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课前自学导引演练通关提升课堂合作探究特色重组练特色重组练四Ⅰ.阅读理解AVitaminDpillscanhelpspeedupthetimetakenforburnstoheal,andpreventscarring,anewstudysuggests.Thevitamin,producednaturallyinthebodywhentheskincomesintocontactwithsunshine,isbelievedtohelpprotectagainstburning.PreviousstudieshaveshownthatvitaminDpillshelpdecreaseinflammation,rednessandswellingaftersunburn,andmaybeoneofthereasonsthebodyproducesthechemical.NownewresearchfromBirminghamUniversityhasfounditmayalsohelpcombat(斗争)othertypesofburn.Researchersmonitored38patientswhohadsufferedseriousburnsforayearandrecordedtheirlevelsofvitaminD.TheyfoundthatthosewiththehighestlevelsofvitaminDhadbetterwoundhealingandlessscarring.VitaminDhasbeenfoundtohelpsunburnbutdecreasesrapidlyinthebodywhenpeoplehaveseriousburns.ProfessorJanetLordoftheInstituteofInflammation&AginginBirmingham,atBirminghamUniversity,said:“LowvitaminDlevelswereassociatedwithworseoutcomesinburnpatientsincludinglifethreateninginfections,anddelayedwoundhealing.MajorburninjuryseverelyreducesvitaminDlevelsandaddingthisvitaminbackmaybeasimple,safeandcosteffectivewaytoimproveoutcomesforburnpatients.”Patientswithsevereburnsareathighriskofinfection.Thatmayleadtolifethreateningsepsis(脓毒症).VitaminDisknowntohaveantibacterialactionsthatmayhelpcombatinfectionandthereforeaidinwoundhealingofburnpatients.TheresearcherssaycliniciansoftenoverlooklevelsofvitaminDinburnsvictims.ProfLordandherteamnowfocusonfindingoutwhythereisarapidlossofvitaminDinpatientsimmediatelyfollowingburninjuryandhopethattheymaybeabletopreventthisinfuture.Theamountofreductioninpatients'vitaminDlevelswasnotrelatedtotheseverityoftheburn,solevelsmayalsobedecreasedinmoreminorburninjuries.PublicHealthEnglandnowrecommendsthatallBritonstakevitaminDpillsinthewinterbecauseitisimpossibletomakesufficientquantitiesinthedarkermonths.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了维生素D药片可以帮助人们治疗烧伤而且不容易留下疤痕。1．HowisvitaminDnaturallygainedinthebodyaccordingtothepassage?A．Bypreventingscarring.B．Byproducingthechemical.C．Byhelpingprotectagainstburning.D．Bybeingexposedtoenoughsunshine.答案：D细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thevitamin,producednaturallyinthebodywhentheskincomesintocontactwithsunshine”可知，维生素D的自然获取是通过与阳光接触，即晒太阳。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph7referto?A．Severeburns.B．Burnedpatients.C．Possibleinfection.D．Antibacterialactions.答案：C指代判断题。由本段第一句“Patientswithsevereburnsareathighriskofinfection.”可知，严重烧伤的病人会有感染的风险。故第二句意为感染会导致致命的脓毒症。3．WhatcanweinferaboutProfessorJanetLord'sfindings?A．HighvitaminDlevelscanspeedwoundhealing.B．AddingvitaminDbackisreallysimpleandsecure.C．TheycanpreventtherapidlossofvitaminDinpatients.D．Theworsetheburnsare,thelowerthepatients'vitaminDlevelis.答案：A推理判断题。由第六段最后一句可推知，如果维生素D较高的情况下，烧伤应该愈合较快。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheCauseandEffectofVitaminDPillsB．ExploringtheFunctionofVitaminDPillsC．TheResearchofVitaminDPillsforBurnsD．VitaminDPills:HealBurns&PreventScarring答案：D标题判断题。文章主要介绍了维生素D药片可以帮助人们治疗烧伤而且不容易留下疤痕。previousadj.以前的，先前的monitorvt.监测，检测；监督healv.长好，愈合；治愈第八段第二句：ProfLordandherteamnowfocusonfindingoutwhythereisarapidlossofvitaminDinpatientsimmediatelyfollowingburninjuryandhopethattheymaybeabletopreventthisinfuture.译文：Lord教授和他的团队现在集中研究为什么病人烧伤后维生素D会迅速下降，希望他们将来能防止这种情况的发生。分析：这是一个并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，why引导宾语从句，作findout的宾语；第二个分句中，that引导宾语从句，作动词hope的宾语。BWhat'stheonethingeverychildwantsatschool?Morerecesses!Andthatisexactlywhatsomeschoolsaregivingstudents,whichturnsouttobebeneficialforeveryone.EagleMountainElementarySchoolinFortWorth,Texas,isoneoffourpublicschoolscarryingouttheLiiNKprogram,aprojectthatincreasesrecessesperdaytoencouragecreativity,developcharacterandpromoteacademicsuccess.LiiNkwasinspiredbyScandinavianapproachestolearningbasedonthesimpleconceptofgivingchildrenmoreoutsideplaytimeandlesstimespentindoors.InFinland,wherethesystemhasbeeninplacefordecades,studentshavesomeofthehighestscoresonglobalassessmenttests.Insteadofspendingincreasingamountsoftimeinsidetheclassroom,theyareputtingmoreandmorefocusonphysicalactivity.Finnishkidsgettoenjoy15minutesofplaytimeforeveryhourofclass.AfterspendingsixweeksinFinlandin2012,DebbieRhea,thecreatoroftheLiiNkandprofessoratTexasChristianUniversity,discoveredthattheadditionalbreaksof“unstructured(松散的)outdoorplay”actuallyhelpedstudentsimprovetheirperformanceinsidetheclassroom.“Youstartputting15minutesofplaytimeintothesekidsfrequentlyanditgivestheplatformforthemtobeabletofunctionattheirbestlevel，”shesays.Otherstudieshaveshownthatoutdoorplaytimedecreasesrestlessness,tirednessandhasanumberofbenefitssuchasimprovedmotorskills,physicalfitness,andsocialdevelopment.DebbieRheastartedadoptingtheprograminprivateschoolsin2014,andhassinceexpandedherprogramtodistrictsinTexas,Oklahoma,MinnesotaandUtah.Allthechildrenintheseschoolsareallhappierforit.Itjustgoestoshowthatthebestwaytoraisehappyandsuccessfulchildrenistosimplyletthembekidseveryonceinawhile.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了LiiNK项目，该项目提倡给孩子更多的课外休息和娱乐时间，从而使他们在学业上表现得更好。5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“recesses”inParagraph1?A．breaksB．burdensC．performanceD．tasks答案：A词义猜测题。通览全文可知，作者在文中主要讨论给孩子更多的课外休息时间