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1SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage(教材P5)Howeverseverethejourneyis，aslongasIamwithnature，Idon'tcare.不管旅途有多么艰辛，只要我能感受大自然，我都不在乎。【要点提炼】句中的howeverseverethejourneyis是让步状语从句，从句的语序为：however＋adj./adv.＋主语＋句子的其他成分。Weshallneversucceed，howevermuchwetry.无论我们多么的努力，都不可能成功。Howevercolditis，shealwaysgoesswimming.无论天多冷，她总是去游泳。①nomatter＋疑问词(what，where，when，whose等)只能引导让步状语从句，相当于“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句。②“疑问词＋ever”也可以引导名词性从句。Whicheverdayyoucome(＝Nomatterwhichdayyoucome)，I'llbepleasedtoseeyou.无论你哪天来，我都欢迎。Wheneveryoucome(＝Nomatterwhenyoucome)，youarewelcome.你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。WhateverIsaidcouldn'tgethiminterestedinthesubject.不论我说什么都不能让他对这门学科感兴趣。翻译句子①无论他多么努力工作，却总是入不敷出。②谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。【答案】①However/Nomatterhowhardheworks，hefindsitdifficulttomakeendsmeet.②Givethisbooktowhoeverlikesit.doomvt.注定；判决n．厄运；毁灭(教材P6)Thosewhodonotlearnfromhistoryaredoomedtorepeatit.2不能从历史中吸取经验的人注定要重复历史。Theprojectwasdoomedtofailurefromthestart.这项工程从一开始就注定要失败。Allmortalsaredoomedtodie.所有人都注定要死。①bedoomedto...注定……(后接名词或不定式)②gotoone'sdoom走向死亡falltoone'sdoom坠入死亡/灭亡meetone'sdoom死亡；灭亡sendsb.tohisdoom将某人处死Thedictatormethisdoomaftertenyearsofrule.独裁者统治了十年终于完蛋了。He'ssentyouandyourdeadknightstomeettheirdoom，Darion.他是把你和你的死亡骑士们引向灭亡，达里安！完成句子①这桩婚姻从一开始就注定要破裂。Themarriagefromthestart.②当时法国人民强烈要求处死路易十六。TheFrenchpeoplethenstronglydemandedLouisXⅥ．③我注定要给范妮·格洛弗让路。ImakewayforFannyGlover.【答案】①wasdoomed②shouldbesenttohisdoom③amdoomedto[精要点拨]主语名词、代词、数词、不定式、动词的ing形式、从句等可作句子的主语。一、名词或名词短语作主语Someyoungpeoplecan'tsettledowntotheirownbusiness.有些年轻人不能专心于自己的工作。Weatherinourcoastalcityisniceandcoolinsummer.我们海滨城市夏天的天气很凉爽。二、代词作主语3ThisisallIwant.Nothingelse.这就是我想要的。没别的。Whoteachesyoufolkmusic？谁教你们民族音乐？ShehasalreadyleftChinaforChile.她已经离开中国去智利了。三、数词作主语Threeisenoughforeachofus.三个对于我们来说足够了。Fourandfivemakesnine.四加五等于九。四、名词化形容词和名词化分词作主语Thesickandtheoldneedourhelp.病人和老人需要我们的帮助。Thewoundedshouldbesenttohospitalatonce.伤员应立即送往医院。五、动词不定式或不定式短语作主语Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.要把一门外语学好不容易。Toplayfootballisveryinteresting.踢足球很有趣。六、动词ing形式及其短语作主语Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。Learningnewwordsisveryusefultome.学习生词对我很有用。七、从句作主语主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词what引导。1．that引导的主语从句(1)这是应用最广泛的主语从句，但是真正用于句首的很少，显得头重脚轻。Thatheisstillaliveisawonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。Thatweshallbelateiscertain.我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。Thatheshouldhaveignoredtheworkingclasswasnatural.他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。4Thatshebecameanartistmayhavebeenduetoherfather'sinfluence.她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。(2)为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。It'sunfairthatsomanypeopleshouldlosetheirjobs.竟有这么多人失业这是不公平的。It'samazingthatsheshouldhavesaidnothingaboutit.她竟未谈及此事令人惊讶。It'sunthinkablethattheyshoulddenymyrequest.他们竟然拒绝我的请求，这是不可思议的。2．whether引导的主语从句Whetheritwilldousharmremainstobeseen.是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。3．连接代词引导的主语从句Whoeversaysthatisaliar.说那话的人都是骗子。Whichever(ofyou)comesinfirstwillreceiveaprize.无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。4．连接副词引导的主语从句Whenwearrivedoesn'tmatter.我们什么时候到没有关系。Howitwasdonewasamystery.这是怎样做的是一个谜。WhereIspendmysummerholidayisnobusinessofyours.我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。5．关系代词what引导的主语从句Whatweneedismoney.我们需要的是钱。Whathesaysisnotimportant.他说的话并不重要。Whatmaketherivermorebeautifularethelotusplantsgrowinginthewater.为这条河增色的是水里的荷花。[应用落实]5Ⅰ.完成句子1．如果他不喜欢的话，没有人能40年来做好某件事。somethingfor40yearsifhedoesn'tloveit.2．山村里的每个人都很友好，无论你住在这儿时间长短都没关系。Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly；itdoesn'tmatterforashortoralongtime.3．如果我们不保护自然环境，我们将注定因此而受惩罚。Ifwecan'ttakecareofournaturalenvironment，we'llforit.4．一个人游泳是很危险的。isverydangerous.5．我们什么时候进行英语测试还没定。hasnotbeendecided.【答案】1.Nobodycanbegoodat2.whetheryouhavelivedthere3.bedoomedtogetpunishment4．Swimmingalone5.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtestⅡ.在空格中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空1．(play)footballinthestreetisdangerous.2．Itwouldbenice(see)himagain.3．The(disable)shouldnotbelookeddownupon.4．wasagreatsurprisetomewhenhedidathinglikethat.5．hewillbesentabroadornothasnotbeendecidedsofar.6．abooksellswelldependsonvariousfactors.7．Idon'tthinkthreedays(be)enoughforsuchatrip.8．His(express)toldmethathegotangrythen.【答案】1.Playing2.tosee3.disabled4.It5．Whether6.Whether/That7.is8.expression