2019年高中英语 Module 6 War and Peace Section Ⅰ Introdu

1Module6WarandPeaceOnJune6,1944,allied(联盟的)troopsfromdifferentcountriesinvadedNormandy,FrancetoNaziGermanyinWorldWarⅡ.Thisisconsideredoneofthemostimportanteventsintheworld.HerearesomefactsaboutD­Daythatyoushouldknow,thefirstdayoftheinvasionofNormandyduringWorldWarⅡ.TheinvasionofnorthwestEuropewascalledOperationOverlord.ThelandingoperationswerecalledOperationNeptuneandtheactualdayofthelandingswasreferredtoasD­Day.Inpreparationfortheinvasion,theactualdayofthelandingswasnotknowninadvancebecauseitdependedontheweatherconditions.Infact,D­DaywasoriginallyscheduledforJune5atthattime,buttheweatherconditionswereunsuitableforalanding.ThustheoperationwaspushedbacktoJune6,1944.Over150,000soldierswereinvolved.TheymainlycamefromtheUnitedStates,theUK,France,NorwayandCanada.Thelandingoperationhadtwoparts.First,morethan20,000soldierswouldbeparachuted(伞降)intoNormandy,andthenwouldlandfromships.About5,000shipsandmorethan10,000planeswereused.Surprisewaskeytothesuccessoftheattack.Theweatherhelpedhidetheinvasion,asdidmissionscalledOperationGlimmerandOperationTaxabletomaketheGermansbelievethatthelandingwasgoingtotakeplaceatdifferentbeaches.OperationNeptunebeganonJune6,1944(D­Day)andendedonJune30,1944.Itwasasuccess.TherewerefivekeybeachesalongtheNormandy'scoastline.Thetroopsgavethesebeachesnames:Utah,Omaha,Gold,JunoandSword.Theforcestookcontrolofthefivekeybeaches,allowingmajorinvasionforcetobelanded.PariswasfreedfromNazicontrolonAugust25,1944.ThefightingonOmahabeachwasthefiercestandmanytroopslosttheirlivesastheytriedtooccupythebeaches.Section_ⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­reading[原文呈现]TheD­DayLandings—Passage1InSeptember1939,Britaindeclaredwaron①GermanyafterGermanyinvaded②Poland.Thewar,whichlasted③until1945④，isknownas⑤theSecondWorldWar.Duringthewar,Germanyoccupied⑥manycountries,includingFrance.Themost2importantbattleofthewarinEuropewasOperation⑦Overlord,themilitaryoperationin1944toinvadeFrance.OperationOverlordstartedwhenboatsfullof⑧soldierslandedonthebeaches⑨ofNormandyinFrance,knownastheD­Daylandings.Morethan5,000shipscrossedtheEnglishChannel,carrying130,000troops⑩totheFrenchcoast⑪.[读文清障]①declarewaron向……宣战②invade/In'veId/v.入侵，侵略③last/lɑːst/v.持续④which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰thewar。⑤beknownas作为……而闻名beknownfor因为……而闻名beknownto为……所熟知⑥occupy/'ɒkjʊpaI/v.占领beoccupiedindoing/with忙于做/从事……⑦operation/ˌɒpə'reIʃn/n.行动themilitaryoperation军事行动⑧fullof装满，是形容词短语作后置定语。⑨beach/biːtʃ/n.海滩⑩troop/truːp/n.部队；士兵⑪现在分词短语作伴随状语。D日登陆——文章11939年9月，英国在德国入侵波兰后向德国宣战。这场持续到1945年的战争就是著名的第二次世界大战。二战中，德国侵占了包括法国在内的许多国家。1944年进军法国的“霸王行动”是第二次世界大战中欧洲战场最重要的军事战役。“霸王行动”开始于D日登陆。当日，满载盟军士兵的战船在法国诺曼底海滩登陆。5000多艘战船装载着13万人的军队穿越英吉利海峡抵达法国海岸。TroopsfromtheUnitedStates,BritainandCanadatookpartin⑫theD­Daylandings.Theoperationwasextremely⑬dangerousandmanysoldierswerekilledbeforetheyevengotofftheboats.Americansoldiersattempted⑭tolandatthemostdangerousplace,knownasOmahaBeach.ThesituationatOmahaBeachwassobadthat⑮theUSarmycommanders⑯thoughtaboutabandoning⑰theinvasion.Eventually⑱，thesoldiersmadeabreakthrough⑲andtheD­Daylandingsweresuccessful.ItwasthebeginningoftheendoftheSecond3WorldWar.OperationOverlordstartedasastoryofdangerandconfusion⑳andendedasastoryofbraveryandactsofheroism○21.⑫takepartin参加playa/an...partin在……中起……作用⑬extremelyadv.极其，很⑭attempttodosth.企图/试图做某事makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.企图/试图做某事⑮so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。⑯commander/kə'mɑːndə/n.指挥官⑰abandon/ə'bændən/v.放弃，抛弃⑱eventually/I'ventʃuəli/adv.最后，最终⑲makeabreakthrough取得重大突破(进展)⑳confusionn．混乱inconfusion迷惑地○21heroism/'herəʊˌIzn.英雄主义，英雄气概来自美国、英国和加拿大的军队参加了D日登陆。这次登陆行动异常危险，很多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就牺牲了。美军士兵试图在最危险的奥马哈海滩登陆。奥马哈海滩的形势非常严峻，以至于美军指挥官都考虑放弃进攻了。最后，登陆战士取得了突破，D日登陆得以告捷。D日登陆是二战结束的前奏。,“霸王行动”以惊险和混乱开始，以英勇和无畏结束。TheD­DayLandings—Passage2ThesoldiersofAbleCompanycrossedtheEnglishChannelinsevenboatsearlyonthemorningof6June1944.Whentheywereabout5kilometresfromthebeach,theGermansstartedfiringartillery○22shells○23at○24thembuttheboatsweretoofaraway.TheGermanscontinuedfiringandBoat5washitonekilometrefromthebeach.Sixmendrowned○25beforehelparrived.Twentymenfellinto○26thewaterandwerepickedup○27byotherboats.Asaresult○28，theymissedthefightingonthebeach.Theywerelucky.Iftheyhadreachedthebeach,theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled○29.WhenBoat3wasafewmetresfromthebeach,thesoldiersjumpedout,butthewaterwassodeep○30thatsomeofthemdisappearedunderthewater.Manyofthemenwereeitherkilledor○31wounded○32bymachinegunfire.○22artillery/ɑː'tIləri/n.大炮○23shell/ʃel/n.炮弹4○24fire(...)at(用……)瞄准……进行射击○25drown/draʊn/v.淹死，使溺死○26fallinto落入，掉进○27pickup停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起○28asaresult因此，结果○29Iftheyhadreachedthebeach是虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的情况，主句用wouldhavedone的形式，从句用过去完成时。○30deep/diːp/adj.深的○31either...or...或者……或者……○32wound/wuːnd/v.使受伤D日登陆——文章21944年6月6日清晨，“A连”的战士们乘坐7艘战船横渡英吉利海峡。当船离海滩5000米左右时，他们遭到了德军炮火的轰炸，但由于距离太远而没有被击中。德军继续射击。在离海滩1000米时，五号船被击中。6人在救援到来之前被淹死。另外20名战士落水后被其他船上的人救起。结果，他们没赶上海滩上的激战。他们很幸运。要是他们抵达了海滩就很有可能没命了。当三号船离海滩数米远时，战士们跳入海中。但由于海水太深，有的人沉入了海底。许多人被机枪射死或射伤。ThesoldiersonBoat1andBoat4jumpedintothewater,butitwastoodeepandmostofthemdrowned.Halfanhourafterthefirstattack○33，twothirds○34ofthecompany○35(acompanyisagroupofabout100soldiers)w