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-1-SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageⅠ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Hesattheresilently，withhisheadburied(掩埋)inhishands.2．Anunexpectedstormoccurred(发生)whenwewereenjoyingthepleasantvoyageattheYellowSea.3．Weboughtsomefurniture(家具)togowiththenewhouse.4．Althoughheisyoung，heisanexperienced(有经验的)Englishteacher.5．Itwasthedriver'sdrunkdrivingthatcaused(引起)theaccident.6．TheviolentearthquakeinCaliforniain1906caused500deaths.7．Peoplestandingunderatreeinathunderstormarelikelytobestruckbylightning.8．Onemillionandfivehundredthousandpeoplediedinnaturaldisastersbetween2000and2016.9．Asfarasweknow，ahurricaneislikelytocomeinthenearfuture.10．Theexplosionsentacolumnofsmokethousandsoffeetintotheair.Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．experiencevt.经历→experiencedadj.有经验的2．furnishvt.为……配备家具；装备→furnishedadj.配备了家具的→furnituren．家具3．buryvt.埋葬→burialn．埋葬；葬礼4．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violencen．暴力；暴行→violentlyadv.粗暴地；强烈地5．waven．波浪→wavyadj.波浪形的[寻规律、巧记忆]“发生”词汇大全“打；击”动词全扫描-2-occurvi.(偶然)发生happenvi.(偶然)发生takeplace(计划等)发生breakout(灾害等)爆发strike打；击beat敲打hit击中knock打；敲Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1．pickup卷起；掀起2．takeoff脱下，摘下3．onaverage平均起来4．ofalltime有史以来5．beexperiencedat/in做某事有经验6．endup结果为……，以……结束Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Onaverage，howmuchcanyougeteverymonthin2019?2．Ifyoucontinuetosteal，you'llendupinprison.3．HehasneverstudiedJapanese；whatheknowsiswhathepickedupwhilelivinginJapan.4．Takeoffyourclothes；they'reverywet.5．Whatistheworstdisasterofalltimeinyouropinion?[寻规律、巧记忆]动词＋up→动词短语常考的time短语pickup卷起；(用车)接某人makeup构成；编造putup修建；张贴setup建立；创立takeup从事；占据allthetime一直atatime一次，每次atonetime曾经，一度fromtimetotime有时haveagoodtime玩得高兴背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Theycandestroyhouses，butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，表示“让……处于某种状他们一起离开了，让我独自一人坐在那里。Theywentofftogetherand-3-它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。态”。leftmesittingtherealone.2.Onaverage，thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear，causingabout80deathsand1，500injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。现在分词短语causingabout80deathsand1，500injuries作结果状语。大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。Thefirelastednearlyamonth，leavingnothingvaluable.3.Bythetimeitended，morethan700peoplehadbeenkilledand2700hadbeeninjured.等到风停时，已有700多人死亡，2700多人受伤。bythetime“到……为止”，此处相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。当消防车到达的时候，火已经被居民们扑灭了。Bythetimethefireenginearrived，thefirehadbeenputoutbytheinhabitants.experiencen．经验；经历vt.经历；体验(教材P21)Haveyoueverexperiencedaflood?你曾经经历过洪灾吗？(1)haveexperienceinsth.在……方面有经验from/byexperience凭经验；从经验中(得出)(2)experiencedadj.有经验的，熟练的beexperiencedin在……方面有经验①Theprofessorreferredtohisexperiencesabroadwhenhegaveusatalk.这位教授在给我们作报告时谈到了他在国外的经历。②OurEnglishteacherhasmuchexperienceinteaching.我们的英语老师有丰富的教学经验。③Sheisveryexperienced(experience)inlookingafterchildren.在照看孩子方面她很有经验。[名师点津]experience常出现在语法填空中。作名词用时，表“经验”时，是不可数名词；表“经-4-历”时，是可数名词。作动词用时意为“体验，经历”，是及物动词。causen．原因，起因；事业vt.引起；导致(教材P21)Doyouknowanythingabouttheevents?Forexample，whatcausesthem?你知道有关这些事件的事情吗？比方说，什么引起了它们？(1)thecauseof...……的原因causeandeffect因果关系(2)causesb.sth.给某人带来某事causesb./sth.todosth.导致某人/某物做……①Ihopethechildrenhaven'tcausedyoutoomuchtrouble.我希望孩子们没有给你招来太多的麻烦。②Whatcausedhimtochange(change)hismind?是什么使他改变了主意？[名师点津]cause指使某事发生的原因，常与of连用。而reason解释做某事的原因，常与for连用，后也可接why引导的定语从句。(cause/reason)③Thereasonforhisdrivingsofastwasthathewouldattendanimportantmeeting.④Asisoftenthecase，carelessnessisoftenthecauseoffailure.occurvi.发生，出现；想起(教材P23)AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS，intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国东南部德克萨斯州到北部南达科塔州一带地区。sth.occurstosb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到……Itoccurstosb.that.../todosth....某人突然想起……①Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideasthatoccurredtohim.爱默生总是把他突然想到的新想法记下来。②Itneveroccurredtohertoask(ask)foranyonewhenshewasintrouble.当她遇到困难时从未想到求助他人。③Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.-5-他突然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。pickup卷起，掀起；拾起，捡起；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；恢复(健康)(教材P23)Tornadoescanpickupcars，trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet—oreveninthenexttown.龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子，把它们卷到旁边的街道——甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。写出下列句中pickup的含义①TheYoungPioneerturnedovertothepolicethewalletthathehadpickedupinthestreet.拾起；捡起②WedrovetotheairportthenextmorningtopickupSusan.用车接某人③IfyouliveinParis，IamsureyouwillpickupFrencheasily.学会④BusinesshasbeenverypoorbuttheyexpectittopickupagainbeforeChristmas.好转⑤Itisnecessarytouseashortwaveradiotopickuptheprogrammes.收听pickout挑选；分辨出；领会⑥Thetwinsweresomuchalike；IcouldhardlypickoutTom.那对双胞胎如此相似，我几乎不能认出汤姆。takeoff去掉；脱掉；起飞；休假；开始成功/走红(教材P23)Theycantakethefuroffthebackofacatandthefeathersoffachicken.它们能卷走猫背的皮毛和鸡身上的羽毛。写出下列句中takeoff的含义①Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.起飞②HersingingcareerbegantotakeoffafterattendingSingeronHunanTVin2018.开始成功③It'stoohot.You'dbettertakeoffyourcoat.脱掉④Hismotherwasseriouslyill，sohehadtotakeadayofftolookafterher.请假takeup占去，占据(时间、地位等)takedown记下takein吸收；理解；欺骗takeon呈现；雇佣takeover接管，接任⑤I'msorrytohavetakenupsomuchofyourvaluabletime.-6-我很抱歉占了你这么多宝贵的时间。on(an/the)average平均起来(教材P23)Onaverage，thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear，causingabout80deathsand1，500injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。anaverageof平均为withthe/anaverageof平均为above/below(the)average高于/低于平均数①Parentsspendanaverageof$200ayearontoys