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-1-SectionⅣUsingLanguageSTANDARDENGLISHANDDIALECTSWhatisstandardEnglish?IsitspokeninBritain,theUS,Canada,Australia,IndiaandNewZealand?Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradiois①standardEnglish.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenews②wereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak③.标准英语和方言什么是标准英语？是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度和新西兰所说的英语吗？信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语。这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。[助读讲解]①过去分词短语spokenonTVandtheradio作后置定语，修饰theEnglish。②who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。③peoplespeak为定语从句，修饰theway，省略了作状语的引导词that或者inwhich。Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressions(词语；表示)differentfromthe“standardlanguage”④，itiscalledadialect.AmericanEnglishhasmanydialects,especiallythemidwestern(中西部的),southern,African(非洲的；非洲人的)AmericanandSpanish(西班牙的)dialects.EveninsomepartsoftheUSA,twopeoplefromneighbouring⑤townsspeakalittledifferently.AmericanEnglishhassomanydialectsbecausepeoplehavecomefromallovertheworld.当人们使用不同于“标准语言”的词语时，那就叫作方言。美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部地区的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美国有些地区，即使是相邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都可能稍有不同。美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人来自世界各地的缘故。[助读讲解]④形容词短语differentfromthe“standardlanguage”作后置定语修饰wordsandexpressions。⑤neighbouringadj.附近的(只作前置定语)。Geographyalsoplaysapartinmakingdialects.Somepeoplewholiveinthe-2-mountainsoftheeastern(东方的；东部的)USA⑥speakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.WhenAmericansmovedfromoneplacetoanother,theytooktheirdialectswiththem.Sopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheastern(东南方的；来自东南的)USAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectas⑦peopleinthenorthwestern(西北方的)USA.TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken⑧．AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognize(辨认出；承认)andunderstandeachother'sdialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言随着带去了。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。[助读讲解]⑥who引导定语从句，修饰先行词somepeople。⑦thesame...as...和……一样的……。⑧inwhich引导定语从句，修饰alargecountry。第一步速读——了解文章主题和段落大意速读P13课文内容，选择最佳答案1．Whatdoesthepassagetellus?A．AmericanEnglishhasmanydifferentdialects.B．Americansmovealottakingtheirdialectswiththem.C．PeoplewhoreportthenewsonTVortheradiospeaktheStandardEnglish.D．ThereisnoStandardEnglishbutEnglishwithmanydifferentdialects.2．Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1A．AmericanEnglishhasmanydialects.Para.2B．Geographyplaysapartinmakingdialects.Para.3C．ThereisnostandardEnglishintheworld.[答案]1.D2.CAB第二步细读——把控文章关键信息细读P13课文内容，判断正(T)误(F)1．ThereisnostandardEnglishinthewriter'sopinion.(T)2．TheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradioisstandardEnglish.(F)3．AmericanEnglishhasmanydialectsbutpeoplefromneighbouringtownssaythesamedialect.(F)4．Geographyplaysapartinmakingdialects.(T)第三步研读——能力升华接轨高考-3-根据P13课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Whenpeopleusewordsand1.expressions(express)differentfromthe“standardlanguage”，it2.iscalled(call)adialect.AmericanEnglishhassomany3.dialects(dialect)becausepeoplehavecomefromallovertheworld.Geographyalsoplaysapart4.inmakingdialects.Somepeople5.living(live)inthemountainsofthe6.eastern(east)USAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.WhenAmericans7.moved(move)fromoneplacetoanother，theytook8.their(they)dialectswiththem.SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialect9.aspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.TheUSAisalargecountryin10.whichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot，theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachother'sdialects.Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语提示，写出下列单词1．Judgingbyheraccent(口音)，shemustbeasoutherner.2．Thedriverwastoodrunktowalkstraight(径直地)．3．Thereisablock(石块)inthepipeandthewatercan'tflowaway.4．Workersmadearequest(请求)thattheirworkingconditionsshouldbeimproved.5．Theseusefulexpressions(表达)inEnglishareveryimportant，soyou'dbetterrememberthem.6．WhenIpickedupthereceiver，Irecognized(辨认出)thevoiceatonce；thatwasmysister.Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．usev．用；使用n．用途；用→usefuladj.有用的→usagen．使用；用法；词语惯用法2．African.非洲→Africann．非洲人adj.非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的3．recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认→recognizationn．识别Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1．believeitornot信不信由你2．bedifferentfrom与……不同3．playapartin扮演一个角色；参与-4-4．takesth.withsb.某人随身携带某物Ⅳ.选词填空用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Believeitornot，Ididn'tgetintotroubleforbeinglateforthegrammarclasstoday.2．Theexperienceyougetinyourearlylifewillplayapartinyourcareer.3．Actually，mystudyplanisdifferentfromyours.Ⅴ.经典句式必背1．Asweknow，BritishEnglishisalittledifferentfrom/thanAmericanEnglish.众所周知，英式英语和美式英语有点不同。[记句式结构]“Asweknow”as引导的非限制性定语从句[仿写促落实]Asisknowntoall/Aswe(all)know，theearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。2．Believeitornot，thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。[记句式结构]“thereisnosuch＋可数名词单数＋as...”句式[仿写促落实]Thereisnosuchgoodthingasafreelunch.世上没有免费午餐这样的好事。3．Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio，thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。[记句式结构]Thisisbecause这是因为[仿写促落实]Hewouldn'tliketogoout，thisisbecausehedoesn'tfeelwell.他不想出去，这是因为他觉得不舒服。4．SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectaspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。