2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 21 Human Biology Section Ⅱ La

1SectionⅡLanguagePoints(Ⅰ)(Warm­up&Lesson1)Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Thisweek,thecompanymailedoutitsannual(年度的)report.2．Ittookmesometimetodigest(领悟)whatIhadheard.3．Peoplewhocirculate(传播)falsenewsaretoblame.4．Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashouldbepulleddownhasremainedcontroversial(有争议的)．5．Theywenttoprisonbecausetheyviolated(违反)thelaw.6．Theintervalbetweenthepostsmeasuresthirtymetres.7．Idon'tknowwhetherIshouldswapseatswiththestranger.8．ChildrenneedtocompletenineyearsofcompulsoryeducationinChina.9．Thosewhoknowhowtotolerateotherscannaturallyleadahappylife.10．Freshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词1．circulatevi.循环→circulationn．循环2．toleratevt.容忍→tolerantadj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerancen．容忍3．doubtv．&n.怀疑→doubtfuladj.怀疑的，不肯定的4．opposevt.反对→oppositeadj.相对的→oppositionn．反对5．contradictvt.与(其他事物)相矛盾→contradictionn．矛盾6．violatevt.违反，违背→violationn．违反Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1．invain徒然，白费力气2．atrandom随便地；随意地3．atallcosts不管多大代价，无论如何4．dueto由于5．comeacross偶然遇见6．contributeto促成；导致27．insilence沉默地；默不作声地8．moreorless或多或少，大约9．outofbreath气喘吁吁10．inuse(机械、场所等)在使用中Ⅳ.选词填空用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Wemustarrivethereatallcostsbeforemidnight.2．Icameacrossthisvaluablebookinanoldbookstore.3．Theirrigationcanalsthathadfallenintodisrepairareinuseagain.4．Theirinventionshavecontributedtothedevelopmentofelectricalengineering.5．Sheopenedthebookatrandomandstartedreading.[寻规律、巧记忆]n.＋­ful→adj.v.＋to→动词短语careful小心的helpful有帮助的useful有用的stickto坚持attendto专心；注意；照料seeto负责；注意背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.IfAmericanathleteMarionJoneshadn'ttakendrugs，wouldshehavemadeittotheOlympicsatall？如果美国运动员玛里昂·琼斯没有服用兴奋剂的话，她能成功地进军奥运会吗？makeitto“能参加，出席”，其中to为介词。Wedidn'tmakeittothepartyintheend.我们最终还是没能参加那个聚会。2.Unfortunately，itisnoteasytocatchathletesusingillegaldrugs.不幸的是，查出运动员服用违禁药物并不容易。catchsb.doingsth.“撞见某人正在做某事”。Theteachercaughttheboycheatingintheexam.老师发现那个男孩在考试中作弊。3.Inthefuture,athleteswhohavetheirgeneschangedmightbehavesth.done“使Shehadherpursestolenyesterdaywhenshewas3abletodothe100metresdashinjust8secondsorthemarathoninlessthantwohours.将来，改变了基因的运动员有可能创下仅8秒的百米纪录或不到两个小时的马拉松长跑纪录。某事被做，请/让/叫别人做某事；经历，遭受某事”。walkingaroundtheshoppingcenter.昨天逛商场时她的钱包被偷了。toleratevt.容忍；忍耐；容许(教材P34)Thesportsworlddoesnottoleratedopingasitisafundamentalformofcheating.由于它是基本的欺骗方式，体育界是不会容许运动员服用兴奋剂的。(1)tolerate(doing)sth.容忍(做)某事(2)tolerancen.容忍；宽容havenotoleranceof/forsth.不能容忍某事物(3)tolerantadj.宽容的；容忍的betolerantof/towardssb./sth.忍受、宽容某人/某事①Icouldnottoleratetheirmakingupanyexcusesforwhattheydid.我不能容忍他们为所做的事情编造任何的借口。②Someplantsaretolerant(tolerate)ofextremeheat.有些植物能耐酷热。③Shehadnotolerance(tolerate)forherdeskmate'sshortcomings.她容不得同桌的缺点。seekvt.寻找；探求；追求；征求；试图vi.寻找；探求；追求(教材P34)Dopingisnotonlyaprobleminathletics，itispartofeverysportwhereathletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimitsandarepreparedtocheattodoso.服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动的问题，也是有运动员想寻求取得超常体育成绩而准备欺骗的任何一项体育项目的问题。seektodosth.设法、企图做某事4seekafter/for追求，探索seekthrough找遍seekout搜寻出；挑选出；找到seekone'sfortune寻找发财机会，谋求出路①Allmenhavetherighttoseekafterhappiness.所有人都有追求幸福的权利。②Iseektoset(set)anexampleformycolleagues.我试图为我的同事做个榜样。③Hesoughtoutashadyspotwherehemightsitdownandrest.他找到了一个可以坐下来休息的荫凉地方。invain徒然；白费力气(教材P34)FloydLandismadeseverallameexcusesblamingmedicinehehadbeentakingforaninjurybutthesewereallinvain.弗洛伊德·兰蒂斯做了几次站不住脚的辩解，责怪他因伤服用的药物，但是这些都是徒劳的。(1)vainadj.徒劳；白费力气；空虚的；无益的；自负的；虚荣心强的bevainabout/of对……虚荣的/自负的/自以为了不起的vainpromises空头的许诺(2)vainlyadv.徒劳地；不成功地；白费力地①Hemadealotofvainpromisesbutnevercarriedthemout.他做出了很多虚假的承诺，但从未兑现过。②Shewasvainof/abouthergoodlooks.她对她的美貌很自负。atrandom随便地；随意地(教材P34)Itiscompulsoryforwinnerstobetestedbutotherparticipantsareonlytestedatrandom.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意的检查。(1)randomadj.胡乱的；随便的，任意的(2)onpurpose有意地，故意地(反义词组)5①Thisisonlyarandomsample.这只是随意抽取的样品。②Whydoyoucareabouthisrandomremarks?他只是随便一说，何必介意？③—Don'tthrowwastepaperatrandomoritwillmaketheclassroomdirty.——不要随便扔废纸，否则会把教室搞得很脏。—I'msorry，Ididn'tdoitonpurpose.——对不起，我不是故意的。opposevt.反对(教材P34)Gene­therapyisverycontroversialandmanypeopleopposefurtherresearchintoit.基因治疗是一个非常有争议的问题，许多人反对对其进行进一步的研究。(1)oppose(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposedadj.反对的beopposedto(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(3)oppositeadj.对立的；在……对面的prep.在……的对面n.相反的人或物，对立物beoppositeto与……相对，在……对面①SomepeopleopposecancellingtheNewYear'sEveholidayin2015.有些人反对取消2015年除夕假日。②Iamopposedtogoing(go)shoppingonSundaysforitistoocrowded.我反对星期天逛街，因为太拥挤了。③Thepeoplesittingopposite(oppose)uslookedveryfamiliar.坐在我们对面的那些人看上去很面熟。[名师点津]oppose＝objectto＝beagainst反对；oppose为及物动词，object为不及物动词，against为介词。contradictvt.与(其他事物)相矛盾(教材P34)However，ifagenerationofsportsstarswithenhancedgeneswerecreated，itwouldcontradictthewholespiritofsport.然而，如果一代有强化基因的运动明星被造出，这将有悖于整个运动精神。(1)contradictoneself自相矛盾6(2)contradictoryadj.矛盾的；完全相反的becontradictorytosth.与……相矛盾(3)contradictionn.反驳；矛盾incontradictionto/with与……相矛盾；与……相违背①Thewell­bredcontradictotherpeople.Thewisecontradictthemselves.教养良好的人处处和他人过不去。头脑聪明的人处处和自己过不去。②Hisprivateactionsareindirectcontradictionto/withhispubliclyexpressedopinions.他私下的行为跟公开的言论完全是两码事。atallcosts不管多大代价；无论如何(教材P34)TheOlympicspirit—thespiritofcompetitionwhichemphasisestakingpartratherthanwinning—hasbeenviolatedbythedesiretosucceedatallcos