.这个擅长英语的小男孩买了一本新词典。Theboy__________________________boughtanewdictionary.6．营救组挖出那些困在废墟的人。Therescueteamdugoutthose________________________.7．在汶川地震中，死亡与失踪的人数超过100,000。Thenumberofpeople________________________reachedmorethan100,000intheWenchuanearthquake.8．许多在地震中失去父母的孩子被送到其他城市的家庭里生活。Anumberofchildren____________________weresenttolivewithfamiliesinothercities.who/thatisgoodatEnglishwhoweretrappedintheruinswhoweredeadorlostwholosttheirparents9．所有来这儿的人都有同等的机会展示他们的才华。Allthepeople________________hadanequalchancetoshowtheirtalents.10．人们用他们能找到的任何东西在野外搭起临时住所。Peopleputupsheltersintheopenwithanything____________.thatcameheretheycouldfindⅠ.单句语法填空1．Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm____________wevisitedthreemonthsago?2．Thepicture________wasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.3．Thisistheveryhotel________IstayedatwhenIwastravellinghere.4．Thechild________parentsaredeadiscalledTom.5．Theyoungmanwasveryhappytogetbackthegoldring____________hehadlostonthetrain.that/whichwhich/thatthatwhosewhich/that6．Thechildren________wereinjuredinacaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospitalnow.7．Thewoman________isshakinghandswithmysisterisadoctor.8．Thisisthemostbeautifulpark________Ihavevisited.9．Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople________shewasinterestedin.10．Look,herearesomepeople____________Iwantyoutomeet.who/thatwho/thatthatthatwho/whom/thatⅡ.单句改错1．I'llgiveyouabookwhichyou'llfinditinteresting._______2．Theoldmanwhoyouspokeisafamousdoctor._________3．Icandoeverythingwhichisgoodforyou._______4．ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmwhichI'veeverseen._______5．Thosewhowantstogowithmeputupyourhands._______6．Wetalkedaboutthethingsandthepeoplewhichwemetduringthewar._______去掉itspoke后加to/withwhich→thathich→thatwants→wantwhich→thatⅢ.语法与写作1．Thisisthebestfilm___________________________(今年放映过的)．2．Thisisthepen__________________(你昨天丢