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第二部分专项语法高效突破专项11动词的被动语态考点1动词的被动语态1.被动语态的构成高频考点精讲时态被动语态的构成例句一般现在时is/am/are＋动词的过去分词Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.教室每天被打扫。一般过去时was/were＋动词的过去分词Shewashurtyesterday.她昨天受伤了。一般将来时will/shall＋be＋动词的过去分词Anewchurchwillbebuiltinthistownnextyear.明年这个小镇将会建一座新教堂。含有情态动词情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词Theworkmustbefinishedontime.这项工作必须按时完成。2.被动语态的用法①不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：ThewatchismadeinChina.这块手表是在中国制造的。②没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年必须种更多的树。③需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如：Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。④说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，常用被动语态。常用句型：Itissaidthat...据说……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itis(well)knownthat...众所周知……如：Itissaidthatwe’llhaveanewmanager.听说我们要有新经理了。ItisbelievedthatprintingwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.一般相信印刷术最早是由中国人发明的。Itisreportedthatatrafficaccidenttookplaceearlythismorning.据报道今天清晨有车祸发生。考点2被动语态的特殊形式1.主动句中感官动词see，hear，watch，feel等和使役动词make，let，have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式的符号to。如：Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.→Shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.这好消息使她很高兴。2．need，require，want，worth等后跟动名词主动形式表示被动意义。如：Hisbikeneedsmending.他的自行车需要修一下。3．特殊结构“makeoneselfheard/understood”和“have/getsth.done”。如：Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.我昨天剪头发了。十年真题全练近十年来，临沂中考对被动语态的考查一般是1至2道小题，考查形式以单项填空和动词应用两种题型为主。预测在2018年临沂中考中，单项填空和动词应用仍然会有1道题考查被动语态。主要有三种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时和含有情态动词的被动语态。考点1一般现在时的被动语态1.[2016·临沂，19]NowallChinesecouples____tohavetwochildren.A．allowB．allowedC．areallowedD．wereallowedC2．[2012·临沂，33]Everyyear，morethan70，000，000sharks____fortheirfins.A．werekilledB．havekilledC．arekilledD．willkilled3．[2009·临沂，31]Theworldhasabigheadacheandit____bymoney.ItbeganinAmericalastyear.A．causeB．causesC．iscausedD．arecaused4．[2008·临沂，89]Dangerousdrivingcausesmanyaccidents.(改为被动语态)Manyaccidents________bydangerousdriving.CCarecaused考点2一般过去时的被动语态5.[2017·临沂，24]Theyhavecollectedmorethan14，000bookssincethelibrary____lastmonth.A．builtB．wasbuiltC．buildsD．isbuilt6．[2014·临沂，18]Threebridges____overtheriverfiveyearsago.A．builtB．buildC．werebuiltD．arebuilt7．[2013·临沂，33]—DoyouknowEarthDay?—Sure.It____in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.A．setsupB．setupC．issetupD．wassetupBCD考点3含有情态动词的被动语态8.[2015·临沂，24]Teenagersshould____totakecareofthemselvesfromayoungage.A．educateB．beeducatingC．haveeducatedD．beeducated猜押预测单项填空1．WiththedevelopmentofChina，Chinese____byalargenumberofpeopleintheworld.A．speaksB．isspokenC．speakD．isspeaking2．Smartphones____intheclassroom.A．aren’tallowedB．aren’tallowingC．allowD．isallowedDBA3．Paper____first______about2，000yearsagoinChina.A．is；creatingB．is；createdC．has；createdD．was；created4．—China’s23rdBeidouSatellite____intospaceonJune12，2016.—AsChinese，weareproudofit.A．hassentB．issentC．willsendD．wassent5．Childrenshould____tobehonestfromayoungage.A．educateB．beeducatedC．punishD．bepunishedDDB