-1-Unit1Culturalrelics【导读】通常看一个人读些什么书就可知道他的为人,就像看他同什么人交往就可知道他的为人一样,因为有人以人为伴,也有人以书为伴。阅读下面选取的美文《以书为伴》,对比中外文化中对书籍态度的异同。CompanionshipofBooksAmanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionship①ofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritbeofbooksorofmen.Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthesametodaythatitalwayswas,anditwillneverchange.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulofcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackuponusintimesofadversity②ordistress.Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness;amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingandconsoling③usinage.Menoftendiscovertheiraffinity④toeachotherbythelovetheyhaveeachforabook—justastwopersonssometimesdiscoverafriendbytheadmirationwhichbothentertainforathird.Thereisanoldproverb:“loveme,lovemydog.”Butthereismorewisdominthis:“loveme,lovemybook.”Thebookisatruerandhigherbondofunion.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.Theyliveinhimtogether,andheinthem.“Books”,saidHazlitt,“windintotheheart;thepoet'sverseslidesinthecurrentofourblood.Wereadthemwhenyoung,werememberthemwhenold.Wefeelthatithashappenedtoourselves.Theyaretobeverycheapandgood.Webreathebuttheairofbooks.”Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalife,enshrining⑤thebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofaman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangelofmercy-2-purifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality⑥.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumanefforts.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.Timeisofnoaccountwithgreatthoughts,whichareasfreshtodayaswhentheyfirstpassedthroughtheirauthor'smindsagesago.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtstillspeakstousasvividlyaseverfromtheprintedpage.Theonlyeffectoftimehasbeentosiftoutthebadproducts;fornothinginliteraturecanlongsurvivebutwhatisreallygood.Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathize⑦withthem,enjoywiththem,grievewiththem;theirexperiencebecomesours,andwefeelasifwewereinameasureactorswiththeminthesceneswhichtheydescribe.Thegreatandgooddonotdieeverinthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,theirspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.Henceweeverremainundertheinfluenceofthegreatmenofold.Theimperial⑧intellectsoftheworldareasmuchalivenowastheywereagesago.以书为伴观其友而知其人,同样,察其所读之书亦能知其人,只因书与人一样,也能做人之友。而人总应择其最佳者为友,无论是书还是人。好书如好友,过去是,现在也是,将来也不会变。书是最沉静也最让人愉悦的伙伴,即使我们遭遇灾难或不幸、痛苦,它也不会背叛我们,始终如一,善待接纳。我们年轻时,书本给我们以欢娱和陶冶;我们老迈时,又给我们以慰藉和鼓励。人们常常因同爱一本书而精神共鸣——正如两个人有时因共同仰慕另外一人而彼此成为朋友,古谚云:“爱屋及乌”,而“爱其人,也爱其珍爱之书”这句话里却含有更多的哲理。书是更忠诚更高尚的情感纽带。人们可以通过共同喜爱的作者而相知相契,息息相通。他们的思想与作者的思想水乳交融,密不可分。黑兹利特曾说:“书香轻拂沁心灵,诗行轻滑渗血液。青春时所读之书,垂暮时依然会回想,仿佛就在身边发生。书籍价廉物美,我们就在书香中呼吸。”一本好书往往就是作者的人生结晶,里面蕴藏着他穷其一生的求索成果。因为人一生的世界大多就是其思想的世界,故而最优秀的书籍也就是至理名言和辉煌思想的富藏。这些思想若能铭记在心,就成为我们永久的朋友和永恒的慰藉。菲利普·悉尼爵士说过:“与高尚思想为伴的人永不寂寞。”在我们经受诱惑时,美好的思想如同仁慈的天使,净化护卫着我们的灵魂,并蕴含着我-3-们行动的萌芽,因为美好的话语总能激励我们美好的行动。书籍永生,是人类劳作最长久的成果。庙宇会坍塌,雕像会朽败,书籍却经久长存。伟大的思想不会因时间的流逝而失其光辉,一如千百年前最初在作者脑海中出现时那样清新。往昔的论述和思想今天依然在书页上鲜明有力地展现在我们面前。时间的唯一作用就是淘汰低劣之作。只有真正优秀的作品才能与世长存,流芳千古。书籍把我们带入最优秀的人群之中,把我们带到人间一切最伟大的思想家面前,我们聆听其话语,领会其成就,仿佛他们依然活在人间。我们与他们灵犀相通,悲喜与共,他们的人生体验变成我们自己的人生体验。我们仿佛感觉到,我们是在作者描绘的人生舞台上,与他们同台演出。伟大和美好的思想在这个世界上永不会消亡。载之于书籍,这思想传诸四海,而书籍就是活着的声音,是我们至今仍在倾听的真知灼见,因而我们永远沐浴在逝去伟人的思想中。与千百年前一样,人世间无与伦比的智慧如今依然熠熠生辉。[知识积累]1.companionshipn.伙伴关系;友情,友谊2.adversityn.逆境;不幸;灾难3.consolev.安慰,慰问4.affinityn.密切关系5.enshrinev.珍藏,铭记6.immortalityn.永生不朽,不灭7.sympathizev.同情,怜悯8.imperialadj.皇家的,庄严的;特级的[文化链接]西方人的读书态度西方人的读书态度是将读书作为一种生活习惯和人生习惯,真正投入时间是在自己的兴趣所在上。在西方世界,书是知识的海洋和无限的奥秘,他们的读书观是读书这件事就是件最重要的小事情,世界上任何书籍都不能带给你好运,但是它们能让你成为你自己,如此而已。