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-1-Module4SandstormsinAsia近年来中国遭受严重的沙尘暴袭击，而中国也被认为是沙尘暴的来源之一。但中国经过努力在治沙尘方面取得了显著的效果。“MostofthesandstormsthatsweptChinalastyearcamefromforeignlands”，aChineseofficialinchargeofdesertificationcontrolsaidonMonday.Andtheinvasioncouldpartlyexplainthefrequentsandstormsinthecountryinrecentyearsdespiteitsachievementsindesertificationcontrol.Sincethestartoflastspring，thenorthernandnorthwesternChineseregionshadbeenhitby17sandstorms:ofwhichadozencamefromforeignlands.SituatedinthecentralAsiasandstormregion，oneoftheworld'sfourlargestsandstormsources，ChinaalsosuffersfromsandstormsfromtheoutsidecountrywhileitisalsoblamedasasandsourcetonortheastAsia.TheotherthreemajorsourcesareinAfrica，NorthAmericaandAustralia.Thelandsufferingfromdesertificationhasbeendecreasingby7，585squarekilometresannuallyinChina，andtheareaofsandylandhasalsobeenfallingby1，284squarekilometresayear.Theshrinkageformsaclearcontrasttothefactthatthelandsufferingfromdesertificationandthesandyfeaturewasaddedby10，400squarekilometersand3，436squarekilometerslatelastcentury.Atpresent，thedesertificationlandinChinamakesup2.64millionsquarekilometers，accountingfor27.46percentofthenation'sland，anditssandylandtotals1.74millionsquarekilometers，accountingfor18.1percentofthecountry'stotal.[阅读障碍词]1．invasionn．入侵2．despiteprep.尽管3．blamev．谴责-2-4．annuallyadv.一年一度地5．shrinkagen．收缩6．contrastn．对比[诱思导读]阅读短文，回答下列问题。1．Whataretheworld'sfourlargestsandstormsources?TheyarethecentralAsia，Africa，NorthAmericaandAustralia.2．WhatdoesthesandylandinChinaadduptoatpresent?Itaddsupto1.74millionsquarekilometres.SectionⅠWarmingUp，Pre-reading&ReadingⅠ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.frighteningA．n.战役；活动()2.maskB．n.进程；过程()3.massC．n.公民；市民()4.campaignD．n.沙尘；灰尘()5.processE．n.力量；力气()6.citizenF．vt.预报；预告()7.dustG．vi.骑自行车()8.forecastH．adj.吓人的；可怕的()9.strengthI．n.面罩()10.cycleJ．adj.大量的；大规模的【答案】1－5HIJAB6－10CDFEGⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A．砍倒B．由于……C．突然遭遇D．挖出E．一个接一个地F．阻止……做……1．Shecalledthemoneafteranotherbyname，butnooneanswered.2．Hewastotallyblindasaresultofthetrafficaccident.3．Allofthetreeswerecutdown，andnonewasleft.4．IwascaughtinaheavyrainlastSunday.5．Wedugupthetreebyitsroots.6．Furthertreatmentwillpreventcancerfromdeveloping.【答案】1－6EBACDF-3-SandstormsinAsiaSandstormshavebeenamajordisasterformanyAsiancountriesforcenturies.ScientistshavetriedmanywaystosolvethisproblemandinChina，amasscampaignhasbeenstartedtohelpsolveit.①亚洲的沙尘暴数个世纪以来，对很多亚洲国家来说沙尘暴一直是一个大灾难。科学家们尝试过很多办法解决这个问题，在中国，也发动了群众运动来对付沙尘暴。[助读讲解]①and为并列连词，句中的tosolvethisproblem和tohelpsolveit为不定式作目的状语。Sandstormsarestrong，drywindsthatcarrysand.Theyareoftensothickthatyoucannotseethesun②，andthewindissometimesstrongenoughtomovesanddunes(沙丘)．Thefourmainplacesintheworldwheretherearesandstorms③areCentralAsia，NorthAmerica，CentralAfricaandAustralia.RenJianbo，fromInnerMongoliadescribedaterriblesandstormheexperiencedasachildinthedesert④.“Tohavebeencaughtinasandstormwasaterribleexperience，”hesaid.“Therewasnothingtobedone.ItwasthemostfrighteningandthemostdangeroussituationI'veeverbeenin.Youjusthadtohopeyou'dsurvive.IthoughtIwasgoingtodisappearunderthesand.”沙尘暴是很强的携带沙子的干风。沙尘暴常常很浓密，以至于遮住了太阳，有时风力大的足以移动沙丘。世界上沙尘暴发生的四个主要地区是中亚、北美、非洲中部和澳大利亚。来自内蒙古的任建波描述了他小时候在沙漠里经历过的一次可怕的沙尘暴。他说：“遭遇沙尘暴是一次很可怕的经历。你什么也干不了。那是我遭遇过的最可怕、最危险的境况。你只希望你能幸存下来。我以为我将会被沙子淹没。”[助读讲解]②此处是so...that...引导的结果状语从句。③wheretherearesandstorms为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Thefourmainplaces，where在从句中作地点状语。④heexperiencedasachildinthedesert为省略引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词aterriblesandstorm。NorthwestChinaispartofthesandstormcentreinCentralAsia.Sandstormsbeginindesertareas.SandstormsinChinaappeartohaveincreasedinrecentyearsasaresultof“desertification”(沙漠化)．Thisisaprocessthathappenswhenlandbecomes-4-desert⑤becauseofclimatechangesandbecausepeoplecutdowntreesanddigupgrass.中国的西北部是中亚地区沙尘暴中心的一部分。沙尘暴发源于沙漠地区。因“荒漠化”越发严重，中国近年来发生沙尘暴的次数明显增加了。这(沙漠化)是一个由于气候变化和人类砍伐树木、铲除草皮而使陆地变为沙漠的过程。[助读讲解]⑤process后是that引导的定语从句，其中还包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。SandstormssometimesaffectBeijing.Citizenswakeuptoanorangeskyandstrongwindsthatcoverthecityinathick，brownyellowdust⑥.Thestormssometimescontinuealldayandtrafficmovesveryslowlybecausethethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee⑦.沙尘暴有时影响北京。居民醒来时，看到昏黄的天空，狂风夹着黄沙在城里肆虐。暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。[助读讲解]⑥thatcover...是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词strongwinds。⑦because引导原因状语从句，其中it为形式宾语，tosee为真正宾语。TheChineseCentralWeatherStationcanforecastasandstormsomeweeksbeforeitarrivesinBeijing，butthestrengthofthestormsometimessurprisespeople.Whenasandstormarrivesinthecity，weatherexpertsadvisepeoplenottogoout.HuangXiaomei，wholivesinBeijingsays，“Tobecyclinginasandstormisfrightening.Thewindsareverystrong.It'sdifficulttobreatheandthedustmakesmeill.⑧Soifyouwanttogoout，you'dbetterwearamask.”中国中央气象台能在沙尘暴到达北京几周前进行预报，但风力大得有时让人们吃惊。当沙尘暴到达这座城市时，气象专家建议人们不要外出。生活在北京的黄小梅说：“在沙尘暴中骑车真可怕。风力很大，呼吸困难，并且沙尘使人难受。所以如果你想出门，最好戴上口罩。”[助读讲解]⑧and连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中it为形式主语，tobreathe为真正的主语；第二个分句为“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补”形式。Thedesertisonly250kilometresawaytothewestofBeijing.Topreventitcomingnearer⑨，thegovernmentisplantingtrees.Alreadythegovernmenthasplantedmorethan30billiontreesandplanstocontinueplantingforthenextfiveyears.沙漠位于距北京西部仅250公里处。为阻止沙漠的逼近，政府正在植树。政府已经种了300多亿