-1-SectionⅢGrammar——倒装语境自主领悟先观察原句1.NearthehousewherePicassowasbornisamuseumfullofhisart.2.AuntreallyenjoyedFranceandsodidgrandmaandI.3.Itwasalotoffunbecauseinthedormitorywerelotsofpeoplefromdifferentplaces.4.Hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.5.Mayourfriendshipliveforever!6.OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.7.HadIbeeninformedearlier,Icouldhavedonesomething.8.Soeasyisitthatachildcanlearnit.9.Happyastheywere,therewassomethingmissing.10.Theretheygoes.后自主感悟1.完全倒装是谓语动词全部移到主语前(主语是代词时例外);部分倒装是只将谓语动词的一部分(如be动词、助动词或情态动词)放在主语前面,其余部分仍然在主语之后。上面例句中,例句1,3是完全倒装;例句2,4,5,6,7,8,9是部分倒装。2.因为主语they是代词,故例句10不使用倒装。3.例句6中only修饰状语且位于句首时,句子用倒装结构。4.例句9中as表示“虽然,尽管”时,引导的状语从句用倒装结构,这时as可用though代替。将谓语或谓语的一部分放到主语的前面,这种句式被称为倒装。倒装又可分为完全倒装和部分倒装。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前的称为完全倒装,也叫全部倒装;只将助动词、be动词或情态动词放到主语之前的称为部分倒装。1.完全倒装(1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等动词。ThencamethenewsthatMarkhadturnedup.-2-消息传来,马克找到了。(2)表示转移或方位的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语动词是表示动作的动词。Ontheleftsatherhusband.她左边坐着她的丈夫。[名师点津]如果主语是人称代词,即使把上述两类词置于句首,主谓也不倒装。Inhecameandthelessonbegan.他走进来开始上课。(3)代词such作表语置于句首,表示“这样的人”;“这样的物”,其后要用全部倒装,谓语动词和后面的主语一致。Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.这就是他给我讲的故事。(4)表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。Gonearethedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.妇女受歧视的日子一去不复返了。[即时演练1]用倒装形式完成下列句子①你要的书在这儿。Hereisthebookyouwant.②铃一响孩子们就冲了出去。Outrushedthechildrenassoonasthebellrang.③树下是一位老人和一群孩子。Underthetreeareanoldmanandagroupofchildren.④刘老师出席了会议,他教我们英语。PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Liu,whotaughtusEnglish.2.部分倒装(1)句首为否定或半否定词语,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil...,notonly...butalso,hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than等时,要用部分倒装。LittledidIdreamofseeingsuchwonderfulscenery.我做梦也没想到会看到这样美妙的景色。NevershallIdothisagain.我再也不会做这种事情了。NotonlycanhespeakEnglish,buthecanalsospeakJapanesefluently.他不但会讲英语,而且还能流利地讲日语。-3-(2)句首为so,neither,nor时,要用部分倒装。如果第一分句是肯定句,第二分句用so+倒装结构;如果第一分句是否定句,第二分句则用neither/nor+倒装结构。Heiscrazyaboutfootballandsoishisbrother.他对足球着迷,他弟弟也是。Idon'tknowwherehelives.Neitherdoesshe.我不知道他住哪儿。她也不知道。[名师点津]①当so引出的句子是用以对上文内容的证实或肯定,表示“的确如此”时,不可用倒装结构,其构成应为:so+上句的同一主语+情/助/系(动词)。②若表示一个人的两个或者两个以上的情况,也适用于另一个人,则要用句型:Soitis/waswithsb.或者Itis/wasthesamewithsb.。—Heworksveryhard.——他学习很努力。—Sohedoesandsodoyou.——他的确如此,你也是。—HewasborninShanghaiandbroughtupinBeijing.——他在上海出生,在北京长大。—ItwasthesamewithmyfriendLiPing.——我朋友李平也是。[即时演练2]句型转换①Wecangiveuphalfwayundernocircumstances.→Undernocircumstancescanwegiveuphalfway.②Hedidn'trealizethathehadwastedtoomuchofhistimeuntilhefailedasecondtime.→Notuntilhefailedasecondtimedidherealizethathehadwastedtoomuchofhistime.③Iwillnevercomebacktotheplace.→NeverwillIcomebacktotheplace.(3)句首为only+副词/介词短语/状语从句时,要用部分倒装。Onlythendidherealizetheimportanceofhisfamily.只有在那时他才意识到家人的重要性。Onlywhenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.直到他回来,我们才了解事情的真相。[名师点津]-4-“only+名词/代词”置于句首作主语时不倒装。[即时演练3]完成句子①只有这样我们才能按时完成任务。Onlyinthiswaycanwefinishthetaskontime.②只有在他失去这个机会时,他才意识到它的重要性。Onlywhenhelostthechancedidherealizetheimportanceofit.(4)as引导让步状语从句时,要部分倒装。as引导让步状语从句时必须将表语、状语或谓语提前,即把形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前。though引导让步状语从句时有时也可以倒装。Famousasheis,heiseasygoing.尽管他很有名气,但他很平易近人。MuchashelovesEnglish,hedoesn'tdowellinit.虽然非常喜欢英语,但他却没学好。[名师点津]①名词作表语放在句首时,不带冠词;②实义动词放在句首时,其他助动词放在主语后。TryasImight,Icouldnotliftthestone.我用尽力气,可还是举不起这块石头。(5)so/such...that句型中的so/such位于句首时,主句要部分倒装。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他说话的声音很大,甚至隔壁屋的人都能听见。SuchalovelytoydidhebuymethatIwasverythankfultohim.他给我买了这么可爱的一个玩具,我非常感激他。[即时演练4]单句语法填空①Strangeas/thoughitseems,itistrue.②SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.(6)在虚拟条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should时,可将if省略,把were,had,should移到主语之前,从句采用部分倒装结构。WereIyou,Iwouldn'thavesuchagoodchanceslip.如果我是你,我不会让这么好的一个机会溜走的。Hadyouattendedthegraduateceremony,Ishouldhaveseenyou.要是你参加了毕业典礼,我就会见到你了。[即时演练5]句型转换①Ifitshouldrain,we'llstayindoorsreadingbooks.-5-→Shoulditrain,we'llstayindoorsreadingbooks.②Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthefirstbus.→Hadyougotupearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthefirstbus.Ⅰ.将下列句子改为倒装句1.Hewasabletogetbacktoworkonlywhenthewarwasover.→Onlywhenthewarwasoverwasheabletogetbacktowork.2.Henotonlylikedreadingstoriesbutalsocouldevenwritesome.→Notonlydidhelikereadingstoriesbutalsohecouldevenwritesome.3.Theoldwomanlittleknewthatshewasseriouslyillherself.→Littledidtheoldwomanknowthatshewasseriouslyillherself.4.Hehadhardlysatdownwhenthetelephonerang.→Hardlyhadhesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.5.Thewomanwillneverforgetthedayin2016whenshefirstcametothecity.→Neverwillthewomanforgetthedayin2016whenshefirstcametothecity.6.Thestudentsreadsoloudlythatpeoplecouldhearthemoutinthestreet.→Soloudlydidthestudentsreadthatpeoplecouldhearthemoutinthestreet.7.Theanimalhardlymakesanymovementwhenitisinitshibernatingstate.→Hardlydoestheanimalmakeanymovementwhenitisinitshibernatingstate.8.Hewassofrightenedthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.→Sofrightenedwashethathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.9.Weseldomhearherreadingaloudbecausesheistooshy.→Seldomdowehearherreadingaloudbecausesheistooshy.10.Hedidn'tknowwhattheGreatWallwaslikeuntilhevisitedBeijing.→NotuntilhevisitedBeijin