阅读理解策略指导课件

2011山东卷阅读试题讲评与阅读理解解题技巧Teachingprocedure：一.讲评2011山东卷阅读理解试题二.总结阅读理解技巧题目题型文章题材答案猜测技巧姓名：阿瑟·米勒职业：剧作家代表作：《我的儿子们》(Allmysons,1947)、《推销员之死》(Deathofasalesman,1949)、《萨勒姆的女巫》（TheCrucible,1953）、《桥头眺望》(AViewfromtheBridge,1955)《维系事件》(IncidentatVichy,1964)、《代价》(Theprice,1968)、《美国大钟》(TheAmericanClock,1980))等戏剧，也写过小说、剧本等。PulizerPrizeforDrama普利策奖NewYorkDramaCritics’CircleAward纽约戏剧批评家奖TonyAwardforBestPlay托尼最佳剧作奖普利策奖也称为普利策新闻奖。1917年根据美国报业巨头约瑟夫·普利策（JosephPulitzer）的遗愿设立，二十世纪七八十年代已经发展成为美国新闻界的一项最高荣誉奖，现在，不断完善的评选制度已使普利策奖成为全球性的一个奖项。普利策奖分为两类，新闻界和创作界。1.Miller`sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria-Hungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.However,heexperiencedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearlvl930s.2.Milles'smostfamousplay,DeathofaSaIesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth.(不要查词典，通过我们学过的同根词去猜)3.Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.A篇Onlywhenwedaretofacethefactthatwehadfailedcanwesucceedagain.A篇应积累的词汇drawseverefinancialruininsistonaggressivesocialstatusindicatestageattractexposeattackgetpromotedvictim1.InApril1998,helearnedhewouldneedaheartoperation.Itwasthiskindofnewsthatleadstosomeseriousthinkingaboutlife’spurpose.2.TimsawabrochuredescribingImaginationLibrary,aprogramstartedbyDollyParton’sfoundation(基金会)thatmailedabookeverymonthtochildrenfrombirthtoagefiveinthesinger’shometownofSevier,Tennessee.Ithought,maybeLindaandIcoulddosomethinglikethiswhenweretire,Timrecalls,Heplacedthebrochureonhisdesk,asareminderItwasthisexaminationthatleadstosomeseriousthinkingaboutmyattitudetowardsstudy.B篇3.ThequalityofthebookswasofgreatconcerntotheRichters.Ratherthansignuponline,theywenttoDollywoodforalook-see.Wedidn’twanttogivethechildrenrubbish.4.猜划线词词义Since2004,theyhaveshippedmorethan12,200bookstopreschoolersintheirarea.MeganWilliams,amotheroffourismorethanappreciative.ThequalityoffoodhasbeenofgreatconcerntotheChinese.We’restillconcernedaboutthequalityoffood.B篇应积累的词汇leadtobrochurequalityconcerngiveout1.DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Whenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.2.TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(贷款）program.3.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearfrommorefamiliesliketheJacobses.4.猜词义1.workable2.affordable3.profitableC篇Acombinationofdiligenceandsomelearningmethodswillmakeyousucceed.C篇应积累的词汇combinecombinationscholarshipmodestfallapartsolutionfinanceuninterruptedcomplaintD篇1.Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.2.Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.3.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfromThisisalearningmethodthatyoucanbenefitfrom.D篇应积累的词汇link…withcommandpickupsignalThisisalearningmethodthatyoucanbenefitfrom.高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息；３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出简单判断和理解；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。Howtoimprove???抓主旨明细节猜词义做推断事实细节题推理判断题主旨大意题推测词义题阅读理解题型事实细节推理判断主旨大意猜测词义20081342120099731201012800201114420近四年山东卷阅读理解题型分布表高考英语阅读中占比重最大的一类题型。有关推理的试题常常包括以下类型：1)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.2)Fromthetextweknowthat______.3)Thestoryimpliesthat______.4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe___.5)Thewriter’sattitudetoward...is______.6)Theauthorimplied（suggested）that．．．7)Itmaybeconcludedfromthepassagethat．．．8)Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport？9)Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree？1.迅速定位，缩小范围2.理解其意，对照选项3.排除干扰，选出答案（排除法）一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思。1.杜撰事实，无中生有。文中根本找不到任何相关信息，完全由命题人所捏造。2.偷梁换柱，以假乱真。采用原文中的句式和大部分词汇，但换了个别词，改变原意。3.半真半假，虚虚实实。干扰项与原文相关细节部分相同，部分相悖。4.文不对题，滥竽充数。干扰项是原文中的事实细节，但与题干要求不符。绝对词否决法：答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有:must,always,never,themost,all,only,haveto,any,no,very,completely,none,hardly等。怀疑词判断法：选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有can,could,may,should,usually,might,most(大多数),moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,possible,whetheror,notnecessarily等。关键词对应法：选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义替换的一般是选项。锅盖法：较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的，选项一般是答案项。猜答案的小窍门构词法上下推测生活常识举例归纳因果关系同义反义定义解释猜Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?Howtofindthetopicsentence?1.首先考虑首尾段2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词即高频词，也叫做主题词。归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误：1．以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。2．过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。3．把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。•1)科普类文章。科普类文章也可以分为两类，一类是新旧科技或者产品作比较，第二类是单纯介绍新技术的。这类文章不会涉及作者的感情偏好，答案都可以直接在文章中找出来，做题的时候只需要留意一下细节即可。•2)叙事类•3)人生意义类•4)社会问题类2010A.AwriterwasdiagnosedwithdiabetesB.theproblemofoverpackingC.amanwhoseworkwontwoawardsD.nuclearbattery2011A.ArtherMillerandhisplayB.acoupledidwhattheycantohelpothersC.fe