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-1-SectionⅢGrammar——系动词语境自主领悟先观察原句①Bothofthesemedicineshaveprovedbeneficialtomankindsincetheywereinvented.②Withinashorttime，aspirinbecamethebestsellingmedicineintheworldforpainrelief.③Henotedthatadishinwhichhewastryingtogrowbacteriaforanexperimentlookedabnormal.④Anotherdrugthathashelpedincreasethestandardofpeople'shealthispenicillin.⑤Manypeoplehasfallenillbecauseofthecoldweather.⑥Itturnedoutthatmyjudgementwasright.⑦Itseemsasifhehaslostinterestinhisnewjobagain.⑧Pleasekeepsilentatthemeetingunlessyou'reallowedtotalk.后自主感悟1.以上各句中的黑体词均为系动词。系动词本身有一定词义，但是不能单独作谓语。其中例句④的be是最常用的系动词。2.例句③中的look为“感觉感知”类系动词。3.例句⑧中的keep为“状态持续”类系动词，而例句①中的prove、例句⑥中的turnout和例句⑦中的seem为“主观判断”类系动词。4.例句②中的become和例句⑤中的fall为“状态变化”类系动词。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，它后面必须带有表语(如名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、过去分词或从句等)形成“系表结构”。一、系动词的种类1．“状态持续”类系动词这类系动词表示主语某种状态的持续。常见的有：remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)，lie(处于……状态)等。Sheremainedsilentallnight，whichmadeusallworriedabouther.她整个晚上沉默不语，这让我们都为她担心。-2-Ihopeyoucankeepfitforever.我希望你身体永远健康。2．“主观判断”类系动词这类系动词包括seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎，显得)，prove(证明是)，turnout(结果是，证明是)。Intheeyesofourgrandparents，hispaintingseemedabsurd.在我们的祖父母看来，他的画似乎是荒唐可笑的。Sheappearstohavealotoffriends.她似乎有很多朋友。[名师点津](1)seem和appear后可以接todo，tobedoing以及tohavedone的形式，也可用于Itseems/appearsthat＋主语＋其他。(2)seem后可以接asif/asthough引导的表语从句。3．“感觉”类系动词这类系动词是与五种感觉相关的动词。常见的有：look(看起来)，feel(摸上去)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)等。Thefoodlooksverydelicious.这食物看起来很好吃。Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布料手感很软。4．“状态变化”类系动词这类系动词表示主语从一种状态进入另一种状态。常见的有：become，turn，grow，go，come，fall，get等。Shebecameateacher.＝Sheturnedteacher.她成了一名教师。Hegrewrichwithinashorttime.他没多长时间就富了。[即时训练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseemstohavegone(go)wrongwithit.②Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorderwhatlooks(look)nice.③Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine，shewent(go)pale.二、使用系动词应注意的几点1．系动词后接形容词作表语时，表明事物或人的状态，无被动语态。除表示人的身体目前状态外，均不用进行时态，常用一般现在时或一般过去时的主动语态形式。-3-Thesurfaceofthetablefeelssmooth.这桌子表面摸起来很光滑。He'snotfeelingwellthismorning.今天早上他感觉不太舒服。2．有些系动词后接形容词作表语时，还可以表示事物或人的变化过程，可用于进行时态。Thedaysaregettingcolderandcolder.天变得越来越冷了。Sincesheeatsaloteveryday，sheisbecomingfatterandfatter.她每天都吃很多，所以她变得越来越胖了。3．某些系动词与形容词之间有固定的搭配。getill/angry，cometrue，gomad/hungry/wrong/blind，makecertain/sure/ready，standstill，appearcalm，lookwell/young/tired，provecorrect，fallasleep，turnyellow/green/red，getexcited/married/wet等。4．有些系动词如seem，appear，prove可以和tobe连用，tobe常被省略。Sheappeared(tobe)happyatthenews.听到这个消息她好像很高兴。Therumourproved(tobe)false.这个传闻原来是假的。[即时训练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①Suddenlyhefell(fall)illandranahighfever.②MrJonesturned(turn)headmasterlastyear.③Thesurfaceofthetablefeels(feel)smooth.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Myparentshavealwaysmademefeel(feel)goodaboutmyself，evenwhenIwastwelve.2．Ladiesandgentlemen，pleaseremainseated(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.3．Thetheoryhestucktoproved(prove)wrong.4．Hiswishtobecomeanastronautcame(come)trueeventually.5．Thechildrenalllookedsadly(sad)atthebrokenmodelplaneandfeltquitesad.6．Tasting(taste)sodelicious，thefoodwassoldoutsoon.-4-7．Doyouthinkthatbridgemeasures(measure)2，000meterslong?Itdoesn'tappearthatlong.8．Theflowerssmelling(smell)sweetinthebotanicalgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.9．Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrowis(be)oftenacceptable.10．Doyouwakeupeverymorningfeeling(feel)energeticandreadytostartanewday?Ⅱ.完成句子1．Thismatterremainsamystery．此事仍是一个谜。2．Itseemstomethatitisthebestsolution.在我看来这似乎是最好的解决方法。3．Iheardthathefellillbecauseofhardwork.我听说他由于劳累而病倒了。4．Attheageoffifteen，hebecameafamouspianist．十五岁时他成了有名的钢琴家。5．Children，keepquiet，please.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.孩子们，请保持安静，我有要事告诉你们。6．Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwillstayfreshforseveraldays.为什么不把肉放在冰箱里呢？会保鲜好几天的。7．Thetaskprovedmoredifficultthanwehadthought.这项任务证明比我们想的更难。8．Ihopeyouwillkeepfitandliveahappylife.我希望你们会身体健康生活幸福。9．Theexerciselookseasy，butinfactit'sveryhard.这个练习看上去容易但实际很难。10．Don'tyouthinkthemusicofthesongsoundsbeautiful?你不认为这首歌的音乐听起来很优美吗？