第二部分专项语法高效突破专项5介词考点1时间介词1.in,on,at辨析高频考点精讲用法例词in用在星期、月份、季节、年、朝代、世纪或非特指的早、午、晚等较长一段时间前in1988;inthe21stcentury;inwinter;inMarch;intheday;inthemorningon具体某一天或具体某一个早、午、晚onSaturdayevening;ontheMayseventh;onawindynight;onTeachers’Day;onOctober31stat在某一时间点或某个瞬间ateighto’clock;attheendof;atthismoment;atthistime;attimes/atatime/atonetime;attheageof2.for,since和during辨析用法例句for“for+一段时间”表示“持续了一段时间”,常与现在完成时连用HehasbeeninBeijingfor3years.他在北京已经三年了。since“since+时间点”表示“自从……时间”,常与现在完成时连用HehasbeeninBeijingsincethreeyearsago.他自从三年前就待在北京了。during表示“在……期间”,后面接时间段IwasinBeijingduringlastsummer.我去年夏天待在北京。3.in,after辨析用法例句in表示说话时或以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后,用于将来时Hewillcomebackintwodays.他将在两天后回来。after表示以过去某一时刻为起点的一段时间之后,用于过去时Hecamebackaftertwodays.他在两天后回来的。考点2方位介词1.in,to,on,at辨析用法例句in表示一个地方在另一个地方的范围内;in+大地点,如国家名、城市名等ShenzhenisinthesoutheastofGuangdong.深圳在广东的东南部。MarylivesinLondon.玛丽住在伦敦。to表示两地相隔ChangshaistothenorthofGuangdong.长沙在广东的北方。on表示两地相邻ThailandisonthesouthofChina.泰国在中国的南部。at后接小地点Wearrivedattheairport.我们到机场了。2.on,over,above辨析用法例句on指“在……上”,与物体有接触面的Thecupisonthetable.茶杯在桌子上面。over指没有接触面的“正上方”,反义词是underThereisabridgeovertheriver.在这条河上有座桥。above指没有接触面的“上方”,在高一些的位置,反义词是belowTheplaneisabovetheclouds.飞机在云层上面。考点3其他介词1.across,through辨析用法例句across表示从物体的表面横跨过Goacrossthebridge,andyou’llgetthere.走过那座桥,你就可以到达那儿。through表示从物体的内部穿过Thetwofriendswalkedthroughtheforest.那两个朋友步行穿过了森林。2.between,among辨析用法例句between在(两者)之间Yousitbetweenhimandme.你坐在他和我之间。among在(三者以上)之间Thesongispopularamongthestudents.这首歌曲在学生中间很受欢迎。3.except,besides辨析用法例句except“除了……之外”,不包括在范围之内WeallwentswimmingexceptLucy.除了露西,我们都去游泳了。besides“除了……之外,还有”,包括在范围之内WestudyJapaneseandFrenchbesidesEnglish.我们除了学习英语外还学习日语和法语。4.by的用法①表示位置,意为“在……旁边”。如:Somepeoplearedrawingbythelake.有的人在湖边画画。②表示时间,意为“到……为止;不迟于”。如:Howmanysongshadyoulearnedbytheendoflastterm?到上学期为止你学了多少首歌曲?③表示“经;由;乘”等。如:Everydayhegoestoschoolbybus.他每天乘公共汽车去上学。④用于被动语态结构中,意为“由;被”。如:Thewalletwasfoundbytheboylasttime.钱包上次是被那个男孩找到的。⑤表示方式或手段,意为“用;借;通过”等。如:IstudyEnglishbyreadingalot.我通过大量阅读来学英语。5.for的用法①表示目的,意为“为了”。如:Iwanttogobackformypen.我想回去拿我的钢笔。②表示用途,意为“适用于;适合”。如:Thisisabookforchildren.这是一本适合儿童阅读的书籍。③表示动作的方向、目的地,意为“向;往”。如:ThisshipisforNewYork.这艘轮船是驶往纽约的。④用在固定搭配中。如:waitfor等候;lookfor寻找;belatefor迟到。⑤后跟一段时间,表示“多久”。如:Ihavestudiedinschoolfortwoyears.我已经在学校学习两年了。6.with的用法①表示共同、伴随,意为“与……一起;和”。如:Ioftengofishingwithmyfriends.我经常和我朋友去钓鱼。②表示“带有;附有”,反义词是without。如:Idon’tlikecoffeewithmilk.我不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。③表示手段、工具,意为“用”。如:Isawitwithmyeyes.我亲眼看到的。1.介词+名词intime及时ontime准时;按时bybus乘车onfoot步行attheendof在……的末端intheend最后withpleasure很乐意introuble处于困境中onone’swayto在某人去某地的路上bytheway顺便问一下2.形容词+介词beafraidof害怕;担心beworriedabout对……感到担心befullof充满;装满考点4介词短语belatefor迟到begoodat擅长于befamousfor因……出名beangrywith对……生气beinterestedin对……感兴趣3.动词+介词talkabout谈论thinkabout考虑thinkof想起listento听lookafter照顾laughat嘲笑getto到达lookfor寻找waitfor等待askfor请求payfor付钱十年真题全练近十年来,介词是临沂市中考的考点之一,考查内容以时间介词为主,其他介词和介词短语次之。考查形式一般是单项填空和选词填空。预计2018年,时间介词仍是考查的重点,同时也要对介词短语和其他介词加以关注。考点1时间介词1.[2017·临沂,18]AcouplefromAustraliawelcomedfivehealthybabies____January.A.atB.inC.forD.on2.[2015·临沂,16]FormanyWesternpeople,theydrinkcoldwatereven____winter.A.onB.forC.atD.inBD3.[2011·临沂,23]Ifyousitinachair____alongtime,yourbackmaybegintohurt.A.atB.inC.onD.for4.[2010·临沂,26]QianXuesenisknownasChina’s“fatherofspacetechnology”and“kingofrockets”.Hedied____October31attheageof98.A.inB.onC.atD.of5.[2009·临沂,23]____March28,about20Chinesecitiesturnedofflightsofmajorbuildingsforonehour.A.AtB.InC.OnD.OfDBC考点3其他介词6.[2016·临沂,16]Sleepingisapopularwaytorelax____students.A.onB.amongC.aboutD.betweenB考点4介词短语7.[2014·临沂,20]Now,peopleregarddrinkingtea____aculturemorethanahabit.A.asB.byC.ofD.with8.[2014·临沂,26]—I’msorry,sir.Ican’tfinishtheworkontime.—Nevermind.____,theworkisquitedifficult.A.AtleastB.ForinstanceC.AfterallD.FirstofallAC9.[2013·临沂,27]Mr.Wangisstrongly____keepinganimalsinthezoo,becausehethinksanimalsshouldalsoenjoyfreedom.A.upB.forC.againstD.down10.[2012·临沂,21]Englishismyfavoritesubject,andIamgood____it.A.forB.toC.atD.of11.[2008·临沂,19]—Whattimewillyoubehome?—Idon’tknow.Itdepends____thetraffic.A.ofB.onC.forD.fromCCB猜押预测单项填空1.Somepeopleareusedtogettinguplate____acoldmorning.A.onB.inC.atD.of2.IhavebeeninChina____1997.A.sinceB.forC.inD.until3.WhenJamesarrivedattherailwaystation,hetriedtolook____aplacetoparkhiscar.A.afterB.atC.upD.for4.The3-DfilmTheAngryBirdsopenedinChinesecinemas____May20,2016.A.onB.atC.inD.to5.Timisgoingtogivehisfatherasurprise____Father’sDay.A.inB.atC.onD.byAAAD6.The“teacher-freeexam”meansthatstudentstaketheirexams____teachers.Studentsmustbemorehonest.A.withoutB.againstC.throughD.by7.Jimlives____asmallvillageandtheairthereisveryfresh.A.onB.inC.underD.from8.Lifeis____theunexpected.Whateverwedo,tryourbest.A.fullofB.proudofC.insteadofD.becauseof9.Ioftengotothebookstore____QuanchengRoadalthoughit’scrowded.A.onB.forC.fromD.between10.—Alice,wouldyouliketogohikingwithus?—Whatapity!Iamfreeeveryday____today.A.forB.exceptC.besidesD.amongABAAB11.—Hi,guys.Wherewereweyesterday?—Welearnedthedifferences____“fact”and“opinion”.A.betweenB.amongC.duringD.across12.—Oh,mygod!I’ve