2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 Music Section Ⅲ Grammar——

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-1-SectionⅢGrammar——时间状语从句与过去完成时语境自主领悟先观察原句①Helearnedtoplaytheharpsichordwhenhewasfour,hestartedcomposingmusicwhenhewasfive,andwhenhewassix,heplayedtheharpsichordinaconcertfortheEmpressofAustria.②Bythetimehewas14,Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord,pianoandviolin,aswellasfororchestras.③Whilehewasstillateenager,MozartwasalreadyabigstarandtouredEuropegivingconcerts.④Heshowedmusicaltalentwhenhewasveryyoung,andlearnedtoplaytheviolinandpianofromhisfather,whowasasinger.⑤Aftertheyhadknowneachotherformanyyears,Beethovensaid,“Heisagoodcomposer,buthehastaughtmenothing.”⑥Ashegrewolder,hebegantogodeaf.后自主感悟1.以上例句中都包含一个时间状语从句。2.以上例句中都包含了一般过去时或过去完成时。3.例①③④中,when和while都表示“当……时候”,例⑥中,as表示“随着”。4.例②⑤中,bythetime和after引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时。一、时间状语从句时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间,由连词引导,在这里主要学习when,while,as引导的时间状语从句。1.when引导的时间状语从句when引导时间状语从句时可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用,主句和从句中的动作或事情可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。Whentheyheardthebadnews,theywereverysurprised.当他们听到那个坏消息时,他们非常惊讶。WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Isawsomeoldfriends.-2-当我沿着那条街走时,我看到了一些老朋友。[名师点津]when可用作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于:(1)was/weredoingsth.when...正在做……这时……(2)beabouttodosth./onthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做……这时……(3)had(not)justdonesth.when...刚做完……这时……IwaswatchingTVwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.我正在看电视,这时突然有人敲门。Iwasabouttogotobedwhenhecalledmeup.我正要上床睡觉的时候,他打电话来了。2.while引导的时间状语从句while引导时间状语从句时,意为“当……的时候”,从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或相互对应。Whilethechildwasplayingwithhistoys,hisparentswerewatchingTV.当那个孩子玩玩具时,他父母在看电视。[名师点津](1)while引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然,尽管”,通常放在句首。Whileheisyoung,hehasbeentomanycountries.虽然他很年轻,但是他去过很多国家。(2)while引导并列句,意为“而,然而”,通常位于句中。Ilikeplayingfootballwhilemybrotherlikeslisteningtomusic.我喜欢踢足球而我哥哥喜欢听音乐。3.as引导的时间状语从句as引导时间状语从句时,常表示两个动作同时发生,常译作“一边……一边……;随着”。Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.随着人口平均年龄的增加,有越来越多的老人需要照顾。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他匆忙回家去,一边走一边回头望。[即时演练1]用适当的连词填空①It'sgoodtoknowthatthedogswillbewellcaredforwhen/whilewe'reaway.②Itwasthemiddleofthenightwhenmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.③Asyougrowolder,you'llknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself.-3-二、过去完成时1.过去完成时的用法(1)表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生的动作,通常简称为“过去的过去”。句中常有by,bytheendof等介词(短语)和bythetime,before,when,until等引导的状语从句。—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'shouse?——你们找到安的家有困难吗?—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.——算不上难。她已经给了我们她家的具体的位置,我们能够容易地找到它。Bytheendof2017,hehadcollectedmorethanathousandforeignstamps.到2017年底,他已经收集了1000多枚外国邮票。(2)过去完成时表示发生在过去某个动作或时刻之前的动作一直延续到过去的另一个时间,常与for,since等词连用。Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame.我在车站等了20分钟才来了辆公交车。2.过去完成时在几个重点句型中的应用(1)在nosooner...than,hardly...when句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。意为“一……就;刚……就”。Ihadhardlysteppedintotheclassroomwhenthebellrang.我一踏入教室的门,铃就响了。NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.我刚到家就开始下雨了。(2)在“Itwasthefirst/second/...timethat...”句型中,that从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadchattedonlineinEnglish.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。(3)Itwas+一段时间+since从句(从句用过去完成时)ItwasatleastthreemonthssinceIhadleftBeijing.我离开北京至少有3个月了。(4)主句(过去完成时)+bythetime+表示过去的从句BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadygone.我到车站时,火车已经开走了。(5)表示“意愿、打算”的动词如hope,mean,want,think,expect,plan,intend等的过去完成时表示“原本……(但事实上并没有……)”之意。-4-Ihadhopedtobebacklastnight,butIdidn'tcatchthetrain.我本来希望昨晚回来的,但我没赶上火车。3.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别(1)一般过去时表示在过去的时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”,当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时,常用过去完成时态。Theyhadarrivedattherailwaystationbyteno'clockyesterday.昨天10点之前,他们已经到了火车站。Theyarrivedattherailwaystationatteno'clockyesterday.他们昨天10点到了火车站。(2)一般过去时与过去完成时都可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用,但侧重点有所不同。WehadlearnedtwoEnglishsongsbytheendoflastweek.到上个星期为止,我们已经学了两首英文歌曲。WelearnedtwoEnglishsongslastweek.上个星期我们学了两首英文歌曲。[即时演练2]单句语法填空①SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturned(return)thebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn't.②HeisaprofessorofShandongUniversity.Hestayed(stay)inAmericafor4years.③—Didyouhavetodomuchforthedinnerparty?—Helenhadfinished(finish)everythingbythetimeIgothome.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Itwasthesecondtimethathehadrushed(rush)outoftheclassroomwithoutpermission.2.IwasveryhappytoseeJaneagainyesterday.Wehadn'tseen(notsee)eachotherforsixyears.3.We'llgotothecountryatthebeginningofJunewhenthesummerharveststarts.4.—Hurryup!Yourclassmatesarewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughttheyhadgone(go)withoutme.-5-5.Asshegrewoldershegainedinconfidence.6.Bytheendoflastterm,morethan3,000Englishwordshadbeenlearnt(learn)byus.7.Itwasreallyannoying;Icouldn'tgetaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended(recommend).8.HeisdoingsomewashingwhileIamdoingmyhomework.9.Wehadhoped(hope)thatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.10.Susancametothepartyyesterday,butitwasalreadyhalfpasteightwhensheturnedup.Ⅱ.单句改错1.WhenIhadlivedinthecountryside,Iusedtoplayinthewoods.去掉had2.—Whydidn'tTomattendthemeetingyesterday?—HehasgonetoBeijing.has→had3.Idon'twanttogotothecinema,forIhadseenthatfilmalready.had→have4.ItwastheworsthotelthatIhaveeverstayedin.have→had5.Iplannedtogiveyoubackyourdictionary,butIwastoobusythen.planned前加had6.Whiletimegoesby,wewillbeolderandolder.While→As7.Hewasdoinghishomeworkwhilehisfri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