汤姆叔叔的小屋

UncleTom'sCabinGroupMembers:马帅叶小花汪超尹虹亮邱燕茹王师毛志美刘娟Introductiontotheauthor----HarrietBeecherStoweUncleTom’sCabinAnalysisofthemaincharactersArchetypeanalysisofUncleTom’sCabinContentsIntroductiontoHarrietBeecherStowe(1811-1896)1.GeneralevaluationofMrs.Stowe2.Familyandeducationbackground3.Marriageandexperience4.Herworks5.WritingcareerandstyleGeneralEvaluationofMrs.Stowe1.HarrietBeecherStowe(June14,1811–July1,1896)wasanAmericanabolitionistandauthor.2.Shewasinfluentialbothforherwritingsandherpublicstandsonsocialissuesoftheday.3.HernovelUncleTom’sCabin(1852)helpedtochangetheworldbychangingthewaypeoplelookedatslavery.Thebook,wasthefirsttobreakdownthestereotypesandportrayslavesasindividuals.名人评价1.构成那次巨大战争‐南北战争导火线的，想不到竟是这位身材矮小的、可爱的夫人。她写了一本书，酿成了伟大的胜利。‐美国总统林肯2.斯陀夫人的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是文学史上最伟大的胜利。‐美国著名诗人亨利∙郎费罗3.第一次听到了美国女作家斯托夫人的小说《黑奴吁天录》，美国南部黑奴们的悲惨命运和他们勇敢抗争的故事，心激动不已，紧握着眼泪湿透的手绢，在枕上翻来覆去，久久不能入寐。‐著名作家冰心FamilyandeducationbackgroundShewasborninLitchfield,ConnecticutonJune14,1811.Shewastheseventhof13children,borntooutspokenreligiousleaderLymanBeecher.Herthreebrothersbecameministers.Harrietwasenrolledintheseminary(girls‘school)runbyhersisterCatharine.Thenshejoinedherfather’sLaneTheologicalSeminarywhereshemetherwould-behusband.MarriageandexperienceThetwomarriedin1836.CalvinEllisStowewasanardentcriticofslavery.LivinginCincinnaticityinOhio,oneofanti-slaveryplacesandaterminalforslavesescapingtothenorthHousingfugitiveslaves,hearingofmoreaboutslaves’wretchedsufferingsVisitingplantationsinKentucky,seeingwithhereyesslaves’misery.WorksUncleTom'sCabin,1852-《汤姆叔叔的小屋》AKeytoUncleTom'sCabin,1853《汤姆叔叔的小屋题解》Dred:ATaleoftheGreatDismalSwamp,1856《德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事》TheMinister'sWooing,1859《牧师的求婚》ThePearlofOrr'sIsland,1862《奥尔岛上的明珠》OldTownFolks,1869《老城的人们》Writingstyle(1)Infact,Stowe'sbestwritingisaboutvillagelifeintheNewEngland'sstatesinthe19thcentury.Hersettingswereoftendescribedaccuratelyandindetail.Inthissense,shewasanimportantforerunnertotherealisticmovementthatbecamepopularlaterinthe19thcentury.UncleTom'sCabin,likemostofStowe'snovels,isramblinginstructure,butrichinpainsanddramaticincident.Itisoneofthebestexamplesoftheso-calledsentimentalficitonthatenjoyedpopularityintheUnitedStaresduringthe1800s.Writingstyle(2)UncleTom’sCabin1.生活经历2.《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的一部分创作灵感来自乔赛亚·亨森的自传。亨森是一位黑人奴隶，亨森逃到了上加拿大省,并摆脱了奴隶身份；此后，他协助了一些逃亡奴隶抵达该地，自己也过上了自给自足的生活，并写出了他的回忆录。3.西奥多·德怀特·韦尔德与格里姆克姐妹合著的《美国的奴隶制度：千人目击证词》（AmericanSlaveryAsItIs:TestimonyofaThousandWitnesses）一书，亦被确认为小说的部分材料来源。BackgroundofUncleTom'sCabinMainPlotsofTheNovelElizaescapedwithherson,TomsolddowntheriverKentuckyfarmerSlavesArthurShelbyUncleTomEmilyShelbyHarry(Eliza'sson)GeorgeShelbyElizaescapedwithherson,andTomwassoldtoanotherslaverAugustineSt.Clareandalreadybefriendedwithhisdaughter-Eva.MainPlotsEliza'sfamilyhunted,Tom'slifewithSt.ClareElizametwithherhusband-GeorgeHarrischasedbyaslave-hunter-TomLokerEva:friendliness,love,equality,likeanangel.Evagrewveryill.Beforeshediedsheexperiencedavisionofheaven,whichsheshareswiththepeoplearoundher.Therefore,St.ClaredecidedtoplededtofreeTom.TomsoldtoSimonLegreeTomwasbeatenviciously.TommetwithEmmeline,CassyUncleTomencouragedCassyandEmmelinetoescape.WhenTomrefusedtotellLegreewhereCassyandEmmelinehadgone,LegreeorderedhisoverseerstokillTom.AsTomwasdying,heforgavethem.HumbledbythecharacterofTom,theybecomeChristians.FinalsectionCassylaterdiscoversthatElizaisherlong-lostdaughterwhowassoldasachild.Nowthattheirfamilyistogetheragain,theytraveltoFranceandeventuallyLiberia,theAfricannationcreatedforformerAmericanslaves.GeorgeShelbyreturnstotheKentuckyfarmandfreesallhisslaves.GeorgetellsthemtorememberTom'ssacrificeandhisbeliefinthetruemeaningofChristianity.《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的历史影响力树立了美国反对奴隶制的旗帜开辟了美国现实主义的文学创作道路1.以黑奴汤姆为中心，描写了奴隶的悲惨命运，反映了黑暗的社会现实2.揭露了奴隶制灭绝人性的罪恶3.真实刻画了许多让人难以忘怀的奴隶的思想和性格4.刻画了众多的奴隶主和奴隶贩子的形象成为了被压迫民族反对殖民主义的历史教科书LiteraryThemesEqualityofallpeopleEvilrealityofslaveryChristianlovecanovercomeall(evensomethingasdestructiveasenslavementoffellowhumanbeings)ThemoralpowerofwomenAnalysisofTheMaincharactersMrs.Stoweportraysseveralvividcharacterswithdistinctivetemperament.Amongthem,therearethewhiteandtheblack,thenoblesandtheslaves,thekindandthecruel.Inherdescriptionofallthesecharacters,wecanlearnthatMrs.Stoweadvocatesthatpeopleareequalandisagainstracialdiscrimination.Mrs.Stoweheldthebeliefthatpeopleareborntobeequalandshouldenjoyfreedom.SothemaincharacterssheportrayedinUncleTom’sCabinareallChristianstodifferentextent.ThispartofthepaperdealswiththeanalysisofperfectChristian,non-perfectChristianandhalf-ChristianinUncleTom’sCabin.UncleTomUncleTomisanoldslaveandtheprotagonistofthenovel.Histwomostprevalentqualitiesarehisinherentgoodnessandpiety.HeisapiousChristianandresemblesJesusinmanyaspects.HeconsistentlyforgivesthewrongscommittedagainsthimandturnstoGodintimeofcrisis.LikeJesus,Tomoftenforgivesothers,nomatterthemanwhotreatshimkindorcruel.Throughoutthewholeworks,eventhoughTomkeptsufferingalotfromtheexploitation,hestillinsistonhisbeliefs.Atlasthewasevenadmiredbyhisenemiesandwontheirrespects.LittleEvaT