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1PartⅡUsinglanguage——定语从句(3)【思维导图】Ⅰ.基本特征感悟【感悟用法】ThemantowhomyoutalkedjustnowismyEnglishteacher.Heisadoptinganewteachingmethodinwhichweareallinterested.TomorrowistheTeachers’Dayonwhichwearegoingtogivehimagiftinordertothankhim.【自我总结】上文中黑体部分引导的是定语从句，它们均为介词＋关系代词。Ⅱ.主要用法精讲一、“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词“介词＋关系代词”是一种普遍使用的结构。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词只可用whom或which，不可用that。Doyourememberthedayonwhich(when)youjoinedourclub?还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人她能够求助。二、“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。1.一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。(比如时间常和on,in,by搭配；地点常用on，in，at；原因用for；方式用in，by，with等)Thisisthehouseinwhich(where)theinventorlived.2这就是那位发明家住过的房子。2.二动，即看从句中的谓语动词结构。根据从句中谓语动词的搭配选择合适的介词。Heisthepersonofwhomeveryonehasheard.(hearof听说)他是那位所有人都听说过的人。3.三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。Hewaseducatedatalocalhighschool，afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.他在当地的一所高中上学，之后他继续在北京大学学习。4.四特殊：介词of常用于“表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词结构”。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all，both，none，neither，either，some，any，数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词＋名词；the＋最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many，most，few，several，enough,half,aquarter。Therearesixtystudentsinourclass，twentyofwhomaregirls.我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%ofwhicharesoldabroad.这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋子，其中的80%销往国外。Therearetworooms，thesmallerofwhichismystudyroom.有两个房间，较小的那个是我的书房。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中可用的关系代词有哪些？此结构中可以把关系代词换成关系副词吗？指人时，用whom；指物时，用which。该结构中不能把关系代词换成关系副词，因为介词后要跟关系代词。即学即练用“介词＋关系代词”填空1.Therearesomeoccasionson__whichonemustgivein.2.Canyoutellmethereasonfor__whichyoudidn’tcometoherbirthdayparty?3.Waterisathingwithout__whichmancan’tlive.4.Theoldwomanhastwosons,bothof__whomaredoctors.名师提醒像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定动词短语，3在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。Thisisthepersonwhom/who/thatyouarelookingfor.这就是你在找的那个人。Ⅰ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空1.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergyto__whichwemayreturninthenearfuture.2.Thenewly-builtcafé，thewallsof__whicharepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.3.Thisistheteacherfrom__whomI’velearntalot.4.Guncontrolisasubjectabout__whichAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.5.Thepolicemanwith/about__whomMrHenryistalkingisafriendofmine.6.Hebuiltatelescopethrough__whichhecouldstudythestars.7.Myfatheristhefirstpersonto__whomIwillturnforhelpwhenImeetdifficulties.8.Isshethegirlfrom__whomyouborrowedthedressyesterdayevening?9.Iwillneverforgetthedayon__whichIwasadmittedtoafamousuniversity.10.Wouldyoubekindenoughtohelptheboyfor__whomChineseisreallyhardtolearn?Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”补全句子1.Studentsshouldtakeanactivepartinthecommunityactivitiesfrom__which__they__can__gain__social__experience.学生们应该积极参加那些能够让他们获得社会经验的社区活动。2.Thisisthepolicemanby__whom__my__son__was__saved.这正是救了我儿子的警察。3.Thisisthehousein__which__I__lived__two__years__ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。4.InmyfirstchemistryclassIknewthefactthatthiskindofcolorlessgaswithout__which__we__can’t__liveiscalledoxygen.在我的第一堂化学课上，我知道了这个事实：这种无色气体被称作氧气，没有它我们无法生4存。5.Historyisthesubjectinourschoolin__which__every__student__is__interested.历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。Ⅲ.语法填空IwastwelveyearsoldwhenIlearnttorideabike.Thebikewasabirthdaypresentfrommyuncle.Youcanimaginehow1.________(excite)IwaswhenIsawthebike,andIbeggedmyuncletoteachmehow2.________(ride)itrightaway.However,beforeIgotonthebike,Ifelt3.________(extreme)nervousandIwasafraidthatIwouldfalloffandhurt4.________(I).Myuncleheldontotheseatandhelpedmetoget5.________thebike.WhileIwasriding,hewasrunningalongbesideme,holdingtheseatsoIwouldnotfallover.Iwasso6.________(gratitude)tohimforhishelp.AsIwaspracticing,Ibecamemoreandmoreconfident.Then,Iheardmyuncleshouting,“Youareridingitbyyourselfnow！”Iwasscared.Iwasreallyridingbymyself,but7.________ifIfelloff?CouldIusethebrakestostop?AsIwaswonderingaboutthis,myuncleranaftermeandgotholdofthebike.I8.________(slow)downandcametoastop.MyheartwasstillbeatingfastwhenIgotoffthebike.9.________(late)thatday,havinglearnthowtogetonthebikeandgetoffit,IfeltlikeIwaswalkingonair!Iamstillthankfultomyuncleforteachingmetorideabikeonmy10.________(twelve)birthday.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了12岁时在叔叔的帮助下学会骑自行车的故事。1.excited[此处作表语，修饰人，故用-ed形式形容词。]2.toride[teach后可跟“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语，故填toride。]3.extremely[修饰形容词nervous应用副词形式。]4.myself[hurtoneself伤害自己。]5.on[根据下文WhileIwasriding可知叔叔帮助我骑上自行车。]6.grateful[此处作表语，故用形容词形式。]7.what[whatif倘使……将会怎样。]8.slowed[根据并列谓语andcametoastop可知此处应使用一般过去时。]9.Later[later后来。laterthatday那天晚些时候。]510.twelfth[此处表示顺序，用序数词。故填twelfth。]