风险社会及其有效治理的战略

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[](03JZD0021)(RiskSociety),,(EcologicalPoliticsinanAgeofRisk)(WorldRiskSociety):(RiskSo2cietyRevisited:Theory,PoliticsandResearchProgrammes)[]20,,,,[];;;[]:,(100872);:,(100089),,/,//,,,,,,[1](P218),,,1986,,,,,,2052©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,;,,,,[2],;,,,[3],,,,,(InternationalDisastersDatabase),19752008,8866,2283767,15276231786084(),40%()[4](UNDP),2008,300,23500021810[5],:(1),(2),(3),,,,:,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,62©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[6]:(1),(2)(3),(4),,,,:(1),,(2),,(3),,,,,,,,,:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5),,,(1),,,,(organ2izedirresponsibility)[7](P28)(2),,,,,:(1),72©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(2)(3),,(4),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2008,6107,4517%[8]2008,50%;205070%,,:(1),,(2),,,,40,19712549:(1),,,(2),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,82©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1),,,,,,,,,:,,,;,,,,;,,;,,,,,;,;,,(2),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(3),,92©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(4),(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(5),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(6),,,,[9],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,03©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(7),,,,,,,,,,,,,(8),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(9),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(10):,;,,,,,,,,13©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1]N1Luhmann1Risk:ASociologicalTheory1Berlin:deGruyter,19931[2]:,,,2000[3]OECD1EmergingRisksinthe21stCentury:AnAgendaforAction1[4]UN1RiskandPovertyinaChangingClimate:InvestTodayforaSafeTomorrow1ISDRGlobalAssessmentReportonDisasterRiskReduction,Geneva,Switzerland,20091[5]UNDP1NaturalDisasterRiskReduction1[6]UN1WorldPopulationProspects:The2008Revision1[7]UlrichBeck1TheReinventionofPolitics:RethinkingModernityintheGlobalSocialOrder1Cambridge:Pol2ityPress,19971[8]:,No12,,,2009[9]:,,,2004RiskSocietyandtheStrategyofitsEffectiveGovernanceZHANGCheng2fu1,XIEYi2fan2(11SchoolofPublicAdministration,RenminUniversityofChina,Beijing100872;21DepartmentofPublicManagement,NationalSchoolofAdministration,Beijing100089)Abstract:Risksocietyhasbeenoneofthemostacceptableanddiscussibleconceptsinsocialsciencesince1980ps21990psofthelastcentury1Itshouldbecomeaninevitabletendencyforthedevelopmentoffuturesociety1Thebasicreasonfortheformingoftherisksocietyisthetransferringfromtraditionalriskstomodernrisks1Therearefivemajorrisksourcesoftherisksociety:population,resourcesandenvironment,scienceandtechnology,organizationandinstitutionandsocioeconomicstructures1Atthesametimetheelementsofglobalization,urbanization,thepolaritybetweenrichandpoor,theweakeningofsocialgovernancecapabilityandpopularizationofpublicriskperception,alltheseplayaroleofcatalystfortherisksociety1Inordertogetaneffectivegovernanceofrisksociety,peoplehavetoconsideranddesignsomeprinciples,measuresandmethodsofriskgovernancefromstrategicper2spectives1Inthisthesis,theauthorsraisedtenstrategiesfortheeffectivegovernanceoftherisksocie2ty,includingpolitics,market,society,culture,organization,mechanism,law,information,scienceandtechnologyandinternationalcooperation1Keywords:risk;risksociety;riskgovernance;strategy()23