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-1-SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageⅠ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Thetwocontinentswereconnectedbyamass(块)oflandatonetime.2．Therainfall(降水量)averages36inchesayear.3．Whenyouleftourspace，youweren'tinafitstate(状态)．4．Themanagerfailedtoseethecommercial(商业的)valueofhisdiscovery.5．Severalfactorshadcombinedtoruinhiscompany.Thenhefellintoextreme(极度的)difficulties.6．Theydiscussedhowtopromotecooperationbetweenthetwocountries.7．Nobodyknowswhatthedepthofthelakeis.8．ChristopherColumbusisoneofthemostfamousexplorerinhistory.9．Howlongcanyoubalanceononeleg?10．Christmasisanannualfestivalformostofthewesterncountries.Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．explorev．探险；勘探→explorern．探险者→explorationn．探险；勘探2．deepadj.深的→depthn．深度→deepenv．加深；深化3．extremeadj.极端的，极度的→extremelyadv.极端地4．balancevt.使平衡→balancedadj.平衡的5．promotevt.促进，增进→promotionn．晋级，增进[寻规律、巧记忆]adj.＋(e)n→v.v.＋(t)ion→n.wide→widen拓宽quick→quicken加快dark→darken变暗pollute→pollution污染collect→collection收藏operate→operation操作，手术Ⅲ.补全短语-2-根据提示补全下列短语1．closeto靠近；接近；几乎2．onaverage平均3．adaptto(使)适应4．bemadeupof由……组成5．standout引人注目；突出；显眼6．setfooton进入，到达；踏上7．inparticular尤其8．ina(n)．..state处于……状态Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1．WhenwemovedtoFrance，thechildrenadaptedtothechangeveryquickly.2．Whowasthefirstpersontosetfootonthemoon?3．Thestarreceivedmorethan100lettersperweekonaverage．4．Shelovesoutdooractivitiesinparticular，soshegoeshikingeverysummer.5．YaoMingisverytall，sohestandsoutinthecrowd.[寻规律、巧记忆]“由……组成”短语一览“on＋n.”短语集锦bemadeupofbecomposedofconsistofonaverage平均onpurpose故意onduty值日，值班背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Withannualrainfallclosetozero,Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。with复合结构。因为没有东西长在这片土地上，它最终成了一片沙漠。Withnothinggrowingontheland,itfinallybecameadesert.2.Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle,butheneversawland.notuntil置于句首引起的部分倒装。直到他女儿给他打电话，史密斯先生才相信那个消息是真的。NotuntilhisdaughtercalledhimdidMr.Smithbelievethatthenewswastrue.-3-直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。adaptto(使)适应(教材P2)YetAntarcticaisfullofwildlife，whichhasadaptedtoitsextremeconditions.但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。(1)adaptv．(使)适应；改编；改写adaptoneselftosth.使某人自己适应某事adapt...for...把……改编为……adapt...from...根据……改编/改写……(2)adaptionn.适应；改写本adaptableadj.能适应的；可修改的①Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.她很快地适应了这种新气候。②Thisfilmwasadapted(adapt)fromanovelwrittenbyafamouswriter.这部电影是根据一位著名作家写的一部小说改编的。③Theauthorisgoingtoadapthisplayfortelevision.作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。[名师点津]adopt与adapt形似，但adopt意为“采纳，采用；收养”。trapvt.储存，留存；使陷入困境；设圈套n．圈套；陷阱；困境(教材P2)Gasesandminerals，intheformofvolcanicdusttrappedintheice，cantellusalotaboutwhattheworld'sclimatewaslikeinpastages.这些以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。(1)lay/setatrap设圈套-4-fallintoatrap落入圈套(2)betrappedin陷入(困境)(3)trapsb.into(doing)sth.设圈套诱使某人做某事①Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。②Thetwomentrapped(trap)intheburningcarwereindanger.被困在着火的车里的那两个人有危险。③Iwastrappedintotelling(tell)thepoliceallIknew.我中计了，把所知道的一切全都告诉了警察。massn．块，堆，团；大量adj.大量的，大规模的(经典例句)Thenitcooledandturnedintoasolidmass.然后，它冷却下来，变成一团固体。massmedia/production大众媒体/大规模生产amassof/massesof许多的，大量的themasses群众；大众①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Inaddition，mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.此外，大多数报纸上也几乎没有吸引大众读者的东西。②Settingtowork,Iburiedmyselfunderamassofpapers.我着手工作，埋头于一大堆文件之中。③Dividedfromthemasses(mass),youaresuretofail.脱离群众，你肯定要失败。[名师点津]amassof/massesof后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，且谓语动词与该名词的单复数保持一致。④Therewereamassof/massesofpeopleintheshopyesterday.昨天这个商店里人如潮涌。balancevt.使平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡(教材P3)ButmorethantwothousandyearsagoGreekgeographersbelievedthattherewasalargelandmassinthesouthwhichbalancedthelandinthenorth.但是两千多年以前，古希腊的地理学家就相信地球南边会存在一大块陆地来与北边的陆地保持平衡。(1)keepnature'sbalance保持自然界的平衡keepone'sbalance保持平衡-5-loseone'sbalance失去平衡(2)balanceagainst...与……进行权衡balancesth.onsth.通过某物使某物保持平衡(3)balancedadj.平稳的，安定的，和谐的keepabalanceddiet保持均衡的饮食①Thegirllostherbalanceandfelloffthebalancebeam.小女孩失去了平衡，从平衡木上摔了下来。②Weshouldhaveahealthyandbalanced(balance)diet.我们应该有健康和均衡的饮食。③Youhavetobalancetheadvantagesoflivinginabigcityagainstthedisadvantages.你必须权衡住在大城市的利与弊。setfooton进入，到达(教材P3)Thenin1895，aNorwegiancalledCarstensBorchgrevinkbecamethefirstmantosetfootontheAntarcticmainland.后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。setfootin进入onfoot步行standonone'sownfeet自立；独立自主risetoone'sfeet站起身struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来①FromthesecondIsetfootintheofficeIknewIwantedtoworkthere.从我迈入办公室的那一刻开始，我就知道自己想在那里工作。②Thoughhewasbadlywounded，hestruggledtohisfeetandwentonrunning.虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站起来继续往前跑。③Hisparentswishedhimtostandonhisowntwofeet(foot)．他父母希望他能够独立。promotevt.促进，增进；促销，推销；提升，晋升(教材P3)Inparticular，itaimstokeepAntarcticafreefromnucleartestsandradioactivewaste；topromoteinternationalscientificprojects；andtoendargumentsaboutwhoownstheland.该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且终止那些关于这片土地所有权的争论。写出下列句中promote的含义-6-①Heworkedhardandsoonwaspromoted.提升，晋升②Advertisingcompaniesarealwayshavingtothinkupnewwaystopromoteproducts.促销，推销③Asisknowntousall，milkpromoteshealth.促进，增进(1)promotesb.to...提升某人为……bepromotedto...被提升为……(2)promotionn.提升；促进；晋升；促销getpromotion晋升④Theyoungarmyofficerwaspromotedtotherankofcaptain.这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。⑤Ifyo