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-1-SectionⅣLanguagepoints(Ⅱ)(Wordpower，Grammarandusage&Task)Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1．Heisfacedwithtwoalternatives(选择)：continuinghisstudiesorfindingajob.2．Hespenthischildhoodintheremote(遥远的)mountainarea.3．Unfortunately，theylostalltheirpossessions(财产)inthefire.4．Itseemedthatthemountainous(山一般的)waveswouldturntheshipover.5．Weshouldunitetofightpoverty(贫穷)anddisease.6．Thisisbynomeansagoodwaytomakealiving.7．Primitivemanmadetoolsfromsharpstonesandanimalbones.8．Wehaveobtainedpermissionfromthedirectorstousesomeofourfunds.9．Thesetroublesomethingshavemadehimrestless.10．Thewaitersgetgoodtipsoverandabovetheirwages．Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1．possessvt.拥有，具有→possessionn．个人财产；拥有，具有2．mountainn．山→mountainousadj.多山的3．containvt.容纳，包含→containern．容器，集装箱Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1．consistof由……组成2．aimtodosth.力争做某事3．evenif即使4．ifonly但愿；要是……就好了5．aheadof在……之前；领先6．breakdown出故障；抛锚7．befacedwith面临，面对8．bymeansof通过……方式-2-9．inneed需求10．thanksto幸亏Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1．IfonlyIhadasisterlikeyou!2．MybikebrokedownwhenIwenttoschool.3．Theclubconsistsofmorethan200members.4．Don'tgiveupwhenyouarefacedwithdifficulties.5．Eveniftherearemanychallengesinourdailylife，westillovercomethem.1．Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldmeaboutit.我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。[记句式结构]wouldrather后接从句，从句要用虚拟语气。[仿写促落实]Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldhimthenewsthatday.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。2．...itisclearthatUNICEFwouldnotbesopopularhaditnotdonesomuchforchildren.……很明显，如果联合国儿童基金会没有为孩子们做了这么多事情，它就不会如此地受欢迎。[记句式结构]itis＋adj.＋that...句型，其中it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。[仿写促落实]Itisveryimportantthateverybodykeepstherules.大家都遵守规则是很重要的。3．Thereislittlemoneycomingtotheirfamiliesandoftentheycannotafford...他们几乎没有什么家庭收入，时常买不起……[记句式结构]句中含有therebe句型，该句型中，现在分词短语作定语。[仿写促落实]Thereisaboyatthedoorwaitingforyou．门口有个小男孩在等着你。4．...andthereisoftenonlyoneteachertoteachallthechildreneventhough-3-theyareofdifferentages.……而且常常只有一位老师教不同年龄的所有孩子。[记句式结构]此处为“be＋of＋抽象名词”结构，表示一类人或事物。[仿写促落实]Hisopinionisconsideredtobeofgreatvalue．他的意见被认为很有价值。consistof由……组成/构成(教材P55)Itconsistsofthefirstlettersofeachwordofthename.它是由该名称的每个单词的首字母构成。(1)consistin在于；存在于consistwith与……一致；符合(2)consistentadj.一致的；始终如一的beconsistentwith和……一致；相符①Thetruewealthdoesnotconsistinwhatwehave，butinwhatweare.真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么，而在于我们是什么样的人。②Thatconsistswithourprinciple.那与我们的原则相一致。[名师点津]①consistof不用于进行时和被动语态，相当于bemadeupof或becomposedof。②consistin相当于liein。alternativeadj.可供替代的(教材P57)IfIhadtakenanalternativepathandstudiedmedicine，Iwouldknowalotofmedicalknowledge.如果我选择别的道路，去学医的话，我会了解很多的医学知识。(1)alternativen．可供选择的事物havenoalternativebuttodo除了……外别无选择(2)alternativelyadv.要不，或者，两者挑一地①Doyouhaveanalternativesolutiontotheproblem?你有别的办法来解决这一问题吗？②Wehavenoalternativebuttogo(go)on.除了继续下去，我们别无选择。-4-③Theagencywillmaketravelarrangementsforyou.Alternatively(alternative)，youcanorganizeyourowntransport.旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自行安排交通工具。ifonly但愿，要是……就好了；只要(教材P57)Ifonlythereweremorepeopledonatingmoneytocharities!要是能有更多的人为慈善机构捐款就好了！(1)ifonly...意为“要是……就好了”。主要用于虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。表示与现在相反的愿望用过去时；表示与过去相反的愿望用过去完成时；表示与将来相反的愿望用would/could/might＋do。(2)onlyif...意为“只有……才……”。only是副词，if引导的是条件状语从句；onlyif...放在句首，主句用倒装。①Iamsureyouwillsucceedifonlyyoutryhard.我确信，只要你努力，必定会成功。②Onlyifanother300，000yuanisavailablecanhebuythesmallhouse.只有再拿30万元，他才买得起那栋小房子。③IfonlyIhad(have)thechance!我要是有这次机会就好了！④Ifonlyshewouldmarry(marry)me!她要是能和我结婚该多好！possessionn．个人财产；拥有，具有Tosavehisdaughter，hecangiveupallhispossessions.为救女儿，他可以放弃他的所有财产。(1)inpossessionof占有，控制inthepossessionof被……占有，在……控制之下have/takepossessionof拥有，占有(2)possessvt.拥有；具有；支配bepossessedby被……拥有①Heisinpossessionofasmallcompany.＝Hetakespossessionofasmallcompany.他拥有一家小公司。②Hewasarrestedandchargedwithpossessing(possess)anoffensiveweapon.他被捕并被控拥有攻击性武器。meansn．手段，方法；财富，钱财(教材P59)Healthcareislimitedastherearenodoctorsornursesinthe-5-villages—noonehasthemeanstopaythem.医疗保健是非常有限的，因为在村子里没有医生和护士——谁都没钱付给他们。bymeansof用……；凭借……byallmeans可以，当然行；没问题bynomeans一点也不；绝不bythis/thatmeans用这/那种方法amanofmeans有钱人livebeyondone'smeans入不敷出livewithinone'smeans量入为出①Allmeanshavebeentried.一切办法都试过了②Peopleshouldpayaccordingtotheirmeans.人们应该按照各自的负担能力来消费。③Sheisbynomeanspoor：infact，she'squiterich.她可不穷，其实她很富。④Trytolivewithinyourmeans.要尽可能量入为出。[名师点津]①作为“方法，手段”，means单复数相同。当means由every/each/any/a修饰作主语时，谓语动词用单数；当means由these/those/all修饰作主语时，谓语动词用复数。②作为“财富，钱财”，means是复数名词。obtainvt.(尤指经努力)获得；获取(教材P59)Thetreesaroundthevillagesaregone，sopeoplehavetowalkfurtherandfurtherawaytoobtainwoodforcookingandheating.村庄周围的树木都消失了，所以人们不得不走越来越远的路以获得做饭和取暖的木材。(1)obtainsth.bydoingsth.通过做某事获取某物obtainsth.fromsb./sth.从某人/物获得某物(2)obtainableadj.可获得的；可得到的①Heobtainedadriver'slicenseafterthreemonthtraining.培训三个月之后，他获得了驾照。②DetailscanbeobtainedfromtheDepartmentofEducation.可以从教育部获知详情。breakdown出故障；抛锚；(计划)失败，谈判破裂；分解(教材P59)However，ifthepumpbreaksdown，repairingitcanbetroublesome，as-6-anengineerhastocomefromthenearesttowntorepairit.然而，如果水泵坏了，修理它可能会很麻烦，因为必须找住得最近的工程师来修理。①Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.昨晚与商界领导人的谈判破裂了。②Abigfirebrokeoutlastnight，butluckily，allthepeopleescaped.昨晚爆发了一场大火，但幸运的是，所有人都逃出来了。③Thefamoussingerbrokethroughthecrowdandwentintothehall.那位著名的歌手挤过了人群进入了大厅。(教材P56)Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldmeaboutit