2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes Section Ⅰ Warmi

1Unit4Earthquakes地震可能会带来很大的伤亡，但是如果在平时你能做好准备，你幸存下来的机会会大大增加。那么我们需要做好哪些准备呢？Herearesometipstohelpyouincreasethechancesofsurviving.Makeahomeearthquakeplan.Findasafeplaceineveryroom，suchasadeskoratable，whereyoucanfindcoverinanearthquake.Fortwo­floorhomes，getaproper­sizedladdertogetoutthroughawindowifthestairsaredamaged.Decidewhereyourfamilywillre­meetifyouareseparated.Decideonanout­of­townrelativeforfamilymemberstogetintouchwith.Attachthingssuchastallfurnitureandwaterheaterstothewallsothattheywillnotbeknockedoverduringanearthquake.Prepareanemergencykit(成套工具)foryourhomeandacarthathasfood，water，clothing，flashlights，aradioandafirst­aidkitinit.Knowwhattodowhenanearthquakestarts.Drop，coverandholdon.Onlymoveafewstepstoasafeplaceforcoverandstaythereuntiltheshakingstops.Ifyouareinacar，slowdownanddrivetosomewhereawayfromtreesandpowerlines.Stayinyourcaruntiltheshakingstops.Practicefortherealthingtohelpkeepaclearheadwhenarealearthquakehappens.[阅读障碍词]1．attachv．贴，系，把……固定2．furnituren．家具3．first­aidadj.急救的[诱思导读]阅读短文，回答问题1．Howmanytipsdoesthepassageofferus?Six．2．Whydowepracticefortherealthinginourdailylife?Tohelpkeepaclearheadwhenarealearthquakehappens.SectionⅠWarmingUp，Pre­reading&Reading2Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.burstA．vi.爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发()2.ruinB．vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭()3.injureC．vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏()4.destroyD．n.废墟；毁灭vt.使破产；毁灭()5.shockE．vt.损害；伤害()6.rescueF．vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n．休克；打击；震惊()7.trapG．vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境()8.buryH．n.灾难；灾祸()9.disasterI．n.&vt.援救；营救()10.electricityJ．n.电；电流；电学[答案]1－5ADEBF6－10IGCHJⅡ.选择下列句子中相应词组的汉语意思A．立刻；马上B．仿佛；好像C．终结；结束D．严重受损；破败不堪E．掘出；发现F．许多；大量的1．Thecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.2．Whenourday'sworkwasatanendwerushedthere.3．Thebottlewasdugoutbythevillagers.4．Alargenumberofpeopleappliedforthejob.5．You'dbettercleanthescreenofyourcomputerrightaway.6．Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.[答案]1－6DCEFABANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN'TSLEEPStrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Farmersnoticed3thatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.①Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.②Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.Atabout3：00amonJuly28,1976,somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.ThesoundofplanescouldbeheardoutsidethecityofTangshanevenwhennoplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents，③wereasleepasusualthatnight.地球的一个不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村不断有怪事发生。三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。村民们注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。老鼠跑出田地找地方躲藏。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼往外跳。1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，一些人看到天上有明亮的光，即使天上没有飞机，在唐山城外也能听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。但这座城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事儿，那天晚上照常睡觉了。[助读讲解]①too...to...太……而不能……。②现在分词短语lookingforplacestohide作伴随状语。③who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰people；thinklittleof几乎不考虑，对……不重视，忽视。At3：42ameverythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecityoneofthegreatestearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun.ItwasfeltinBeijing，whichismorethantwohundredkilometresaway.④One­thirdofthenationfeltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswide⑤cutacross⑥houses,roadsandcanals.Steamburstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.Thesufferingofthepeoplewasextreme.Two­thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400，000.凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃起来，仿佛到了世界末日！二十世纪最大的地震之一就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。200多公里以外的北京都感到了地震。全国三分之一的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸汽。石头山变成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦陷在一片废墟中。人们遭受了极大的痛苦。三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。死亡和重伤人数达到40多万。4[助读讲解]④which引导定语从句，修饰Beijing。⑤thatwas...wide是that引导的定语从句，修饰crack。⑥cutacross横切，穿过，抄近路。Buthowcouldthesurvivorsbelieveitwasnatural?Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.Allofthecity'shospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Nowind，however,couldblowthemaway.Twodamsfellandmostofthebridgesalsofellorwerenotsafefortravelling.Therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofsteel.Tensofthousandsof⑦cowswouldnevergivemilkagain.Halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstone⑧shookTangshan.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.Morebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.⑨可幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。然而，他们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了，就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水，人们震惊了。接着，当天下午晚些时候，同第一次一样强烈的地震震撼着唐山。一些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、食物和电都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。[助读讲解]⑦tensofthousandsof数以万计的。⑧which引导定语从句，修饰quake。⑨last在此处为动词，意为“持续”。Allhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantohelptherescueworkers.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Thearmyo