Chapter3ConnectiveTissueprooper(固有结缔组织)

CONNECTIVETISSUEPROPERGeneralhistologyIntroduction&CellTissueEpitheliumConnectivetissueConnectivetissueproperCartilage&boneBloodMuscletissueNervetissueSpecialhistologyOrgan&systemThecirculatorysystemTheimmunesystemTherespiratorysystemDigestivetractDigestiveglandsTheendocrinesystemTheurinarysystemThemalereproductivesystemThefemalereproductivesystemINTRODUCTIONConnectiveTissue(CT)GeneralFeaturesFewercells,moreextracellularmatrixNopolarityRichinbloodvesslesFunctions:connection,support,protection,INTRODUCTIONCToriginatesfromthemesenchyme,anembryonictissueformedbymesenchymalcellsandamorphousmatrix无定形基质.MesenchymalcellINTRODUCTIONCT（inwidesense）CTproper（innarrowsense）CartilageBoneBloodLooseCTDenseCTAdiposetissueReticulartissueLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUELooseConnectiveTissue(LCT)–Areolar蜂窝TissueFeatures:moretypesofcellsandfewerfibersLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUELooseConnectiveTissueconsistsofCells:fibroblast成纤维细胞,plasmacell浆细胞,macrophage巨噬细胞,mastcell肥大细胞,fatcell,undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell,leukocyte['lʊkə,saɪt]白细胞.ExtracellularmatrixFiber:collagenousfiber,elasticfiber,reticularfiberGroundsubstanceLCTCELLCell:建：undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell成：fibroblast巨：macrophage大：mastcell白：leukocyte浆：plasmacell肪：fatcellDescribethestructureofacellLMShapeNucleus细胞核:nucleolus核仁Cytoplasm细胞质EMOrganelles[,ɔːgə'nel细胞器Granules[grænju:ls]颗粒FibroblastThemostcommoncellsinLCTLM:FlatwithprocessesNucleus:large,palestained着色浅,withprominentnucleolus核仁明显Cytoplasm:slightlybasophilic[,besə‘fɪlɪk嗜碱性EM:richinrER,freeribosomes'raɪbəsom]andGol.FUNCTION:synthesizefibersandmatrixLCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibroblast(HE)LCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibroblast(TEM)LCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibrocyte:aninactivestatus静止状态offibroblastwhichcandevelopintofibroblastforrepairingFibrocyteFibroblastLCTCELLPLASMACELLPlasmaCell※※DerivedfromBlymphocyteLM:ovoidorroundinshape.Roundeccentrically-locatednucleuswithwheel-arrangedheterochromatin.Cytoplasmisabundantandintenselybasophilic.EM:richinrER,freeribosomesandGol.Function:synthesizeandsecrete分泌immunoglobulins[,ɪmjəno‘glɑbjələn](antibodies),takingpartinhumoralimmunity[ɪ'mjuːnɪtɪ]体液免疫.PlasmaCell（TEM）Macrophage巨噬DerivedfrommonocyteinbloodLM：Shape:irregularwithshortprocessesNucleus:small,darklystainedCytoplasm:acidophilic,withgranules巨噬颗粒ofvarioussizesEM:numerousmicrovilli,richinlysosomes,phagosomes,phagocyticvacuoleandresidualbodyFunction:Chemotaxis；Phagocytosis吞噬作用Secretion；ImmunereactionLCTCELLMACROPHAGEMacrophageHistocyte:macrophageinLCTMacrophage(TEM)MacrophageMacrophageMastCellDistributedaroundvesselsStructure:Large,roundorovoidNucleus:smallandpale-stainedCytoplasm:filledwithnumerouscoarsemetachromatic易染性granules.Function:thegranulescontainheparin肝素,histamine组胺andeosinophilchemotacticfactors嗜酸性趋化因子,andthecytoplasmcontainsleukotriene白三烯,takingpartinallergicreactions过敏发应.LCTCELLMASTCELLMastCellMastCell(TEM)LCTCELLFATCELLFatCell(Adipocyte)StructureLarge,roundorpolygonalEccentric,flattenednucleusAthinrimofcytoplasmAlargelipiddropletFunction:synthesizeandstorefatWhiteadiposetissueHELCTCELLUndifferentiatedMesenchymalCellStructure:similartofibrocyteFunction:withdifferentiatingpotentialLeukocytesNeutrophil,eosinophilandlymphocyteLCTFIBERFiber:synthesizedbyfibroblastCollagenous[kə'lædʒənəs]fiber胶原纤维ElasticfiberReticularfiberLCTFIBERCOLLAGENOUSFIBERCollagenous[kə'lædʒənəs]Fiber(Whitefiber)LM:Thick、AcidophilicEM:parallel-arrangedcollagenousfibrils胶原原纤维Collagenousfibril:Withperiodiccrossstriation周期性横纹at64nmintervalComponent成分:typeⅠandⅢcollagensMechanicalProperty:greattensilestrengthCollagenousFiberElasticFiberCollagenousFiber（MuscleTendonHE）CollagenousFibril(EM)LCTFIBERELASTICFIBERElasticFiber(yellowfiber)LM:ThinSlightred(HE),purple(aldehydefuchsin)orbrown(orcein)EM:Elastin+MicrofibrilMechanicalProperty:greatelasticityMolecularbasisofelasticityCollagenousFiberElasticFiberLargeArteryLCTFIBERRETICULARFIBERReticularFiberLM:Thin；BranchtoformnetworksArgyrophilfiber(silverstaining)；PAS(+)EM:Component:typeⅢcollagen64nmcrossstriationsDistribution:ReticulartissueConnectingportion,e.g.reticularlaminaReticularFiber←（LymphNode，silverstaining）←←LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEGroundSubstanceAmorphouscolloidalsubstanceConsistsofGlycosaminoglycan糖胺多糖Proteoglycan蛋白多糖Multiadhesiveglycoprotein多黏多糖Tissuefluid组织液LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEGLYCOSAMINOGLYCANGlycosaminoglycans(GAGs)SulfatedChondroitinsulfateA,C硫酸软骨素Keratansulfate硫酸角质素Heparansulfate硫酸乙酰肝素Dermatansulfate硫酸皮肤素NonsulfatedHyaluronicacid(hyaluronan)透明质酸LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEPROTEOGLYCANProteoglycanA.Proteoglycansubunit1Coreprotein4GAGsTesttubebrushlikeCoreproteinGAGsLCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEPROTEOGLYCANProteoglycanB.ProteoglycanaggregateCoreproteinHyaluronicacid透明质酸ProteoglycansubunitLinkprotein连接蛋白ProteoglycansubunitCollagenousfibrilMolecularsieveLCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEMULTIADHESIVEGLYCOPROTEINMultiadhesiveGlycoprotein多黏多糖Fibronectin,FN纤维粘连蛋白Laminin,LN层粘连蛋白Chondronectin,ChN软骨粘连蛋白LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCETISSUEFLUIDTissueFluidDENSECONNE