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1Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词——省时高效Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)1.meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的3.easygoingadj.随和的；温和宽容的4.selflessadj.无私的；忘我的5.republicn.共和国；共和政体6.principlen.法则；原则；原理7.mankindn.人类8.leapn.飞跃；跳跃9.warmheartedadj.热心肠的10.livelihoodn.生计；谋生11.quoten.引用语；语录12.releasevt.释放；发行13.terrorn.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)1.qualityn.质量；品质；性质2.legaladj.法律的；依照法律的3.foundvt.建立；建设4.hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的5.youthn.青年；青年时期6.stagen.舞台；阶段；时期7.votevt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决8.attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击9.willingadj.乐意的；自愿的10.unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的11.escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露12.begvi.请求；乞求13.relativen.亲戚；亲属14.rewardn.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏15.sentencevt.判决；宣判16.presidentn.总统；会长；校长；行长17.opinionn.意见；看法；主张Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)1.activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activelyadv.积极地；活跃地→activityn．活动2.devotevt.献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚3.peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的[语境活用]1.Hegotalittleeducationbecauseofpoverty,sohealwayseducateshischildrentovaluethechanceofstudy.(educate)2.Kenyaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeacein2→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平静；和睦4.guidancen．指导；领导→guidevt.带领；引导n．向导5.violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地6.equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同样地；相等地；公平地7.educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家8.crueltyn．残忍；残酷→crueladj.残忍的；残酷的Africa.(peace)3.Hedevotedhislifetohiswork,andhisdevotiontohisjobisadmiredbyeveryone,includingsomeofhisdevotedfriends.(devote)4.Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5.Hecriticizedthegovernmentviolentlyforhavingdonelittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)(二)练中记短语——记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.out_of_work失业2.as_a_matter_of_fact事实上3.blow_up使充气；爆炸4.in_trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5.turn_to求助于；致力于6.lose_heart丧失勇气或信心7.come_to_power当权；上台8.set_up设立；建立9.be_sentenced_to被判处……(徒刑)10.be_willing_to_do愿意做某事11.be_in_prison蹲监狱12.in_one's_opinion/view在某人看来1.Becausehehasbeenout_of_workformonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.2.Withnoonetoturn_toinsuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.3.Itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved,buthewillneverlose_heart.4.Mostpeoplethinkthatthingshavechangedforthebettersincethenewgovernmentcame_to_power.5.Heset_uphisownbusinessafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.6.Iknewwewerein_troublewhentheelevatorstopped.7.In_my_opinion/view,_itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.8.As_a_matter_of_fact,_thenewsthathetoldme3yesterdayistrue.(三)仿写明句式——以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress...过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步……主语是时间或地点名词，谓语是see,find等动词，表示经历或目睹了某事。在过去的二十年里，我的家乡见证了巨大的变化。My_hometown_has_seengreatchangestakingplaceinthepast20years.2....onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)只有你来中国的时候你才能体验中国的饮食文化。Only_when_you_come_to_China_can_you_experienceChinesefoodculture.3.Theywerenotclevererthanme,buttheydidpasstheirexams.did/do/does的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时(2016·浙江高考书面表达)有了勇气和毅力，我确实进步很快。Withbraveryandperseverance,I4他们并不比我更聪明，却通过了考试。的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。did_make_rapid_progress.4.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。thefirsttime“第一次……”，引导时间状语从句。第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了充分准备。The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_weallfeltverydepressed,becausewehadallbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.二、课堂重点深化1．devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于[自主体验]单句语法填空①Oncemarried,Jodevotedherwholelifetolookingafterchildrenandbeingafulltimehomemaker.②Societyevenpraises“burningthecandleatbothends”asasignofourdevotion(devote)toworkandfamily.句式升级Theyoungladydevotesherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,soshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(用分词作状语)③Devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(devote)④Devoted_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(devoted)[系统归纳](1)devoteoneselfto献身；致力于；专心于devote...to...把……用于……；把……献给……(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto深爱；致力于；专心于(3)devotionn.关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚[重点强化]易错处处防5⑤Hedevotedtocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.devoted后加himself佳句时时写⑥首先，我将尽一切努力照顾好我的家庭，特别是我年迈的祖父，因为他把一生中的大部分时间都用来养育两代人。Tobeginwith,Iwillmakeeveryefforttotakegoodcareofmyfamily,especiallymyagedgrandfatherbecausehehas_devoted_most_of_his_life_to_bringing_uptwogenerations.[联想发散]devote...to...中的“to”是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。类似短语有：adapt...to...使适应adjust...to...调节……以适应addict...to...使……对……上瘾apply...to...把……应用于……attach...to...把……附在……上2．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上[自主体验]单句语法填空①Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.②Nooneequalshimincourage,aboutwhicheveryoneknows.③Heisfondoftalkingwithusequally(equal)andneverforcesustostudy.[系统归纳](1)beequaltosth.等于/胜任某事equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(2)equalityn.平等；相等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地[重点强化]易错处处防④Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbeequalrespected.equal→equally6佳句时时写⑤其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.[联想发散]表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor3．escapev．&n